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Author Sidorova, M.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Korneeva, Y.; Mikhailov, M.; Devizenko, A.; Kozorezov, A.; Goltsman, G.
Title Electron-phonon relaxation time in ultrathin tungsten silicon film Type Miscellaneous
Year 2018 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords WSi film
Abstract Using amplitude-modulated absorption of sub-THz radiation (AMAR) method, we studied electron-phonon relaxation in thin disordered films of tungsten silicide. We found a response time ~ 800 ps at critical temperature Tc = 3.4 K, which scales as minus 3 in the temperature range from 1.8 to 3.4 K. We discuss mechanisms, which can result in a strong phonon bottle-neck effect in a few nanometers thick film and yield a substantial difference between the measured time, characterizing response at modulation frequency, and the inelastic electron-phonon relaxation time. We estimate the electron-phonon relaxation time to be in the range ~ 100-200 ps at 3.4 K.
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Notes Duplicated as 1341 Approved no
Call Number (up) Serial 1340
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Author Sidorova, M. V.; Kozorezov, A. G.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Chulkova, G. M.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Goltsman, G. N.
Title Non-bolometric bottleneck in electron-phonon relaxation in ultra-thin WSi film Type Miscellaneous
Year 2018 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords WSi films, diffusion constant, SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We developed the model of the internal phonon bottleneck to describe the energy exchange between the acoustically soft ultrathin metal film and acoustically rigid substrate. Discriminating phonons in the film into two groups, escaping and nonescaping, we show that electrons and nonescaping phonons may form a unified subsystem, which is cooled down only due to interactions with escaping phonons, either due to direct phonon conversion or indirect sequential interaction with an electronic system. Using an amplitude-modulated absorption of the sub-THz radiation technique, we studied electron-phonon relaxation in ultrathin disordered films of tungsten silicide. We found an experimental proof of the internal phonon bottleneck. The experiment and simulation based on the proposed model agree well, resulting in tau{e-ph} = 140-190 ps at TC = 3.4 K, supporting the results of earlier measurements by independent techniques.
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Notes Duplicated as 1305 Approved no
Call Number (up) Serial 1341
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Author Murphy, A.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Gol’tsman, G.; Bezryadin, A.
Title Dark counts initiated by macroscopic quantum tunneling in NbN superconducting photon detectors Type Miscellaneous
Year 2014 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords NbN SSPD
Abstract We perform measurements of the switching current distributions of three w = 120 nm wide, 4 nm thick NbN superconducting strips which are used for single-photon detectors. These strips are much wider than the diameter the vortex cores, so they are classified as quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D). We discover evidence of macroscopic quantum tunneling by observing the saturation of the standard deviation of the switching distributions at temperatures around 2 K. We analyze our results using the Kurkijarvi-Garg model and find that the escape temperature also saturates at low temperatures, confirming that at sufficiently low temperatures, macroscopic quantum tunneling is possible in quasi-2D strips and can contribute to dark counts observed in single photon detectors.
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Call Number (up) murphy2014dark Serial 1356
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Author Bell, M.; Sergeev, A.; Mitin, V.; Bird, J.; Verevkin, A.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title One-dimensional resistive states in quasi-two-dimensional superconductors Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication arXiv:0709.0709v1 [cond-mat.supr-con] Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-11
Keywords
Abstract We investigate competition between one- and two-dimensional topological excitations – phase slips and vortices – in formation of resistive states in quasi-two-dimensional superconductors in a wide temperature range below the mean-field transition temperature T(C0). The widths w = 100 nm of our ultrathin NbN samples is substantially larger than the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length ξ = 4nm and the fluctuation resistivity above T(C0) has a two-dimensional character. However, our data shows that the resistivity below T(C0) is produced by one-dimensional excitations, – thermally activated phase slip strips (PSSs) overlapping the sample cross-section. We also determine the scaling phase diagram, which shows that even in wider samples the PSS contribution dominates over vortices in a substantial region of current/temperature variations. Measuring the resistivity within seven orders of magnitude, we find that the quantum phase slips can only be essential below this level.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ atomics90 @ Serial 948
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Author Maslennikov, S.
Title RF heating efficiency of the terahertz superconducting hot-electron bolometer Type Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume 1404.5276 Issue Pages 1-4
Keywords superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer, HEB, NbN, distributed model, HEB model, HEB mixer model, heat balance equa-tions, conversion gain, RF heating efficiency, noise temperature, simulation, Euler method
Abstract We report results of the numerical solution by the Euler method of the system of heat balance equations written in recurrent form for the superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) embedded in an electrical circuit. By taking into account the dependence of the HEB resistance on the transport current we have been able to calculate rigorously the RF heating efficiency, absorbed local oscillator (LO) power and conversion gain of the HEB mixer. We show that the calculated conversion gai nis in excellent agreement with the experimental results, and that the substitution of the calculated RF heating efficiency and absorbed LO power into the expressions for the conversion gain and noise temperature given by the analytical small-signal model of the HEB yields excellent agreement with the corresponding measured values
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ atomics90 @ Serial 954
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Author Pernice, W.; Schuck, C.; Li, M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Sergienko, A. V.; Tang, H. X.
