| Records |
| Author |
Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. |
| Title |
NbN hot electron bolometer mixers with superior performance for space applications |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proc. Int. workshop on low temp. electronics |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Proc. Int. workshop on low temp. electronics |
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Pages |
11-17 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers, applications |
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Noordwijk |
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Armandillo, E.; Leone, B. |
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International workshop on low temperature electronics- WOLTE 6 - Noordwijk |
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1496 |
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| Author |
Hübers, H.-W.; Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Birk, Manfred; Krocka, Michael; Mair, Ulrich; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B. |
| Title |
Terahertz heterodyne receiver with a hot-electron bolometer mixer |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Proc. Far-IR, Sub-mm, and mm Detector Technology Workshop |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Far-IR, Sub-mm, and mm Detector Technology Workshop |
| Volume |
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NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz (THz) heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a µW power from the local oscillator (LO). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, are of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated the performance of the receiver. This yields important information for the development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA)[1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR. |
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Monterey, CA, USA |
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Wold, J.; Davidson, J. |
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| Notes |
4 pages; Unconfirmed but cited in https://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/1622/1/bedorf.pdf; There is a Program of the Workshop: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7411055/far-ir-submm-mm-detector-technology-workshop-sofia-usra (there is no title of this article in the Program); There is also identical publication in Proc. ISSTT (Serial: 332, “A broadband terahertz heterodyne receiver with an NbN HEB mixer”). |
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1829 |
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Gerecht, E.; Musante, C. F.; Jian, H.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Dickinson, J.; Waldman, J.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Yagoubov, P. A.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
| Title |
Measured results for NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers at 0.6-0.75 THz, 1.56 THz, and 2.5 THz |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume |
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Pages |
105-114 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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1587 |
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Svechnikov, S.; Verevkin, A.; Voronov, B.; Menschikov, E.; Gershenzon, E.; Gol'tsman, G. |
| Title |
Quasioptical phonon-cooled NbN hot electron bolometer mixers at 0.5-1.1 THz |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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Pages |
45-51 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
The noise performance of a receiver incorporating spiral antenna coupled NbN phonon-cooled superconducting hot electron bolometric mixer is measured from 450 GHz to 1200 GHz. The mixer element is thin (thickness nm) NbN 1.5 pm wide and 0.2 i.um long film fabricated by lift-off e-beam lithography on high-resistive silicon substrate. The noise of the receiver temperature is 1000 K at 800-900 GHz, 1200 K at 950 GHz, and 1600 K at 1.08 THz. The required (absorbed) local-oscillator power is —20 nW. |
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1586 |
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Gousev, Yu. P.; Olsson, H. K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
| Title |
NbN hot-electron mixer at radiation frequencies between 0.9 THz and 1.2 THz |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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Pages |
121-129 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We report on noise temperature measurements for a NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron mixer at radiation frequencies between 0.9 THz and 1.2 THz. Radiation was coupled to the mixer, placed in a vacuum chamber of He cryostat, by means of a planar spiral antenna and a Si immersion lens. A backward-wave oscillator, tunable throughout the spectral range, delivered an output power of few 1.1W that was enough for optimum operation of the mixer. At 4.2 K ambient temperature and 1.025 THz radiation frequency, we obtained a receiver noise temperature of 1550 K despite of using a relatively noisy room-temperature amplifier at the intermediate frequency port. The noise temperature was fairly constant throughout the entire operation range and for intermediate frequencies from 1 GHz to 2 GHz. |
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1588 |
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Yazoubov, P.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Lipatov, A.; Svechnikov, S.; Gershenzon, E. |
| Title |
Quasioptical NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers with low optimal local oscillator power |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume |
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Pages |
131-140 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
In this paper, the noise perform.ance of NIN based phonon-cooled Hot Electron Bolometric (HEB) quasioptical mixers is investigated in the 0.55-1.1 THz frequency range. The best results of the DSB noise temperature are: 500 K at 640 GHz, 600 K at 750 GHz, 850 K at 910 GHz and 1250 K at 1.1 THz. The water vapor in the signal path causes a significant contribution to the measured noise temperature around 1.1 THz. The required LO power is typically about 60 nW. The frequency response of the spiral antenna+lens system is measured using a Fourier Transform Spectrometer with the HEB operating in a detector mode. |
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1589 |
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Il'in, K. S.; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Currie, M.; Sobolewski, R. |
| Title |
Comparative study of the bandwidth of phonon-cooled NbN hot-electron bolometers in submillimeter and optical wavelength ranges |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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Pages |
323-330 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We report the results of the bandwidth measurements of NbN hot-electron bolometers, perfomied in the terahertz frequency domain at 140 GHz and 660 GHz and in time domain in the optical range at the wavelength of 395 nm.. Our studies were done on 3.5-nm-thick NbN films evaporated on sapphire substrates and patterned into ilin-size microbridges. In order to measure the gain bandwidth, we used two identical BWOs (140 or 660 GHz), one functioning as a local oscillator and the other as a signal source. The bandwidth we achieved was 3.5-4 GHz at 4.2 K with the optimal LO and DC biases. Time-domain measurements with a resolution below 300 fs were performed using an electro-optic sampling system, in the temperature range between 4.2 K to 9 K at various values of the bias current and optical power. The obtained response time of the NbN hot-electron bolometer to —100- fs-wide Ti:sapphire laser pulses was about 27 ps, what corresponds to the 5.9 GHz gain bandwidth. |
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1590 |
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Goltsman, Gregory N.; Vachtomin, Yuriy B.; Antipov, Sergey V.; Finkel, Matvey I.; Maslennikov, Sergey N.; Polyakov, Stanislav L.; Svechnikov, Sergey I.; Kaurova, Natalia S.; Grishina, Elisaveta V.; Voronov, Boris M. |
| Title |
Low-noise NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixers for terahertz heterodyne receivers |
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Conference Article |
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2005 |
Publication |
Proc. 9-th WMSCI |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9-th WMSCI |
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9 |
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Pages |
154-159 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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International Institute of Informatics and Systemics |
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547 |
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Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Yang, Z. Q.; Baryshev, A. M.; Barends, R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Callaos, N. |
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Twin-slot antenna coupled NbN hot electron bolometer mixers for space applications |
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Conference Article |
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2005 |
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Proc. 9-th WMSCI |
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Proc. 9-th WMSCI |
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9 |
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148-153 |
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NbN HEB mixers |
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International Institute of Informatics and Systemics |
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9806560639, 9789806560635 |
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9th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics |
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1480 |
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Cherednichenko, S.; Yagoubov, P.; Il'In, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E. |
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Large bandwidth of NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixers on sapphire substrates |
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Conference Article |
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1997 |
Publication |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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245-257 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers, fabrication process |
| Abstract |
The bandwidth of NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometer mixers has been systematically investigated with respect to the film thickness and film quality variation. The films, 2.5 to 10 mm thick, were fabricated on sapphire substrates using DC reactive magnetron sputtering. All devices consisted of several parallel strips, each 1 1.1 wide and 211 long, placed between Ti-Au contact pads. To measure the gain bandwidth we used two identical BWOs operating in the 120-140 GHz frequency range, one functioning as a local oscillator and the other as a signal source. The majority of the measurements were made at an ambient temperature of 4.5 K with optimal LO and DC bias. The maximum 3 dB bandwidth (about 4 GHz) was achieved for the devices made of films which were 2.5-3.5 nm thick, had a high critical temperature, and high critical current density. A theoretical analysis of bandwidth for these mixers based on the two-temperature model gives a good description of the experimental results if one assumes that the electron temperature is equal to the critical temperature. |
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