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Jiang, L.; Li, J.; Zhang, W.; Yao, Q. J.; Lin, Z. L.; Shi, S. C.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Voronov, B. M.; Goltsman, G. N. |
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Title |
Characterization of NbN HEB mixers cooled by a close-cycled 4 Kelvin refrigerator |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
511-513 |
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Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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Abstract |
It is quite beneficial to operate superconducting hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers with a close-cycled 4 Kelvin refrigerator for real applications such as astronomy and atmospheric research. In this paper, a phononcooled NbN HEB mixer (quasioptical type) is thoroughly characterized under such a cooling circumstance. The effects of mechanical vibration, electrical interference, and temperature fluctuation of a two-stage Gifford-McMahon 4 Kelvin refrigerator upon the characteristics of the phononcooled NbN HEB mixer are investigated in particular. Detailed measurement results are presented. |
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1558-2515 |
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1469 |
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Sobolewski, R.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Kouminov, P.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Drakinsky, V.; Goltsman, G. N. |
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Title |
Ultrafast superconducting single-photon optical detectors |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
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Volume |
5123 |
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1-11 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present a new class of single-photon devices for counting of both visible and infrared photons. Our superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are characterized by the intrinsic quantum efficiency (QE) reaching up to 100%, above 10 GHz counting rate, and negligible dark counts. The detection mechanism is based on the photon-induced hotspot formation and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconducting stripe. The devices are fabricated from 3.5-nm-thick NbN films and operate at 4.2 K, well below the NbN superconducting transition temperature. Various continuous and pulsed laser sources in the wavelength range from 0.4 μm up to >3 μm were implemented in our experiments, enabling us to determine the detector QE in the photon-counting mode, response time, and jitter. For our best 3.5-nm-thick, 10×10 μm2-area devices, QE was found to reach almost 100% for any wavelength shorter than about 800 nm. For longer-wavelength (infrared) radiation, QE decreased exponentially with the photon wavelength increase. Time-resolved measurements of our SSPDs showed that the system-limited detector response pulse width was below 150 ps. The system jitter was measured to be 35 ps. In terms of the counting rate, jitter, and dark counts, the NbN SSPDs significantly outperform their semiconductor counterparts. Already identifeid and implemented applications of our devices range from noninvasive testing of semiconductor VLSI circuits to free-space quantum communications and quantum cryptography. |
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SPIE |
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Spigulis, J.; Teteris, J.; Ozolinsh, M.; Lusis, A. |
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Advanced Optical Devices, Technologies, and Medical Applications |
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1513 |
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Antipov, S. V.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Finkel, M. I.; Goltsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
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Title |
Noise temperature of quasioptical NbN hot electron bolometer mixers at 900 GHz |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
Publication |
Physics of Vibrations |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physics of Vibrations |
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9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
242-245 |
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Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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1069-1227 |
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1550 |
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Svechnikov, S. I.; Antipov, S. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Goltsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Kroug, M.; Kollberg, E. |
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Title |
Conversion and noise bandwidths of terahertz NbN hot-electron bolometer mixers |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Physics of Vibrations |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physics of Vibrations |
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9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
205-210 |
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Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
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1069-1227 |
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1551 |
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Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Smirnov, K. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Gershenson, E. M.; Yngvesson, K. S. |
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Direct measurements of electron energy relaxation times at an AlGaAs/GaAs heterointerface in the optical phonon scattering range |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. |
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55-58 |
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2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures |
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1602 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gogidze, I. G.; Goltsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Picosecond response on optical-range emission in thin YBaCuO films |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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17 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
6-10 |
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YBCO HTS detectors |
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Целью настоящей работы является целенаправленный поиск пико-секундного отклика на оптическое излучение выяснение оптимальных условий его наблюдения, а также сравнение характеристик неравновесных эффектов в оптическом и субмиллиметровом диапазонах. |
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1684 |
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Voevodin, E. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Energy-spectrum of shallow acceptors in Ge deformed strongly by a uniaxial pressure |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. and Technics of Semiconductors |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. and Technics of Semiconductors |
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23 |
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8 |
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843-846 |
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Ge, crystallography |
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Проведены исследования спектров фототермической ионизации мелких акцепторов (В, Аl) в Ge, предельно сжатом вдоль кристаллографической оси [100]. Из данных измерений с учетом теории построен энергетический спектр примесей. Показано, что энергии большого числа уровней четных и нечетных состояний хорошо соответствуют расчету, выполненному для примесей в анизотропном полупроводнике с параметром анизотропии γ=m∗⊥/m∗∥>1. |
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Энергетический спектр мелких акцепторов в сильно одноосно деформированном Ge |
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1692 |
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Aksaev, E. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Prospects for using high-temperature superconductors to create electron bolometers |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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15 |
Issue |
14 |
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88-93 |
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HTS HEB |
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0320-0116 |
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Перспективы применения высокотемпературных сверхпроводников для создания электронных болометров |
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1693 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Lyulkin, A. M.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Title |
Fast-response superconducting electron bolometer |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
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Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
3 |
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88-92 |
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Keywords |
Nb HEB |
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The general design, operation, and performance characteristics of fast-response electronic bolometers using a thin superconducting Nb film on a leucosapphire substrate are briefly reviewed. The volt-watt sensitivity of the bolometrs is 2,000-200,000 V/W, the operating temperature is 1.6 K, and the time constant is 4-4.5 ns. |
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Russian |
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1694 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Lyulkin, A. M.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Limiting characteristics of fast-response superconducting bolometers |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
Publication |
Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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59 |
Issue |
2 |
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11-120 |
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HEB |
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Теоретически и экспериментально исследовано физическое ограничение быстродействия сверхпроводящего болометра. Показано, что минимальная постоянная времени реализуется в условиях электронного разогрева и определяется процессом неупругого электрон-фонон-ного взаимодействия. Сформулированы требования к конструкции «электронного болометра» для достижения предельной чувствительности. Проведено сравнение характеристик электронного болометра и обычных болометров различных типов. |
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1696 |
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