Rothwarf, A., & Taylor, B. N. (1967). Measurement of recombination lifetimes in superconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett., 19(1), 27–30.
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Johnson, M. A., Betz, A. L., & Townes, C. H. (1974). 10-μm Heterodyne Stellar Interferometer. Phys. Rev. Lett., 33(27), 1617–1620.
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Shah, J., Pinczuk, A., Gossard, A. C., & Wiegmann, W. (1985). Energy-loss rates for hot electrons and holes in GaAs quantum wells. Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, 2045–2048.
Abstract: We report the first direct determination of carrier-energy-loss rates in a semiconductor. These measurements provide fundamental insight into carrier-phonon interactions in semiconductors. Unexpectedly large differences are found in the energy-loss rates for electrons and holes in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells. This large difference results from an anomalously low electron-energy-loss rate, which we attribute to the presence of nonequilibrium optical phonons rather than the effects of reduced dimensionality or dynamic screening.
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Shah, N., Pekker, D., & Goldbart, P. M. (2008). Inherent stochasticity of superconductor-resistor switching behavior in nanowires. Phys. Rev. Lett., 101, 207001(1 to 4).
Abstract: We study the stochastic dynamics of superconductive-resistive switching in hysteretic current-biased superconducting nanowires undergoing phase-slip fluctuations. We evaluate the mean switching time using the master-equation formalism, and hence obtain the distribution of switching currents. We find that as the temperature is reduced this distribution initially broadens; only at lower temperatures does it show the narrowing with cooling naively expected for phase slips that are thermally activated. We also find that although several phase-slip events are generally necessary to induce switching, there is an experimentally accessible regime of temperatures and currents for which just one single phase-slip event is sufficient to induce switching, via the local heating it causes.
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Usadel, K. D. (1970). Generalized diffusion equation for superconducting alloys. Phys. Rev. Lett., 25(8), 507.
Abstract: Eilenberger's transportlike equations for a superconductor of type II can be simplified very much in the dirty limit. In this limit a diffusionlike equation is derived which is the generalization of the de Gennes-Maki theory for dirty superconductors to arbitrary values of the order parameter.
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