Records |
Author |
Jiang, L.; Li, J.; Zhang, W.; Yao, Q. J.; Lin, Z. L.; Shi, S. C.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Voronov, B. M.; Goltsman, G. N. |
Title |
Characterization of NbN HEB mixers cooled by a close-cycled 4 Kelvin refrigerator |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume |
15 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
511-513 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
It is quite beneficial to operate superconducting hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers with a close-cycled 4 Kelvin refrigerator for real applications such as astronomy and atmospheric research. In this paper, a phononcooled NbN HEB mixer (quasioptical type) is thoroughly characterized under such a cooling circumstance. The effects of mechanical vibration, electrical interference, and temperature fluctuation of a two-stage Gifford-McMahon 4 Kelvin refrigerator upon the characteristics of the phononcooled NbN HEB mixer are investigated in particular. Detailed measurement results are presented. |
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1558-2515 |
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1469 |
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Author |
Zhang, W.; Jiang, L.; Lin, Z. H.; Yao, Q. J.; Li, J.; Shi, S. C.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vachtomin, Yu. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Kaurova, N. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
Title |
Development of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
209-213 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
In this paper, we report the performance of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB (hot electron bolometer) mixer measured at 500 and 850GHz. The quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer is cryogenically cooled by a 4-K close-cycled refrigerator. Measured receiver noise temperature at 850 and 500GHz are 3000K and 2500K respectively with wire grid as beamsplitter, while the lowest receiver noise temperature is found to be approximately 1200K with Mylar film. The theoretical receiver noise temperature (taking into account the elliptical polarization of log-spiral antenna) is consistent with measured one. The receiver noise temperature and conversion gain with 15-μm Mylar film as the beamsplitter at 500GHz are thoroughly investigated for different LO pumping levels and dc biases. The stability of the mixer’s IF output power is also demonstrated. |
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1470 |
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Author |
Jiang, L.; Zhang, W.; Yao, Q. J.; Lin, Z. H.; Li, J.; Shi, S. C.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Kaurova, N. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
Title |
Characterization of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Proc. PIERS |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. PIERS |
Volume |
1 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
587-590 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
In this paper, we report the performance of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB (hot electron bolome-ter) mixer measured at 500 GHz. The quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer is cryogenically cooled bya 4-K close-cycled refrigerator. Its receiver noise temperature and conversion gain are thoroughly investigatedfor different LO pumping levels and dc biases. The lowest receiver noise temperature is found to be approxi-mately 1200 K, and reduced to about 445 K after correcting theloss of the measurement system. The stabilityof the mixer’s IF output power is also demonstrated. |
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Hangzhou, China |
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1931-7360 |
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Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium |
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1482 |
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Antipov, S. V.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Finkel, M. I.; Goltsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
Title |
Noise temperature of quasioptical NbN hot electron bolometer mixers at 900 GHz |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Physics of Vibrations |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physics of Vibrations |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
242-245 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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ISSN |
1069-1227 |
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1550 |
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Svechnikov, S. I.; Antipov, S. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Goltsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Kroug, M.; Kollberg, E. |
Title |
Conversion and noise bandwidths of terahertz NbN hot-electron bolometer mixers |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Physics of Vibrations |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physics of Vibrations |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
205-210 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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1069-1227 |
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1551 |
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Author |
Svechnikov, S.; Verevkin, A.; Voronov, B.; Menschikov, E.; Gershenzon, E.; Gol'tsman, G. |
Title |
Quasioptical phonon-cooled NbN hot electron bolometer mixers at 0.5-1.1 THz |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
45-51 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
