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Author Li, T. F.; Pashkin, Yu. A.; Astafiev, O.; Nakamura, Y.; Tsai, J. S.; Im, H. doi  openurl
  Title High-frequency metallic nanomechanical resonators Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2008 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 92 Issue Pages 043112(1)-043112(3)  
  Keywords nanomechanical resonator, polycrystalline metal films  
  Abstract We developed a technology to fabricate fully metallic doubly clamped beams working as nanomechanical resonators. Measured with a magnetomotive detection scheme, the beams, made of polycrystalline metal films, show as good quality as previously reported ones made of single crystal materials, such as Si, GaAs, AlN, and SiC. Our method is compatible with the conventional fabrication process for nanoscale electronic circuits and thus offers a possibility of easily integrating the beams into superconducting charge and flux qubits and single-electron transistors as well as coupling them to coplanar waveguide resonators.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 621  
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Author Tarkhov, M.; Claudon, J.; Poizat, J. Ph.; Korneev, A.; Divochiy, A.; Minaeva, O.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Semenov, A. V.; Gol'tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Ultrafast reset time of superconducting single photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2008 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 92 Issue 24 Pages 241112 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 429  
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Author Delacour, C.; Claudon, J.; Poizat, J.-Ph.; Pannetier, B.; Bouchiat, V.; de Lamaestre, R. Espiau; Villegier, J.-C.; Tarkhov, M.; Korneev, A.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Superconducting single photon detectors made by local oxidation with an atomic force microscope Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 90 Issue 19 Pages 191116 (1 t0 3)  
  Keywords SSPD  
  Abstract The authors present a fabrication technique of superconducting single photon detectors made by local oxidation of niobium nitride ultrathin films. Narrow superconducting meander lines are obtained by direct writing of insulating niobium oxynitride lines through the films using voltage-biased tip of an atomic force microscope. Due to the 30nm resolution of the lithographic technique, the filling factor of the meander line can be made substantially higher than detector of similar geometry made by electron beam lithography, thus leading to increased quantum efficiency. Single photon detection regime of these devices is demonstrated at 4.2K.

The authors thank J.-P. Maneval for stimulating discussions. This work has been partly supported by ACI Nanoscience from French Ministry of Research, D.G.A., by Grant No. 02.445.11.7434 of Russian Ministry of Education and Science, and by the European Commission under project “SINPHONIA,” Contract No. NMP4-CT-2005-16433.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 423  
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Author Ejrnaes, M.; Cristiano, R.; Quaranta, O.; Pagano, S.; Gaggero, A.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 91 Issue 26 Pages 262509 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, parallel-wire  
  Abstract We have realized superconducting single photon detectors with reduced inductance and increased signal pulse amplitude. The detectors are based on a parallel connection of ultrathin NbN nanowires with a common bias inductance. When properly biased, an absorbed photon induces a cascade switch of all the parallel wires generating a signal pulse amplitude of 2mV. The parallel wire configuration lowers the detector inductance and reduces the response time well below 1ns.

This work was performed in the framework of the EU project “SINPHONIA” NMP4-CT-2005-016433.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1418  
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Author Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Tichelaar, F. D.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Grishin, E.; Gol’tsman, G.; Zorman, C. A.; Mehregany, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Monocrystalline NbN nanofilms on a 3C-SiC∕Si substrate Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 062504 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords NbN films, nanofilms  
  Abstract The authors have realized NbN (100) nanofilms on a 3C-SiC (100)/Si(100) substrate by dc reactive magnetron sputtering at 800°C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is used to characterize the films, showing a monocrystalline structure and confirming epitaxial growth on the 3C-SiC layer. A film ranging in thickness from 3.4to4.1nm shows a superconducting transition temperature of 11.8K, which is the highest reported for NbN films of comparable thickness. The NbN nano-films on 3C-SiC offer a promising alternative to improve terahertz detectors. For comparison, NbN nanofilms grown directly on Si substrates are also studied by HRTEM.

