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Elezov, M. S.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Kurochkin, Y. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Makarov, V. S.; Samartsev, V. V.; Vinogradov, E. A.; Naumov, A. V.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Countermeasures against blinding attack on superconducting nanowire detectors for QKD |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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Volume |
103 |
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Pages |
10002 (1 to 2) |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, QKD |
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Nowadays, the superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are used in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) instead of single-photon avalanche photodiodes. Recently bright-light control of the SSPD has been demonstrated. This attack employed a “backdoor” in the detector biasing technique. We developed the autoreset system which returns the SSPD to superconducting state when it is latched. We investigate latched state of the SSPD and define limit conditions for effective blinding attack. Peculiarity of the blinding attack is a long nonsingle photon response of the SSPD. It is much longer than usual single photon response. Besides, we need follow up response duration of the SSPD. These countermeasures allow us to prevent blind attack on SSPDs for Quantum Key Distribution. |
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2100-014X |
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1352 |
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Florya, I. N.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Sidorova, M. V.; Golikov, A. D.; Gaiduchenko, I. A.; Fedorov, G. E.; Korneev, A. A.; Voronov, B. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Samartsev, V. V.; Vinogradov, E. A.; Naumov, A. V.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Energy relaxtation and hot spot formation in superconducting single photon detectors SSPDs |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
EPJ Web of Conferences |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web of Conferences |
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Volume |
103 |
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10004 (1 to 2) |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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We have studied the mechanism of energy relaxation and resistive state formation after absorption of a single photon for different wavelengths and materials of single photon detectors. Our results are in good agreement with the hot spot model. |
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2100-014X |
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1351 |
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Elezov, M. S.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Makarov, V.; Vinogradov, E. A.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Development of the experimental setup for investigation of latching of superconducting single-photon detector caused by blinding attack on the quantum key distribution system |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
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EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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Volume |
132 |
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Pages |
01004 (1 to 2) |
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Keywords |
QKD, SSPD, SNSPD |
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Recently bright-light control of the SSPD has been demonstrated. This attack employed a “backdoor” in the detector biasing scheme. Under bright-light illumination, SSPD becomes resistive and remains “latched” in the resistive state even when the light is switched off. While the SSPD is latched, Eve can simulate SSPD single-photon response by sending strong light pulses, thus deceiving Bob. We developed the experimental setup for investigation of a dependence on latching threshold of SSPD on optical pulse length and peak power. By knowing latching threshold it is possible to understand essential requirements for development countermeasures against blinding attack on quantum key distribution system with SSPDs. |
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2100-014X |
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1327 |
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Lobanov, Y. V.; Shcherbatenko, M. L.; Semenov, A. V.; Kovalyuk, V. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Vinogradov, E. A.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Heterodyne spectroscopy with superconducting single-photon detector |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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Volume |
132 |
Issue |
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Pages |
01005 |
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Keywords |
SSPD mixer, SNSPD |
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We demonstrate successful operation of a Superconducting Single Photon Detector (SSPD) as the core element in a heterodyne receiver. Irradiating the SSPD by both a local oscillator power and signal power simultaneously, we observed beat signal at the intermediate frequency of a few MHz. Gain bandwidth was found to coincide with the detector single pulse width, where the latter depends on the detector kinetic inductance, determined by the superconducting nanowire length. |
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2100-014X |
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1205 |
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Author |
Goltsman, G.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Quantum photonic integrated circuits with waveguide integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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Volume |
190 |
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02004 (1 to 2) |
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Keywords |
waveguide SSPD, SNSPD |
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We show the design, a history of development as well as the most successful and promising approaches for QPICs realization based on hybrid nanophotonic-superconducting devices, where one of the key elements of such a circuit is a waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector (WSSPD). The potential of integration with fluorescent molecules is discussed also. |
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2100-014X |
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1320 |
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Korneev, A.; Kovalyuk, V.; An, P.; Golikov, A.; Zubkova, E.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Pernice, W.; Goltsman, G.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Superconducting single-photon detector for integrated waveguide spectrometer |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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190 |
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04009 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, Si3N4 waveguides, waveguide spectrometer |
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We present our recent achievements in the development of an on-chip spectrometer consisting of arrayed waveguide grating made of Si3N4 waveguides and NbN superconducting single-photon detector. |
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2100-014X |
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1199 |
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Korneeva, Y.; Vodolazov, D.; Florya, I.; Manova, N.; Smirnov, E.; Korneev, A.; Mikhailov, M.; Goltsman, G.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Single photon detection in micron scale NbN and α-MoSi superconducting strips |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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Volume |
190 |
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Pages |
04010 (1 to 2) |
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SSPD |
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We experimentally demonstrate the single photon detection in straight micrometer-wide NbN and α-MoSi bridges. Width of the bridges is 2 µm, while the wavelength of the photon changes from 408 to 1550 nm and critical current exceeds 50% of the depairing current. Obtained results offer the alternative route for design of detectors without resonator and meander structure and indirectly confirm vortex assisted mechanism of single photon detection. |
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1319 |
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Elezov, M.; Scherbatenko, M.; Sych, D.; Goltsman, G.; Arakelyan, S.; Evlyukhin, A.; Kalachev, A.; Naumov, A. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Towards the fiber-optic Kennedy quantum receiver |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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EPJ Web Conf. |
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220 |
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03011 (1 to 2) |
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SSPD, SNSPD, Kennedy quantum receiver |
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We consider practical aspects of using standard fiber-optic elements and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for the development of a practical quantum receiver based on the Kennedy scheme. Our receiver allows to discriminate two phase-modulated coherent states of light at a wavelength of 1.5 microns in continuous mode with bit rate 200 Kbit/s and error rate about two times below the standard quantum limit. |
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1288 |
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Il’in, K. S.; Milostnaya, I. I.; Verevkin, A. A.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Sobolewski, R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Ultimate quantum efficiency of a superconducting hot-electron photodetector |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
73 |
Issue |
26 |
Pages |
3938-3940 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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The quantum efficiency and current and voltage responsivities of fast hot-electron photodetectors, fabricated from superconducting NbN thin films and biased in the resistive state, have been shown to reach values of 340, 220 A/W, and 4×104 V/W,
respectively, for infrared radiation with a wavelength of 0.79 μm. The characteristics of the photodetectors are presented within the general model, based on relaxation processes in the nonequilibrium electron heating of a superconducting thin film. The observed, very high efficiency and sensitivity of the superconductor absorbing the photon are explained by the high multiplication rate of quasiparticles during the avalanche breaking of Cooper pairs. |
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0003-6951 |
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1579 |
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Gol’tsman, G. N.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Lipatov, A.; Semenov, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Dzardanov, A.; Williams, C.; Sobolewski, R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Picosecond superconducting single-photon optical detector |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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79 |
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6 |
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705-707 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We experimentally demonstrate a supercurrent-assisted, hotspot-formation mechanism for ultrafast detection and counting of visible and infrared photons. A photon-induced hotspot leads to a temporary formation of a resistive barrier across the superconducting sensor strip and results in an easily measurable voltage pulse. Subsequent hotspot healing in ∼30 ps time frame, restores the superconductivity (zero-voltage state), and the detector is ready to register another photon. Our device consists of an ultrathin, very narrow NbN strip, maintained at 4.2 K and current-biased close to the critical current. It exhibits an experimentally measured quantum efficiency of ∼20% for 0.81 μm wavelength photons and negligible dark counts. |
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0003-6951 |
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1543 |
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