Title High speed travelling wave single-photon detectors with near-unity quantum efficiency Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume Issue Pages 1-14
Keywords SPD
Abstract Ultrafast, high quantum efficiency single photon detectors are among the most sought-after elements in modern quantum optics and quantum communication. Close-to-unity photon detection efficiency is essential for scalable measurement-based quantum computation, quantum key distribution, and loophole-free Bell experiments. However, imperfect modal matching and finite photon absorption rates have usually limited the maximum attainable detection efficiency of single photon detectors. Here we demonstrate a superconducting nanowire detector atop nanophotonic waveguides and achieve single photon detection efficiency up to 94% at telecom wavelengths. Our detectors are fully embedded in a scalable, low loss silicon photonic circuit and provide ultrashort timing jitter of 18ps at multi-GHz detection rates. Exploiting this high temporal resolution we demonstrate ballistic photon transport in silicon ring resonators. The direct implementation of such a detector with high quantum efficiency, high detection speed and low jitter time on chip overcomes a major barrier in integrated quantum photonics.
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Publisher Place of Publication arXiv:1108.5299 Editor
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 661
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Author Steudle, Gesine A.; Schietinger, Stefan; Höckel, David; Dorenbos, Sander N.; Zwiller, Valery; Benson, Oliver
Title Quantum nature of light measured with a single detector Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume Issue Pages 7
Keywords
Abstract We realized the most fundamental quantum optical experiment to prove the non-classical character of light: Only a single quantum emitter and a single superconducting nanowire detector were used. A particular appeal of our experiment is its elegance and simplicity. Yet its results unambiguously enforce a quantum theory for light. Previous experiments relied on more complex setups, such as the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss configuration, where a beam splitter directs light to two photodetectors, giving the false impression that the beam splitter is required. Our work results in a major simplification of the widely used photon-correlation techniques with applications ranging from quantum information processing to single-molecule detection.
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Publisher Place of Publication arXiv:1107.1353 Editor
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 667
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Author Sprengers, J.P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Nejad, S. Jahanmiri; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore, A.
Title Waveguide single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume Issue Pages 11
Keywords SPD
Abstract he generation, manipulation and detection of quantum bits (qubits) encoded on single photons is at the heart of quantum communication and optical quantum information processing. The combination of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits and single-photon detectors enables quantum repeaters and qubit amplifiers, and also forms the basis of all-optical quantum gates and of linear-optics quantum computing. However, the monolithic integration of sources, waveguides and detectors on the same chip, as needed for scaling to meaningful number of qubits, is very challenging, and previous work on quantum photonic circuits has used external sources and detectors. Here we propose an approach to a fully-integrated quantum photonic circuit on a semiconductor chip, and demonstrate a key component of such circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (20%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (60 ps), response time in the ns range, and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks and modulators.
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Publisher Place of Publication arXiv:1108.5107 Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 668
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Author Engel, Andreas; Aeschbacher, Adrian; Inderbitzin, Kevin; Schilling, Andreas; Il'in, Konstantin; Hofherr, Matthias; Siegel, Michael; Semenov, Alexei; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm
Title Tantalum nitride superconducting single-photon detectors with low cut-off energy Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume Issue Pages 9
Keywords SSPD
Abstract Materials with a small superconducting energy gap favor a high detection efficiency of low-energy photons in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We developed a TaN detector with smaller gap and lower density of states at the Fermi energy than in comparable NbN devices, while other relevant parameters remain essentially unchanged. This results in a reduction of the minimum photon energy required for direct detection to $\approx1/3$ as compared to NbN.
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Publisher Place of Publication arXiv:1110.4576 Editor
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 687
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Author Dorenbos, S. N.; Heeres, R.W.; Driessen, E.F.C; Zwiller, V.
Title Efficient and robust fiber coupling of superconducting single photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume Issue Pages 6
Keywords SSPD
Abstract We applied a recently developed fiber coupling technique to superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs). As the detector area of SSPDs has to be kept as small as possible, coupling to an optical fiber has been either inefficient or unreliable. Etching through the silicon substrate allows fabrication of a circularly shaped chip which self aligns to the core of a ferrule terminated fiber in a fiber sleeve. In situ alignment at cryogenic temperatures is unnecessary and no thermal stress during cooldown, causing misalignment, is induced. We measured the quantum efficiency of these devices with an attenuated tunable broadband source. The combination of a lithographically defined chip and high precision standard telecommunication components yields near unity coupling efficiency and a system detection efficiency of 34% at a wavelength of 1200 nm. This quantum efficiency measurement is confirmed by an absolute efficiency measurement using correlated photon pairs (with $\lambda$ = 1064 nm) produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The efficiency obtained via this method agrees well with the efficiency measured with the attenuated tunable broadband source.
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Publisher Place of Publication arXiv:1109.5809 Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 689
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