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Author Шангина, Е. Л.; Смирнов, К. В.; Морозов, Д. В.; Ковалюк, В. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н.; Веревкин, А. А.; Торопов, А. И.
Title Полоса и потери преобразования полупроводникового смесителя с фононным каналом охлаждения двумерных электронов Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Физика и техника полупроводников Abbreviated Journal
Volume 44 Issue 11 Pages 1475-1478
Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures mixers
Abstract Методом субмиллиметровой спектроскопии с высоким временным разрешением измерены температурная и концентрационная зависимости полосы преобразования смесителей терагерцового диапазона AlGaAs/GaAs на разогреве двумерных электронов с фононным каналом их охлаждения. Полоса преобразования на уровне 3 дБ (f3 dB) при 4.2 K при изменении концентрации ns варьируется в пределах 150-250 МГц в соответствии со степенным законом f3 dB propto ns-0.5, что соответствует доминирующему механизму рассеяния на пьезоэлектрических фононах. Минимальное значение коэффициента потерь преобразования полупроводникового смесителя достигается в структурах с высокой подвижностью носителей mu>3·105 см2/В·с при 4.2 K.
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Notes Duplicated as 1216 Approved no
Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 702
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Author Tikhonov, V. V.; Boyarskii, D. A.; Polyakova, O. N.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Goltsman, G. N.
Title Radiophysical and dielectric properties of ore minerals in 12--145 GHz frequency range Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication PIER B Abbreviated Journal PIER B
Volume 25 Issue Pages 349-367
Keywords complex permittivity, ore minerals
Abstract The paper discusses a retrieval technique of complex permittivity of ore minerals in frequency ranges of 12--38 GHz and 77--145 GHz. The method is based on measuring frequency dependencies of transmissivity and reflectivity of plate-parallel mineral samples. In the 12--38 GHz range, the measurements were conducted using a panoramic standing wave ratio and attenuation meter. In the 77--145 GHz range, frequency dependencies of transmissivity and reflectivity were obtained using millimeter-band spectrometer with backward-wave oscillators. The real and imaginary parts of complex permittivity of a mineral were determined solving an equation system for frequency dependencies of transmissivity and reflectivity of an absorbing layer located between two dielectric media. In the course of the work, minerals that are primary ores in iron, zinc, copper and titanium mining were investigated: magnetite, hematite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and ilmenite.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 639
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Author Шангина, Е. Л.; Смирнов, К. В.; Морозов, Д. В.; Ковалюк, В. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н.; Веревкин, А. А.; Торопов, А. И.
Title Концентрационная зависимость полосы преобразования смесителей субмиллиметрового диапазона на основе наноструктур AlGaAs/GaAs Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Изв. РАН Сер. Физ. Abbreviated Journal Изв. РАН Сер. Физ.
Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 110-112
Keywords 2DEG AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures, THz heterodyne detectors, IF bandwidth
Abstract Методом субмиллиметровой спектроскопии с высоким временным разрешением при Т = 4.2 К измерена концентрационная зависимость полосы преобразования гетеродинного детектирования гетероструктур AlGaAs/GaAs с двумерным электронным газом. С увеличением концентрации двумерных электронов ns = (1.6–6.6) · 1011см-2 ширина полосы преобразования f3dB уменьшается от 245 до 145 МГц. В исследованной области концентраций наблюдается зависимость f3dB , обусловленная рассеянием электронов на деформационном потенциале акустических фононов и пьезоэлектрическим рассеянием.
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Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Duplicated as 1217 Approved no
Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 642
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Author Annunziata, Anthony J.; Quaranta, Orlando; Santavicca, Daniel F.; Casaburi, Alessandro; Frunzio, Luigi; Ejrnaes, Mikkel; Rooks, Michael J.; Cristiano, Roberto; Pagano, Sergio; Frydman, Aviad; Prober, Daniel E.
Title Reset dynamics and latching in niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 108 Issue 8 Pages 7
Keywords SNSPD
Abstract We study the reset dynamics of niobium (Nb) superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) using experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The numerical simulations of the detection dynamics agree well with experimental measurements, using independently determined parameters in the simulations. We find that if the photon-induced hotspot cools too slowly, the device will latch into a dc resistive state. To avoid latching, the time for the hotspot to cool must be short compared to the inductive time constant that governs the resetting of the current in the device after hotspot formation. From simulations of the energy relaxation process, we find that the hotspot cooling time is determined primarily by the temperature-dependent electron-phonon inelastic time. Latching prevents reset and precludes subsequent photon detection. Fast resetting to the superconducting state is, therefore, essential, and we demonstrate experimentally how this is achieved. We compare our results to studies of reset and latching in niobium nitride SNSPDs.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 649
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Author Terai, Hirotaka; Miki, Shigehito; Yamashita, Taro; Makise, Kazumasa; Wang, Zhen
Title Demonstration of single-flux-quantum readout operation for superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 97 Issue 11 Pages 3
Keywords SSPD
Abstract A readout circuit using superconducting single-flux-quantum (SFQ) circuits has been developed to realize an independently addressable array of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). We tested the SFQ readout circuits by connecting with SSPDs. The error rates of readout circuits were below 10–5 for input signal amplitude of greater than 18.2 μA. Detection efficiencies (DEs) for single-photon incidents were measured both with and without the connection of a readout circuit. The observed DEs traced almost the same curves regardless of the connection of the readout circuit, except that the SSPD is likely to latch by connecting the readout circuit.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 654
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Author Tanner, M. G.; Natarajan, C. M.; Pottapenjara, V. K.; O'Connor, J. A.; Warburton, R. J.; Hadfield, R. H.; Baek, B.; Nam, S.; Dorenbos, S. N.; Bermúdez Ureña, E.; Zijlstra, T.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Zwiller, V.
