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Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gusev, Yu. P.; Zorin, M. A.; Sejdman, L. A.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Title |
Picosecond range detector base on superconducting niobium nitride film sensitive to radiation in spectral range from millimeter waves up to visible light |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
955-960 |
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Keywords |
NbN HEB detectors |
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Abstract  |
Fast-operating picosecond detector of electromagnetical radiation is developed on the basis of fine superconducting film of niobium nitride with high sensitivity within spectral range from millimetric waves up to visible light. Detector sensitive element represents structure covering narrow parallel strips with micron sizes included in the rupture of microstrip line. Detecting ability of the detector and time constant measured using amplitude-simulated radiation of reverse wave tubes and pulse radiation of picosecond gas and solid-body lasers, constitute D*≅1010 W-1·cm·Hz-1/2 and τ≤5 ps respectively, at 10 K temperature. The expected value of time constant of the detector at 10 K obtained via extrapolation of directly measured dependence that is, τ ∝ τ-1, constitutes 20 ps. Experimental data demonstrate that detection mechanism is linked with electron heating effect. |
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Russian |
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0131-5366 |
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1670 |
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Leisawitz, David T.; Danchi, William C.; Dipirro, Michael J.; Feinberg, Lee D.; Gezari, Daniel Y.; Hagopian, Mike; Langer, William D.; Mather, John C.; Moseley, Jr. Samuel H.; Shao, Michael; Silverberg, Robert F.; Staguhn, Johannes G.; Swain, Mark R.; Yorke, Harold W.; Zhang, Xiaolei |
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Scientific motivation and technology requirements for the SPIRIT and SPECS far-infrared/submillimeter space interferometers |
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Conference Article |
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2000 |
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Proc. SPIE |
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Proc. SPIE |
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4013 |
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36-46 |
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Keywords |
HEB applications |
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Far infrared interferometers in space would enable extraordinary measurements of the early universe, the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets, and would have great discovery potential. Since half the luminosity of the universe and 98% of the photons released since the Big Bang are now observable at far IR wavelengths (40 – 500 micrometers ), and the Earth's atmosphere prevents sensitive observations from the ground, this is one of the last unexplored frontiers of space astronomy. We present the engineering and technology requirements that stem from a set of compelling scientific goals and discuss possible configurations for two proposed NASA missions, the Space Infrared Interferometric Telescope and the Submillimeter Probe of the Evolution of Cosmic Structure. |
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909 |
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Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.; Lindgren, M.; Zorin, M.; Trifonov, V.; Karasik, B. S.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
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Nonequilibrium and bolometric photoresponse in patterned YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films |
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Journal Article |
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1994 |
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J. Appl. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Phys. |
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76 |
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3 |
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1902-1909 |
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YBCO HTS HEB detector, nonequilibrium response |
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Epitaxial laser deposited YBa2Cu3O7−δ films of ∼50 nm thickness were patterned into detectors consisting of ten parallel 1 μm wide strips in order to study nonequilibrium and bolometric effects. Typically, the patterned samples had critical temperatures around 86 K, transition widths around 2 K and critical current densities above 1×106A/cm2 at 77 K. Pulsed laser measurements at 0.8 μm wavelength (17 ps full width at half maximum) showed a ∼30 ps response, attributed to electron heating, followed by a slower bolometric decay. Amplitude modulation in the band fmod=100 kHz–10 GHz of a laser with wavelength λ=0.8 μm showed two different thermal relaxations in the photoresponse. Phonon escape from the film (∼3 ns) is the limiting process, followed by heat diffusion in the substrate. Similar relaxations were also seen for λ=10.6 μm. The photoresponse measurements were made with the film in the resistive state and extended into the normal state. These states were created by supercritical bias currents. Measurements between 75 and 95 K (i.e., from below to above Tc) showed that the photoresponse was proportional to dR/dT for fmod=1 MHz and 4 GHz. The fast response is limited by the electron‐phonon scattering time, estimated to 1.8 ps from experimental data. The responsivity both at 0.8 and 10.6 μm wavelength was ∼1.2 V/W at fmod=1 GHz and the noise equivalent power was calculated to 1.5×10−9 WHz−1/2 for the fast response. |
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0021-8979 |
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1637 |
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Maslennikov, S. N.; Morozov, D. V.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Okunev, O. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N. |
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Imaging system for submillimeter wave range based on AlGaAs/GaAs hot electron bolometer mixers |
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Conference Article |
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2004 |
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Proc. 5-th MSMW |
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Proc. 5-th MSMW |
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2 |
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558-560 |
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AlGaAs/GaAs HEB mixers |
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Electromagnetic radiation of the submillimeter (SMM) range is dispersed and absorbed significantly less than infrared (IR) radiation when passing through different objects. That is the reason for the development of an SMM imaging system. In this paper, we discuss the design of an SMM heterodyne imager, based on a matrix of AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure hot electron bolometer mixers (HEB) with relatively high (about 77 K) operating temperature. The predicted double side band (DSB) noise temperature is about 1000 K and optimal local oscillator (LO) power is about 1 /spl mu/W for such mixers, which seems to be quite prospective for an SMM heterodyne imager. |
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Kharkov, Ukraine |
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The Fifth International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Waves (IEEE Cat. No.04EX828) |
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1487 |
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Decin, L.; Justtanont, K.; De Beck, E.; Lombaert, R.; de Koter, A.; Waters, L. B. F. M.; Marston, A. P.; Teyssier, D.; Schöier, F. L.; Bujarrabal, V.; Alcolea, J.; Cernicharo, J.; Dominik, C.; Melnick, G.; Menten, K.; Neufeld, D. A.; Olofsson, H.; Planesas, P.; Schmidt, M.; Szczerba, R.; de Graauw, T.; Helmich, F.; Roelfsema, P.; Dieleman, P.; Morris, P.; Gallego, J. D.; Díez-González, M. C.; Caux, E. |
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Water content and wind acceleration in the envelope around the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tauri as seen by Herschel/HIFI |
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2010 |
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Astron. Astrophys. |
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521 |
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L4 |
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HEB mixer applications, HIFI, Herschel, line: profiles / radiative transfer / instrumentation: spectrographs / stars: AGB and post-AGB / circumstellar matter / submillimeter: stars |
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During their asymptotic giant branch evolution, low-mass stars lose a significant fraction of their mass through an intense wind, enriching the interstellar medium with products of nucleosynthesis. We observed the nearby oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch star IK Tau using the high-resolution HIFI spectrometer onboard Herschel. We report on the first detection of H216O and the rarer isotopologues H217O and H218O in both the ortho and para states. We deduce a total water content (relative to molecular hydrogen) of $6.6 \times 10^{-5}$, and an ortho-to-para ratio of 3:1. These results are consistent with the formation of H2O in thermodynamical chemical equilibrium at photospheric temperatures, and does not require pulsationally induced non-equilibrium chemistry, vaporization of icy bodies or grain surface reactions. High-excitation lines of 12CO, 13CO, 28SiO, 29SiO, 30SiO, HCN, and SO have also been detected. From the observed line widths, the acceleration region in the inner wind zone can be characterized, and we show that the wind acceleration is slower than hitherto anticipated. |
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1090 |
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