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Author Saffman, Mark
Title Quantum computing: A quantum telecom link Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.
Volume 6 Issue 11 Pages 838-839
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract (up) Converting data-carrying photons to telecommunication wavelengths enables distribution of quantum information over long distances.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 833
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Author Haviland, David
Title Superconducting circuits: Quantum phase slips Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.
Volume 6 Issue Pages 565–566
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract (up) Coulomb interactions can cause a rapid change in the phase of the wavefunction along a very narrow superconducting system. Such a phase slip at the quantum level is now measured in a chain of Josephson junctions.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 807
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Author Decin, L.; Justtanont, K.; De Beck, E.; Lombaert, R.; de Koter, A.; Waters, L. B. F. M.; Marston, A. P.; Teyssier, D.; Schöier, F. L.; Bujarrabal, V.; Alcolea, J.; Cernicharo, J.; Dominik, C.; Melnick, G.; Menten, K.; Neufeld, D. A.; Olofsson, H.; Planesas, P.; Schmidt, M.; Szczerba, R.; de Graauw, T.; Helmich, F.; Roelfsema, P.; Dieleman, P.; Morris, P.; Gallego, J. D.; Díez-González, M. C.; Caux, E.
Title Water content and wind acceleration in the envelope around the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tauri as seen by Herschel/HIFI Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Astron. Astrophys. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 521 Issue Pages L4
Keywords HEB mixer applications, HIFI, Herschel, line: profiles / radiative transfer / instrumentation: spectrographs / stars: AGB and post-AGB / circumstellar matter / submillimeter: stars
Abstract (up) During their asymptotic giant branch evolution, low-mass stars lose a significant fraction of their mass through an intense wind, enriching the interstellar medium with products of nucleosynthesis. We observed the nearby oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch star IK Tau using the high-resolution HIFI spectrometer onboard Herschel. We report on the first detection of H216O and the rarer isotopologues H217O and H218O in both the ortho and para states. We deduce a total water content (relative to molecular hydrogen) of $6.6 \times 10^{-5}$, and an ortho-to-para ratio of 3:1. These results are consistent with the formation of H2O in thermodynamical chemical equilibrium at photospheric temperatures, and does not require pulsationally induced non-equilibrium chemistry, vaporization of icy bodies or grain surface reactions. High-excitation lines of 12CO, 13CO, 28SiO, 29SiO, 30SiO, HCN, and SO have also been detected. From the observed line widths, the acceleration region in the inner wind zone can be characterized, and we show that the wind acceleration is slower than hitherto anticipated.
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Call Number Serial 1090
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Author Home, Jonathan
Title Quantum entanglement: Watching correlations disappear Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.
Volume 6 Issue 12 Pages 938-939
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract (up) Engineered decoherence enables tracking of multipartite entanglement as a quantum state decays.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 832
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Author Kok, Pieter
Title Quantum optics: Entangled photons report for duty Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue 8 Pages 504-505
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract (up) Entangled photons are a key ingredient in optical quantum technologies, but researchers have so far been unable to produce a single pair of entangled photons. Now, two groups from China and Austria independently report just that, with a technique that avoids the need to infer entanglement from detection signatures.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 772
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Author Karasik, Boris S.; Cantor, Robin
Title Optical NEP in hot-electron nanobolometers Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-7
Keywords HEB, Ti, NEP, femtowatt, SAFARI, SPICA, 650 GHz, 0.65 THz, 460 um, twin slot antenna, SQUID readout
Abstract (up) For the first time, we have measured the optical noise equivalent power (NEP) in titanium (Ti) superconducting hot-electron nanobolometers (nano-HEBs). The bolometers were 2{\mu}mx1{\mu}mx20nm and 1{\mu}mx1{\mu}mx20nm planar antenna-coupled devices. The measurements were done at {\lambda} = 460 {\mu}m using a cryogenic black body radiation source delivering optical power from a fraction of a femtowatt to a few 100s of femtowatts. A record low NEP = 3x10^{-19} W/Hz^{1/2} at 50 mK has been achieved. This sensitivity meets the requirements for SAFARI instrument on the SPICA telescope. The ways for further improvement of the nano-HEB detector sensitivity are discussed.
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Notes To appear in Proc. 21st Int. Symp. on Spc. THz Technol., Oxford, UK, 23-25 March, 2010 Approved no
Call Number Serial 623
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Author Feofanov, A. K.; Oboznov, V. A.; Bol'Ginov, V. V.; Lisenfeld, J.; Poletto, S.; Ryazanov, V. V.; Rossolenko, A. N.; Khabipov, M.; Balashov, D.; Zorin, A. B.; Dmitriev, P. N.; Koshelets, V. P.; Ustinov, A. V.
Title Implementation of superconductor/ferromagnet/ superconductor Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.