Title Enhanced telecom wavelength single-photon detection with NbTiN superconducting nanowires on oxidized silicon Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 96 Issue 22 Pages 3
Keywords SNSPD
Abstract Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have emerged as a highly promising infrared single-photon detector technology. Next-generation devices are being developed with enhanced detection efficiency (DE) at key technological wavelengths via the use of optical cavities. Furthermore, new materials and substrates are being explored for improved fabrication versatility, higher DE, and lower dark counts. We report on the practical performance of packaged NbTiN SNSPDs fabricated on oxidized silicon substrates in the wavelength range from 830 to 1700 nm. We exploit constructive interference from the SiO2/Si interface in order to achieve enhanced front-side fiber-coupled DE of 23.2 % at 1310 nm, at 1 kHz dark count rate, with 60 ps full width half maximum timing jitter.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 655
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Author Yamashita, Taro; Miki, Shigehito; Qiu, Wei; Fujiwara, Mikio; Sasaki, Masahide; Wang, Zhen
Title Temperature dependent performances of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors in an ultralow-temperature region Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 336 - 339
Keywords SNSPD
Abstract We report on the performance of a fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) from 4 K down to the ultralow temperature of 16 mK for a 1550 nm wave length. The system detection efficiency (DE) increased with de creasing the temperature and reached the considerably high value of 15% with a dark count rate less than 100 cps below 1.5 K, even without an optical cavity structure. We also observed saturation of the system DE in its bias current dependency at 16 mK, which indicates that the device DE of our SNSPD nearly reached intrinsic DE despite the device having a large active area of 20 μm × 20 μm. The dark count was finite even at 16 mK and the black body radiation becomes its dominant origin in the low temperatures for fiber-coupled devices.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 656
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Author Lydersen, Lars; Wiechers, Carlos; Wittmann, Christoffer; Elser, Dominique; Skaar, Johannes; Makarov, Vadim
Title Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue 10 Pages 686 - 689
Keywords quantum cryptography, hacking, QKD, APD
Abstract The peculiar properties of quantum mechanics allow two remote parties to communicate a private, secret key, which is protected from eavesdropping by the laws of physics. So-called quantum key distribution (QKD) implementations always rely on detectors to measure the relevant quantum property of single photons. Here we demonstrate experimentally that the detectors in two commercially available QKD systems can be fully remote-controlled using specially tailored bright illumination. This makes it possible to tracelessly acquire the full secret key; we propose an eavesdropping apparatus built of off-the-shelf components. The loophole is likely to be present in most QKD systems using avalanche photodiodes to detect single photons. We believe that our findings are crucial for strengthening the security of practical QKD, by identifying and patching technological deficiencies.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 657
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Author Братман, В.Л.; Литвак, А.Г.; Суворов, Е.В.
Title Освоение терагерцевого диапазона: источники и приложения Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Успехи физических наук Abbreviated Journal Успехи физ. наук
Volume 181 Issue 8 Pages 867–874
Keywords HEB
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 674
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Author Gaggero, A.; Nejad, S. Jahanmiri; Marsili, F.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Bitauld, D.; Sahin, D.; Hamhuis, G. J.; Nötzel, R.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore, A.
Title Nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors on GaAs for integrated quantum photonic applications Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 97 Issue 15 Pages 3
Keywords SSPD
Abstract We demonstrate efficient nanowire superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs) based on NbN thin films grown on GaAs. NbN films ranging from 3 to 5 nm in thickness have been deposited by dc magnetron sputtering on GaAs substrates at 350 °C. These films show superconducting properties comparable to similar films grown on sapphire and MgO. In order to demonstrate the potential for monolithic integration, SSPDs were fabricated and measured on GaAs/AlAs Bragg mirrors, showing a clear cavity enhancement, with a peak quantum efficiency of 18.3% at λ = 1300 nm and T = 4.2 K.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 681
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Author Bonifas, Andrew P.; McCreery, Richard L.
