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Author  |
Goltsman, Gregory |
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Title |
Superconducting thin film nanostructures as terahertz and infrared heterodyne and direct detectors |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
Publication |
16th ISEC |
Abbreviated Journal |
16th ISEC |
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Th-I-QTE-03 (1 to 3) |
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Keywords |
waveguide SSPD, SNSPD |
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Abstract |
We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chipquantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device. |
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IEEE/CSC & ESAS Superconductivity News Forum |
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1745 |
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Gol’tsman, G. N.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Lipatov, A.; Semenov, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Dzardanov, A.; Williams, C.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Picosecond superconducting single-photon optical detector |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
79 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
705-707 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We experimentally demonstrate a supercurrent-assisted, hotspot-formation mechanism for ultrafast detection and counting of visible and infrared photons. A photon-induced hotspot leads to a temporary formation of a resistive barrier across the superconducting sensor strip and results in an easily measurable voltage pulse. Subsequent hotspot healing in ∼30 ps time frame, restores the superconductivity (zero-voltage state), and the detector is ready to register another photon. Our device consists of an ultrathin, very narrow NbN strip, maintained at 4.2 K and current-biased close to the critical current. It exhibits an experimentally measured quantum efficiency of ∼20% for 0.81 μm wavelength photons and negligible dark counts. |
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0003-6951 |
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1543 |
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Gol’tsman, G. N.; Smirnov, K.; Kouminov, P.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Drakinsky, V.; Zhang, J.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Fabrication of nanostructured superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
192-195 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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Fabrication of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors, based on the hotspot effect is presented. The hotspot formation arises in an ultrathin and submicrometer-width superconductor stripe and, together with the supercurrent redistribution, leads to the resistive detector response upon absorption of a photon. The detector has a meander structure to maximally increase its active area and reach the highest detection efficiency. Main processing steps, leading to efficient devices, sensitive in 0.4-5 /spl mu/m wavelength range, are presented. The impact of various processing steps on the performance and operational parameters of our detectors is discussed. |
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1558-2515 |
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1515 |
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Gol’tsman, G.; Korneev, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Seleznev, V.; Divochiy, A.; Minaeva, O.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Smirnov, K. |
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Title |
Middle-infrared ultrafast superconducting single photon detector |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
32nd IRMW / 15th ICTE |
Abbreviated Journal |
32nd IRMW / 15th ICTE |
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115-116 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present the results of the research on quantum efficiency of the ultrathin-film superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD) in the wavelength rage from 1 mum to 5.7 mum. Reduction of operation temperature to 1.6 K allowed us to measure quantum efficiency of ~1 % at 5.7 mum wavelength with the SSPD made from 4-nm-thick NbN film. In a pursuit of further performance improvement we endeavored SSPD fabricating from 4-nm-thick MoRe film as an alternative material. The MoRe film exhibited transition temperature of 7.7K, critical current density at 4.2 K temperature was 1.1times10 6 A/cm 2 , and diffusivity 1.73 cmVs. The single-photon response was observed with MoRe SSPD at 1.3 mum wavelength with quantum efficiency estimated to be 0.04%. |
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1246 |
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Gol’tsman, G.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Lipatov, A.; Dzardanov, A.; Smirnov, K.; Semenov, A.; Voronov, B.; Williams, C.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Fabrication and properties of an ultrafast NbN hot-electron single-photon detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
574-577 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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A new type of ultra-high-speed single-photon counter for visible and near-infrared wavebands based on an ultrathin NbN hot-electron photodetector (HEP) has been developed. The detector consists of a very narrow superconducting stripe, biased close to its critical current. An incoming photon absorbed by the stripe produces a resistive hotspot and causes an increase in the film’s supercurrent density above the critical value, leading to temporary formation of a resistive barrier across the device and an easily measurable voltage pulse. Our NbN HEP is an ultrafast (estimated response time is 30 ps; registered time, due to apparatus limitations, is 150 ps), frequency unselective device with very large intrinsic gain and negligible dark counts. We have observed sequences of output pulses, interpreted as single-photon events for very weak laser beams with wavelengths ranging from 0.5 /spl mu/m to 2.1 /spl mu/m and the signal-to-noise ratio of about 30 dB. |
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1558-2515 |
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1547 |
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Author |
Gol’tsman, G.N. |
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Title |
Overview of recent results for superconducting NbN terahertz and optical detectors and mixers |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
