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Author Baeva, E. M.; Titova, N. A.; Kardakova, A. I.; Piatrusha, S. U.; Khrapai, V. S.
Title Universal bottleneck for thermal relaxation in disordered metallic films Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication JETP Lett. Abbreviated Journal Jetp Lett.
Volume 111 Issue 2 Pages 104-108
Keywords NbN disordered metallic films, thermal relaxation
Abstract (down) We study the heat relaxation in current biased metallic films in the regime of strong electron–phonon coupling. A thermal gradient in the direction normal to the film is predicted, with a spatial temperature profile determined by the temperature-dependent heat conduction. In the case of strong phonon scattering, the heat conduction occurs predominantly via the electronic system and the profile is parabolic. This regime leads to the linear dependence of the noise temperature as a function of bias voltage, in spite of the fact that all the dimensions of the film are large compared to the electron–phonon relaxation length. This is in stark contrast to the conventional scenario of relaxation limited by the electron–phonon scattering rate. A preliminary experimental study of a 200-nm-thick NbN film indicates the relevance of our model for materials used in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0021-3640 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1164
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Author Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Semenov, A.; Goltsman, G.
Title Photon switching statistics in multistrip superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 28 Issue 7 Pages 1-4
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract (down) We study photon count statistics in superconducting single-photon detectors consisting of up to 70 narrow superconducting strips connected in parallel. Using interarrival time analysis, we demonstrate that our samples are operated in the “arm-trigger” regime and require up to seven subsequently absorbed photons to form a resistive state in the whole sample. We also performed numerical simulation of the light and dark count rates versus detector bias current, which are in good agreement with the experimental results.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1304
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Author Kitaeva, G. K.; Kornienko, V. V.; Kuznetsov, K. A.; Pentin, I. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.
Title Direct detection of the idler THz radiation generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion Type Journal Article
Year 2019 Publication Opt. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Opt. Lett.
Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 1198-1201
Keywords HEB applications
Abstract (down) We study parametric down-conversion (PDC) of optical laser radiation in the strongly frequency non-degenerate regime which is promising for the generation of quantum-correlated pairs of extremely different spectral ranges, the optical and the terahertz (THz) ones. The possibility to detect tenuous THz-frequency photon fluxes generated under low-gain spontaneous PDC is demonstrated using a hot electron bolometer. Then experimental dependences of the THz radiation power on the detection angle and on the pump intensity are analyzed.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0146-9592 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:30821747 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1801
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Author Seliverstov, S. V.; Anfertyev, V. A.; Tretyakov, I. V.; Ozheredov, I. A.; Solyankin, P. M.; Revin, L. S.; Vaks, V. L.; Rusova, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Shkurinov, A. P.
Title Terahertz heterodyne receiver with an electron-heating mixer and a heterodyne based on the quantum-cascade laser Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Radiophys. Quant. Electron. Abbreviated Journal Radiophys. Quant. Electron.
Volume 60 Issue 7 Pages 518-524
Keywords NbN HEB mixer, QCL
Abstract (down) We study characteristics of the laboratory prototype of a terahertz heterodyne receiver with an electron-heating mixer and a heterodyne based on the quantum-cascade laser. The results obtained demonstrate the possibility to use this receiver as a basis for creation of a high-sensitivity terahertz spectrometer, which can be used in many basic and practical applications. A significant advantage of this receiver will be the possibility of placing the mixer and heterodyne in the same cryostat, which will reduce the device dimensions considerably. The obtained experimental results are analyzed, and methods of optimizing the parameters of the receiver are proposed.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0033-8443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1322
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Author Bespalov, A.V.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Semenov, A.D.; Renk, K.F.
Title Determination of the far-infrared emission characteristic of a cyclotron p-germanium laser by use of a superconducting Nb detector Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Solid State Communications Abbreviated Journal Solid State Communications
Volume 80 Issue 7 Pages 503-506
Keywords Nb detector, applications
Abstract (down) We studied the far-infrared emission characteristics of a cyclotron p-germanium laser using a broad-band superconducting Nb film detector. For magnetic fields between ∼25 kOe and ∼50 kOe, emission in a frequency range from ∼50 cm-1 to ∼100 cm-1 with maximum intensity around 90 cm-1 was obtained. We determined, for fixed magnetic fields, electric field dependences of the emission intensity taking into account that the total electric field is a sum of the applied and the Hall electric field. An analysis of the emission intensity characteristic gives evidence that transitions between the two lowest Landau levels of light holes are responsible for the laser action.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0038-1098 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1677
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Author Sidorova, M.; Semenov, A.; Hübers, H.-W.; Kuzmin, A.; Doerner, S.; Ilin, K.; Siegel, M.; Charaev, I.; Vodolazov, D.