Title ‘Soft’ Au, Pt and Cu contacts for molecular junctions through surface-diffusion-mediated deposition Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Nanotechnology Abbreviated Journal Nat. Nanotech.
Volume 5 Issue 8 Pages 612–617
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Abstract Virtually all types of molecular electronic devices depend on electronically addressing a molecule or molecular layer through the formation of a metallic contact. The introduction of molecular devices into integrated circuits will probably depend on the formation of contacts using a vapour deposition technique, but this approach frequently results in the metal atoms penetrating or damaging the molecular layer. Here, we report a method of forming 'soft' metallic contacts on molecular layers through surface-diffusion-mediated deposition, in which the metal atoms are deposited remotely and then diffuse onto the molecular layer, thus eliminating the problems of penetration and damage. Molecular junctions fabricated by this method exhibit excellent yield (typically >90%) and reproducibility, and allow examination of the effects of molecular-layer structure, thickness and contact work function.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 682
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Author Freer, Erik M.; Grachev, Oleg; Duan, Xiangfeng; Martin, Samuel; Stumbo, David P.
Title High-yield self-limiting single-nanowire assembly with dielectrophoresis Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Nanotechnology Abbreviated Journal Nat. Nanotech.
Volume 5 Issue 7 Pages 525–530
Keywords
Abstract Single-crystal nanowire transistors and other nanowire-based devices could have applications in large-area and flexible electronics if conventional top-down fabrication techniques can be integrated with high-precision bottom-up nanowire assembly. Here, we extend dielectrophoretic nanowire assembly to achieve a 98.5% yield of single nanowires assembled over 16,000 patterned electrode sites with submicrometre alignment precision. The balancing of surface, hydrodynamic and dielectrophoretic forces makes the self-assembly process controllable, and a hydrodynamic force component makes it self-limiting. Our approach represents a methodology to quantify nanowire assembly, and makes single nanowire assembly possible over an area limited only by the ability to reproduce process conditions uniformly.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 683
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Author Konstantatos, Gerasimos; Sargent, Edward H.
Title Nanostructured materials for photon detection Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Nanotechnology Abbreviated Journal Nat. Nanotech.
Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 391–400
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Abstract The detection of photons underpins imaging, spectroscopy, fibre-optic communications and time-gated distance measurements. Nanostructured materials are attractive for detection applications because they can be integrated with conventional silicon electronics and flexible, large-area substrates, and can be processed from the solution phase using established techniques such as spin casting, spray coating and layer-by-layer deposition. In addition, their performance has improved rapidly in recent years. Here we review progress in light sensing using nanostructured materials, focusing on solution-processed materials such as colloidal quantum dots and metal nanoparticles. These devices exhibit phenomena such as absorption of ultraviolet light, plasmonic enhancement of absorption, size-based spectral tuning, multiexciton generation, and charge carrier storage in surface and interface traps.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 684
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Author Stevens, Martin J.; Baek, Burm; Dauler, Eric A.; Kerman, Andrew J.; Molnar, Richard J.; Hamilton, Scott A.; Berggren, Karl K.; Mirin, Richard P.; Nam, Sae Woo
Title High-order temporal coherences of
chaotic and laser light Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Optics Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express
Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 1430-1437
Keywords SNSPD
Abstract We demonstrate a new approach to measuring high-order temporal coherences that uses a four-element superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. The four independent, interleaved single-photon-sensitive elements parse a single spatial mode of an optical beam over dimensions smaller than the minimum diffraction-limited spot size. Integrating this device with four-channel time-tagging electronics to generate multi-start, multi-stop histograms enables measurement of temporal coherences up to fourth order for a continuous range of all associated time delays. We observe high-order photon bunching from a chaotic, pseudo-thermal light source, measuring maximum third- and fourth-order coherence values of 5.87 ± 0.17 and 23.1 ± 1.8, respectively, in agreement with the theoretically predicted values of 3! = 6 and 4! = 24. Laser light, by contrast, is confirmed to have coherence values of approximately 1 for second, third and fourth orders at all time delays.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 685
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Author Zhong, Tian; Hu, Xiaolong; Wong, Franco N. C.; Berggren, Karl K.; Roberts, Tony D.; Battle, Philip
Title High-quality fiber-optic polarization entanglement distribution at 1.3 μm telecom wavelength Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Optics Letters Abbreviated Journal Opt. Lett.
Volume 35 Issue 9 Pages 1392-1394
Keywords
Abstract We demonstrate high-quality distribution of 1.3 μm polarization-entangled photons generated from a fiber-coupled periodically poled KTiOPO4 waveguide over 200 m fiber-optic cables. Time-multiplexed measurements with a 19% efficient superconducting nanowire single-photon detector at the remote location show a detected flux of 5.8 pairs / s at a pump power of 25 μW and an average two-photon quantum-interference visibility of 97.7% without subtraction of accidentals.
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Call Number (up) RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 686
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