SM2 – Seminar on Terahertz Photonics |
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0562 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD, HEB |
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We present our recent achievements in the development of sensitive and ultrafast thin-film superconducting sensors: hot-electron bolometers (HEB), HEB-mixers for terahertz range and infrared single-photon counters. These sensors have already demonstrated a performance that makes them devices-of-choice for many terahertz and optical applications. |
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1746 |
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Author |
Gupta, D.; Kadin, A. M. |
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Title |
Single-photon-counting hotspot detector with integrated RSFQ readout electronics |
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Journal Article |
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1999 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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9 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
4487-4490 |
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Keywords |
RSFQ, SSPD, SNSPD |
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Absorption of an infrared photon in an ultrathin film (such as 10-nm NbN) creates a localized nonequilibrium hotspot on the submicron length scale and sub-ns time scale. If a strip /spl sim/1 /spl mu/m wide is biased in the middle of the superconducting transition, this hotspot will lead to a resistance pulse with amplitude proportional to the energy of the incident photon. This resistance pulse, in turn, can be converted to a current pulse and inductively coupled to a SQUID amplifier with a digitized output, operating at 4 K or above. A preliminary design analysis indicates that this data can be processed on-chip, using ultrafast RSFQ digital circuits, to obtain a sensitive infrared detector for wavelengths up to 10 /spl mu/m and beyond, with bandwidth of 1 GHz, that counts individual photons and measures their energy with 25 meV resolution. This proposed device combines the speed of a hot-electron bolometer with the single-photon-counting ability of a transition-edge microcalorimeter, to obtain an infrared detector with sensitivity, speed, and spectral selectivity that are unmatched by any alternative technology. |
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1080 |
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Author |
Hadfield, Robert. H.; Habif, Jonathan L.; Schlafer, John; Schwall, Robert. E.; Nam, Sae Woo |
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Title |
Quantum key distribution at 1550 nm with twin superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
89 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
241129 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, quantum cryptography |
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0003-6951 |
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533 |
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Heeres, R.W.; Dorenbos, S.N.; Koene, B.; Solomon, G.S.; Kouwenhoven, L.P.; Zwiller, V. |
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Title |
On-Chip Single Plasmon Detection |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Nano Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nano Lett. |
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10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
661-664 |
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Keywords |
optical antennas; SSPD; Single surface plasmons; superconducting detectors; semiconductor quantum dots; nanophotonics |
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Abstract |
Surface plasmon polaritons (plasmons) have the potential to interface electronic and optical devices. They could prove extremely useful for integrated quantum information processing. Here we demonstrate on-chip electrical detection of single plasmons propagating along gold waveguides. The plasmons are excited using the single-photon emission of an optically emitting quantum dot. After propagating for several micrometers, the plasmons are coupled to a superconducting detector in the near-field. Correlation measurements prove that single plasmons are being detected. |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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620 |
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Henrich, D.; Dorner,S.; Hofherr, M.; Il'in, K.; Semenov, A.; Heintze, E.; Scheffler, M.; Dressel, M.; Siegel, M. |
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Title |
Broadening of hot-spot response spectrum of superconducting NbN nanowire single-photon detector with reduced nitrogen content |
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2012 |
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J. Appl. Phys. |
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112 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, magnetron sputtering, spectrum, NbN film, nitrogen concentration |
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The spectral detection efficiency and the dark count rate of superconducting nanowire
single-photon detectors (SNSPD) have been studied systematically on detectors made from thin
NbN films with different chemical compositions. Reduction of the nitrogen content in the 4 nm
thick NbN films results in a decrease of the dark count rates more than two orders of magnitude
and in a red shift of the cut-off wavelength of the hot-spot SNSPD response. The observed
phenomena are explained by an improvement of uniformity of NbN films that has been confirmed
by a decrease of resistivity and an increase of the ratio of the measured critical current to the
depairing current. The latter factor is considered as the most crucial for both the cut-off
wavelength and the dark count rates of SNSPD. Based on our results we propose a set of criteria
for material properties to optimize SNSPD in the infrared spectral region. VC 2012 American
Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757625] |
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D. Henrich, S. Dorner, M. Hofherr, K. Il'in, A. Semenov, E. Heintze, M. Scheffler, M. Dressel, M. Siegel |
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English |
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Broadening of hot-spot response spectrum of superconducting NbN nanowire single-photon detector with reduced nitrogen content |
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RPLAB @ seleznev @ |
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