The authors acknowledge S. V. Svetchnikov at National Centre for HRTEM at Delft, who prepared the specimens for HRTEM inspections. This work was supported by the EU through RadioNet and INTAS.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1425  
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Author Kerman, A. J.; Dauler, E. A.; Yang, J. K. W.; Rosfjord, K. M.; Anant, V.; Berggren, K. K.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Constriction-limited detection efficiency of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 90 Issue 10 Pages 101110 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We investigate the source of the large variations in the observed detection efficiencies of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors between many nominally identical devices. Through both electrical and optical measurements, we infer that these variations arise from “constrictions:” highly localized regions of the nanowires where the effective cross-sectional area for superconducting current is reduced. These constrictions limit the bias-current density to well below its critical value over the remainder of the wire, and thus prevent the detection efficiency from reaching the high values that occur in these devices when they are biased near the critical current density.

This work is sponsored by the United States Air Force under Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1433  
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Author Khosropanah, P.; Gao, J. R.; Laauwen, W. M.; Hajenius, M; Klapwijk, T. M. openurl 
  Title Low noise NbN hot electron bolometer mixer at 4.3 THz Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 91 Issue Pages 221111 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers, NbN, contacts cleaning  
  Abstract We have studied the sensitivity of a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer mixer integrated with a spiral antenna at 4.3 THz. Using hot/cold blackbody loads and a beam splitter all in vacuum, we measured a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 1300 K at the optimum local oscillator (LO) power of 330 nW, which is about 12 times the quantum noise (hnu/2kB). Our result indicates that there is no sign of degradation of the mixing process at the superterahertz frequencies. Moreover, a measurement method is introduced which allows us for an accurate determination of the sensitivity despite LO power fluctuations.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 584  
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Author Zinoni, C.; Alloing, B.; Li, L. H.; Marsili, F.; Fiore, A.; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, A.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Single-photon experiments at telecommunication wavelengths using nanowire superconducting detectors Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 91 Issue 3 Pages 031106 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, APD  
  Abstract The authors report fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors with specifications that exceed those of avalanche photodiodes, operating at telecommunication wavelength, in sensitivity, temporal resolution, and repetition frequency. The improved performance is demonstrated by measuring the intensity correlation function g(2)(τ) of single-photon states at 1300nm produced by single semiconductor quantum dots.

This work was supported by Swiss National Foundation through the “Professeur borsier” and NCCR Quantum Photonics program, FP6 STREP “SINPHONIA” (Contract No. NMP4-CT-2005-16433), IP “QAP” (Contract No. 15848), NOE “ePIXnet,” and the Italian MIUR-FIRB program.
 
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  Notes Erratum: 1395 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1396  
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Author Hadfield, Robert. H.; Habif, Jonathan L.; Schlafer, John; Schwall, Robert. E.; Nam, Sae Woo url  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantum key distribution at 1550 nm with twin superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2006 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 89 Issue 24 Pages 241129  
  Keywords SSPD, quantum cryptography  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 533  
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Author Kerman, A. J.; Dauler, E. A.; Keicher, W. E.; Yang, J. K. W.; Berggren, K. K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Voronov, B. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Kinetic-inductance-limited reset time of superconducting nanowire photon counters Type Journal Article
  Year (down) 2006 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 88 Issue 11 Pages 111116 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We investigate the recovery of superconducting NbN-nanowire photon counters after detection of an optical pulse at a wavelength of 1550nm, and present a model that quantitatively accounts for our observations. The reset time is found to be limited by the large kinetic inductance of these nanowires, which forces a tradeoff between counting rate and either detection efficiency or active area. Devices of usable size and high detection efficiency are found to have reset times orders of magnitude longer than their intrinsic photoresponse time.

The authors acknowledge D. Oates and W. Oliver (MIT Lincoln Laboratory), S.W. Nam, A. Miller, and R. Hadfield (NIST) and R. Sobolewski, A. Pearlman, and A. Verevkin (University of Rochester) for helpful discussions and technical assistance. This work made use of MIT’s shared scanning-electron-beam-lithography facility in the Research Laboratory of Electronics. This work is sponsored by the United States Air Force under Air Force Contract No. FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, recommendations and conclusions are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1453  
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