Records |
Author |
Smirnov, K.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Zolotov, P.; Antipov, A.; Seleznev, V. |
Title |
NbN single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
035011 (1 to 8) |
Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
Abstract |
The possibility of creating NbN superconducting single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current was investigated. It was shown that the saturation increases for the detectors based on finer films with a lower value of Rs300/Rs20. The decreasing of Rs300/Rs20 was related to the increasing influence of quantum corrections to conductivity of superconductors and, in turn, to the decrease of the electron diffusion coefficient. The best samples have a constant value of system QE 94% at Ib/Ic ~ 0.8 and wavelength 1310 nm. |
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0953-2048 |
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1232 |
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Author |
Yagoubov, Pavel; Kroug, Matthias; Merkel, Harald; Kollberg, Erik; Schubert, Josef; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm |
Title |
NbN hot electron bolometric mixers at frequencies between 0.7 and 3.1 THz |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
989-991 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
The performance of NbN-based phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric (HEB) quasioptical mixers is investigated in the 0.7-3.1 THz frequency range. The devices are made from a 3.5-4 nm thick NbN film on high resistivity Si and integrated with a planar spiral antenna on the same substrate. The length of the bolometer microbridge is 0.1-0.2 µm; the width is 1-2 µm. The best results of the DSB receiver noise temperature measured at 1.5 GHz intermediate frequency are: 800 K at 0.7 THz, 1100 K at 1.6 THz, 2000 K at 2.5 THz and 4200 K at 3.1 THz. The measurements were performed with a far infrared laser as the local oscillator (LO) source. The estimated LO power requirement is less than 500 nW at the receiver input. First results on spiral antenna polarization measurements are reported. |
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0953-2048 |
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Serial |
295 |
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Author |
Semenov, Alexei D; Gol'tsman, Gregory N; Sobolewski, Roman |
Title |
Hot-electron effect in superconductors and its applications for radiation sensors |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Superconductor Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
R1-R16 |
Keywords |
HEB, SSPD |
Abstract |
The paper reviews the main aspects of nonequilibrium hot-electron phenomena in superconductors and various theoretical models developed to describe the hot-electron effect. We discuss implementation of the hot-electron avalanche mechanism in superconducting radiation sensors and present the most successful practical devices, such as terahertz mixers and direct intensity detectors, for far-infrared radiation. Our presentation also includes the novel approach to hot-electron quantum detection implemented in superconducting x-ray to optical photon counters. |
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0953-2048 |
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Serial |
416 |
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Author |
Shurakov, A.; Lobanov, Y.; Goltsman, G. |
Title |
Superconducting hot-electron bolometer: from the discovery of hot-electron phenomena to practical applications |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
023001 |
Keywords |
HEB |
Abstract |
The discovery of hot-electron phenomena in a thin superconducting film in the last century was followed by numerous experimental studies of its appearance in different materials aiming for a better understanding of the phenomena and consequent implementation of terahertz detection systems for practical applications. In contrast to the competitors such as superconductor-insulator-superconductor tunnel junctions and Schottky diodes, the hot electron bolometer (HEB) did not demonstrate any frequency limitation of the detection mechanism. The latter, in conjunction with a decent performance, rapidly made the HEB mixer the most attractive candidate for heterodyne observations at frequencies above 1 THz. The successful operation of practical instruments (the Heinrich Hertz Telescope, the Receiver Lab Telescope, APEX, SOFIA, Hershel) ensures the importance of the HEB technology despite the lack of rigorous theoretical routine for predicting the performance. In this review, we provide a summary of experimental and theoretical studies devoted to understanding the HEB physics, and an overview of various fabrication routes and materials. |
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0953-2048 |
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Serial |
1156 |
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Author |
Rönnung, F.; Cherednichenko, S.; Winkler, D.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
Title |
A nanoscale YBCO mixer optically coupled with a bow tie antenna |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
853-855 |
Keywords |
YBCO HTS HEB mixers |
Abstract |
The bolometric response of YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO) hot-electron bolometers (HEBs) to near-infrared radiation was studied. Devices were fabricated from a 50 nm thick film and had in-plane areas of 10 × 10 µm2, 2 × 0.2 µm2, 1 × 0.2µm2 and 0.5 × 0.2 µm2. We found that nonequilibrium phonons cool down more effectively for the bolometers with smaller area. For the smallest bolometer the bolometric component in the response is 10 dB less than for the largest one. |
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0953-2048 |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1563 |
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