Volume 6 Issue 8 Pages 593-597
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract (up) High operation speed and low energy consumption may allow the superconducting digital single-flux-quantum circuits to outperform traditional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor logic. The remaining major obstacle towards high element densities on-chip is a relatively large cell size necessary to hold a magnetic flux quantum Φ0. Inserting a Ï€-type Josephson junction in the cell is equivalent to applying flux Φ0/2 and thus makes it possible to solve this problem. Moreover, using Ï€-junctions in superconducting qubits may help to protect them from noise. Here we demonstrate the operation of three superconducting circuits-two of them are classical and one quantum-that all utilize such Ï€-phase shifters realized using superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor sandwich technology. The classical circuits are based on single-flux-quantum cells, which are shown to be scalable and compatible with conventional niobium-based superconducting electronics. The quantum circuit is a Ï€-biased phase qubit, for which we observe coherent Rabi oscillations. We find no degradation of the measured coherence time compared to that of a reference qubit without a Ï€-junction.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 805
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Author Hartogh, P.; Crovisier, J.; de Val-Borro, M.; Bockelée-Morvan, D.; Biver, N.; Lis, D. C.; Moreno, R.; Jarchow, C.; Rengel, M.; Emprechtinger, M.; Szutowicz, S.; Banaszkiewicz, M.; Bensch, F.; Blecka, M. I.; Cavalié, T.; Encrenaz, T.; Jehin, E.; Küppers, M.; Lara, L.-M.; Lellouch, E.; Swinyard, B. M.; Vandenbussche, B.; Bergin, E. A.; Blake, G. A.; Blommaert, J. A. D. L.; Cernicharo, J.; Decin, L.; Encrenaz, P.; de Graauw, T.; Hutsemekers, D.; Kidger, M.; Manfroid, J.; Medvedev, A. S.; Naylor, D. A.; Schieder, R.; Thomas, N.; Waelkens, C.; Roelfsema, P. R.; Dieleman, P.; Güsten, R.; Klein, T.; Kasemann, C.; Caris, M.; Olberg, M.; Benz, A. O.
Title HIFI observations of water in the atmosphere of comet C/2008 Q3 (Garradd) Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Astron. Astrophys. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 518 Issue Pages L150 (1 to 5)
Keywords HEB mixer applications, HIFI, Herschel, comets: individual: C/2008 Q3 / radio lines: general / submillimeter: general / techniques: spectroscopic
Abstract (up) High-resolution far-infrared and sub-millimetre spectroscopy of water lines is an important tool to understand the physical and chemical properties of cometary atmospheres. We present observations of several rotational ortho- and para-water transitions in comet C/2008 Q3 (Garradd) performed with HIFI on Herschel. These observations have provided the first detection of the 212–101 (1669 GHz) ortho and 111–000 (1113 GHz) para transitions of water in a cometary spectrum. In addition, the ground-state transition 110–101 at 557 GHz is detected and mapped. By detecting several water lines quasi-simultaneously and mapping their emission we can constrain the excitation parameters in the coma. Synthetic line profiles are computed using excitation models which include excitation by collisions, solar infrared radiation, and radiation trapping. We obtain the gas kinetic temperature, constrain the electron density profile, and estimate the coma expansion velocity by analyzing the map and line shapes. We derive water production rates of 1.7–2.8 × 1028 s-1 over the range rh = 1.83–1.85 AU.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1088
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Author Toyabe, Shoichi; Sagawa, Takahiro; Ueda, Masahito; Muneyuki, Eiro; Sano, Masaki
Title Experimental demonstration of information-to-energy conversion and validation of the generalized Jarzynski equality Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.
Volume 6 Issue 12 Pages 988-992
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract (up) In 1929, Leo Szilard invented a feedback protocol in which a hypothetical intelligence called Maxwell's demon pumps heat from an isothermal environment and transduces it to work. After an intense controversy that lasted over eighty years; it was finally clarified that the demon's role does not contradict the second law of thermodynamics, implying that we can convert information to free energy in principle. Nevertheless, experimental demonstration of this information-to-energy conversion has been elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a nonequilibrium feedback manipulation of a Brownian particle based on information about its location achieves a Szilard-type information-energy conversion. Under real-time feedback control, the particle climbs up a spiral-stairs-like potential exerted by an electric field and obtains free energy larger than the amount of work performed on it. This enables us to verify the generalized Jarzynski equality, or a new fundamental principle of “information-heat engine” which converts information to energy by feedback control.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 831
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Author Lydersen, Lars; Wiechers, Carlos; Wittmann, Christoffer; Elser, Dominique; Skaar, Johannes; Makarov, Vadim
Title Thermal blinding of gated detectors in quantum cryptography Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Optics Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express
Volume 18 Issue 26 Pages 27938-27954
Keywords quantum cryptography; QKD; hacking; SPD; APD
Abstract (up) It has previously been shown that the gated detectors of two commercially available quantum key distribution (QKD) systems are blindable and controllable by an eavesdropper using continuous-wave illumination and short bright trigger pulses, manipulating voltages in the circuit [L. Lydersen et al., Nat. Photonics DOI:10.1038/nphoton.2010.214]. This allows for an attack eavesdropping the full raw and secret key without increasing the quantum bit error rate (QBER). Here we show how thermal effects in detectors under bright illumination can lead to the same outcome. We demonstrate that the detectors in a commercial QKD system Clavis2 can be blinded by heating the avalanche photo diodes (APDs) using bright illumination, so-called thermal blinding. Further, the detectors can be triggered using short bright pulses once they are blind. For systems with pauses between packet transmission such as the plug-and-play systems, thermal inertia enables Eve to apply the bright blinding illumination before eavesdropping, making her more difficult to catch.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 729
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