The noise performance of a receiver incorporating spiral antenna coupled NbN phonon-cooled superconducting hot electron bolometric mixer is measured from 450 GHz to 1200 GHz. The mixer element is thin (thickness nm) NbN 1.5 pm wide and 0.2 i.um long film fabricated by lift-off e-beam lithography on high-resistive silicon substrate. The noise of the receiver temperature is 1000 K at 800-900 GHz, 1200 K at 950 GHz, and 1600 K at 1.08 THz. The required (absorbed) local-oscillator power is —20 nW. |
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1586 |
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Author |
Yazoubov, P.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Lipatov, A.; Svechnikov, S.; Gershenzon, E. |
Title |
Quasioptical NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers with low optimal local oscillator power |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Volume |
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Pages |
131-140 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
In this paper, the noise perform.ance of NIN based phonon-cooled Hot Electron Bolometric (HEB) quasioptical mixers is investigated in the 0.55-1.1 THz frequency range. The best results of the DSB noise temperature are: 500 K at 640 GHz, 600 K at 750 GHz, 850 K at 910 GHz and 1250 K at 1.1 THz. The water vapor in the signal path causes a significant contribution to the measured noise temperature around 1.1 THz. The required LO power is typically about 60 nW. The frequency response of the spiral antenna+lens system is measured using a Fourier Transform Spectrometer with the HEB operating in a detector mode. |
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1589 |
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Svechnikov, S. I.; Okunev, O. V.; Yagoubov, P. A.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gerecht, E.; Musante, C. F.; Wang, Z.; Yngvesson, K. S. |
Title |
2.5 THz NbN hot electron mixer with integrated tapered slot antenna |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
3548-3551 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
A Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB) mixer for 2.5 THz utilizing a NbN thin film device, integrated with a Broken Linearly Tapered Slot Antenna (BLTSA), has been fabricated and is presently being tested. The NbN HEB device and the antenna were fabricated on a SiO2membrane. A 0.5 micrometer thick SiO2layer was grown by rf magnetron reactive sputtering on a GaAs wafer. The HEB device (phonon-cooled type) was produced as several parallel strips, 1 micrometer wide, from an ultrathin NbN film 4-7 nm thick, that was deposited onto the SiO2layer by dc magnetron reactive sputtering. The BLTSA was photoetched in a multilayer Ti-Au metallization. In order to strengthen the membrane, the front-side of the wafer was coated with a 5 micrometer thick polyimide layer just before the membrane formation. The last operation was anisotropic etching of the GaAs in a mixture of HNO3and H2O2. |
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1051-8223 |
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1595 |
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Svechnikov, S.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B.; Yagoubov, P.; Cherednichenko, S.; Gershenzon, E.; Belitsky, V.; Ekstrom, H.; Kollberg, E.; Semenov, A.; Gousev, Y.; Renk, K. |
Title |
Spiral antenna NbN hot-electron bolometer mixer at submm frequencies |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
3395-3398 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
We have studied the phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer (HEB) as a quasioptical mixer based on a spiral antenna designed for the 0.3-1 THz frequency band and fabricated on sapphire and high resistivity silicon substrates. HEB devices were produced from superconducting 3.5-5 nm thick NbN films with a critical temperature 10-12 K and a critical current density of approximately 10/sup 7/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 4.2 K. For these devices we reached a DSB receiver noise temperature below 1500 K, a total conversion loss of L/sub t/=16 dB in the 500-700 GHz frequency range, an IF bandwidth of 3-4 GHz and an optimal LO absorbed power of /spl sime/4 /spl mu/W. We experimentally analyzed various contributions to the conversion loss and obtained an RF coupling factor of about 5 dB, internal mixer loss of 10 dB and IF mismatch of 1 dB. |
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1051-8223 |
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1597 |
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Gerecht, E.; Musante, C. F.; Wang, Z.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Waldman, J.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Yagoubov, P. A.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Voronov, B. M.; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
Title |
NbN hot electron bolometric mixer for 2.5 THz: the phonon cooled version |
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Conference Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Volume |
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Pages |
258-271 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
We describe an investigation of a NbN HEB mixer for 2.5 THz. NbN HEBs are phonon-cooled de-. vices which are expected, according to theory, to achieve up to 10 GHz IF conversion gain bandwidth. We have developed an antenna coupled device using a log-periodic antenna and a silicon lens. We have demon- strated that sufficient LO power can be coupled to the device in order to bring it to the optimum mixer oper- ating point. The LO power required is less than 1 microwatts as measured directly at the device. We also describe the impedance characteristics of NbN devices and compare them with theory. The experimental results agree with theory except for the imaginary part of the impedance at very low frequencies as was demonstrated by other groups. |
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1605 |
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