Title Timing jitter in photon detection by straight superconducting nanowires: Effect of magnetic field and photon flux Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B
Volume 98 Issue 13 Pages 134504 (1 to 14)
Keywords SNSPD, NbN namowires
Abstract (down) We studied the effects of the external magnetic field and photon flux on timing jitter in photon detection by straight superconducting NbN nanowires. At two wavelengths 800 and 1560 nm, statistical distribution in the appearance times of photon counts exhibits Gaussian shape at small times and an exponential tail at large times. The characteristic exponential time is larger for photons with smaller energy and increases with external magnetic field while variations in the Gaussian part of the distribution are less pronounced. Increasing photon flux drives the nanowire from the discrete quantum detection regime to the uniform bolometric regime that averages out fluctuations of the total number of nonequilibrium electrons created by the photon and drastically reduces jitter. The difference between standard deviations of Gaussian parts of distributions for these two regimes provides the measure for the strength of electron-number fluctuations; it increases with the photon energy. We show that the two-dimensional hot-spot detection model explains qualitatively the effect of magnetic field.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2469-9950 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1842
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Loudkov, D. N.
Title Terahertz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers and their application in radio astronomy Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Radiophys. Quant. Electron. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 46 Issue 8/9 Pages 604-617
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract (down) We review the latest developments, research, and radioastronomy applications of hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers operated in the terahertz waveband. The physical principles of operation of terahertz HEB mixers are presented, their manufacturing from ultrathin NbN films, the main HEB-mixer parameters and their measurement techniques are discussed, and practical terahertz radioastronomy projects based on heterodyne receivers with HEB mixers are considered.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0033-8443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes UDC 537.312.62 Approved no
Call Number Serial 472
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Author Il'in, K. S.; Lindgren, M.; Currie, M. A.; Semenov, D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, Roman; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Picosecond hot-electron energy relaxation in NbN superconducting photodetectors Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 76 Issue 19 Pages 2752-2754
Keywords NbN HEB detectors, two-temperature model, IF bandwidth
Abstract (down) We report time-resolved characterization of superconducting NbN hot-electron photodetectors using an electro-optic sampling method. Our samples were patterned into micron-size microbridges from 3.5-nm-thick NbN films deposited on sapphire substrates. The devices were illuminated with 100 fs optical pulses, and the photoresponse was measured in the ambient temperature range between 2.15 and 10.6 K (superconducting temperature transition TC). The experimental data agreed very well with the nonequilibrium hot-electron, two-temperature model. The quasiparticle thermalization time was ambient temperature independent and was measured to be 6.5 ps. The inelastic electron–phonon scattering time Ï„e–ph tended to decrease with the temperature increase, although its change remained within the experimental error, while the phonon escape time Ï„es decreased almost by a factor of two when the sample was put in direct contact with superfluid helium. Specifically, Ï„e–ph and Ï„es, fitted by the two-temperature model, were equal to 11.6 and 21 ps at 2.15 K, and 10(±2) and 38 ps at 10.5 K, respectively. The obtained value of Ï„e–ph shows that the maximum intermediate frequency bandwidth of NbN hot-electron phonon-cooled mixers operating at TC can reach 16(+4/–3) GHz if one eliminates the bolometric phonon-heating effect.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 856
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Author Shurakov, A.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Blundell, R.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title Microwave stabilization of a HEB mixer in a pulse-tube cryocooler Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 1501504-1501504
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract (down) We report the results of our study of the stability of an 800 GHz hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer cooled with a pulse-tube cryocooler. Pulse-tube cryocoolers introduce temperature fluctuations as well as mechanical vibrations at a frequency of ~1 Hz, both of which can cause receiver gain fluctuations at that frequency. In our system, the motor of the cryocooler was separated from the cryostat to minimize mechanical vibrations, leaving thermal effects as the dominant source of the receiver gain fluctuations. We measured root mean square temperature variations of the 4 K stage of ~7 mK. The HEB mixer was pumped by a solid state local oscillator at 810 GHz. The root mean square current fluctuations at the low noise operating point (1.50 mV, 56.5 μA) were ~0.12 μA, and were predominantly due to thermal fluctuations. To stabilize the bias current, microwave radiation was injected to the HEB mixer. The injected power level was set by a proportional-integral-derivative controller, which completely compensates for the bias current oscillations induced by the pulse-tube cryocooler. Significant improvement in the Allan variance of the receiver output power was obtained, and an Allan time of 5 s was measured.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1372
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Author Shurakov, A.; Seliverstov, S.; Kaurova, N.; Finkel, M.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G.
Title Input bandwidth of hot electron bolometer with spiral antenna Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.
Volume 2 Issue 4 Pages 400-405
Keywords NbN HEB bolometers bandwidth, log-spiral antenna
Abstract (down) We report the results of our study of the input bandwidth of hot electron bolometers (HEB) embedded into the planar log-spiral antenna. The sensitive element is made of the ultrathin superconducting NbN film patterned as a bridge at the feed of the antenna. The contacts between the antenna and a sensitive element are made from in situ deposited gold (i.e., deposited over NbN film without breaking vacuum), which gives high quality contacts and makes the response of the HEB at higher frequencies less affected by the RF loss. An accurate experimental spectroscopic procedure is demonstrated that leads to the confirmation of the wide ( 8 THz) bandwidth in this antenna coupled device.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2156-342X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1161
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