Records |
Author |
Tikhonov, V. V.; Polyakova, O. N.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Boyarskiy, D. A. |
Title |
Determination of dielectric properties of ore minerals in the microwave band |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
Volume |
51 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
966-974 |
Keywords |
ore complex permittivity, chalcopyrite, magnetite, sphalerite, labradorite |
Abstract |
We consider a method for determining the complex dielectric permittivity of ore and nonmetal minerals in the microwave band of electromagnetic radiation. The results of measuring the reflectivity and transmittivity of chalcopyrite, magnetite, sphalerite, and labradorite samples in the frequency range 77–300 GHz are presented. A method for calculation of the complex dielectric permittivity of minerals on the basis of the obtained experimental data is proposed. The approximation formulas for calculation of the complex dielectric permittivity of the studied minerals are given. |
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0033-8443 |
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Serial |
1404 |
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Author |
Li, Mo; Pernice, W. H. P.; Xiong, C.; Baehr-Jones, T.; Hochberg, M.; Tang, H. X. |
Title |
Harnessing optical forces in integrated photonic circuits |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
456 |
Issue |
7221 |
Pages |
480-484 |
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ISSN |
0028-0836 |
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no |
Call Number |
RPLAB @ s @ |
Serial |
425 |
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Author |
Wei, Jian; Olaya, David; Karasik, Boris S.; Pereverzev, Sergey V.; Sergeev, Andrei V.; Gershenson, Michael E. |
Title |
Ultrasensitive hot-electron nanobolometers for terahertz astrophysics |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Nature Nanotechnology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature Nanotech |
Volume |
3 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
496-500 |
Keywords |
HEB, Ti/NbN, single terahertz photons, detection |
Abstract |
The submillimetre or terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum contains approximately half of the total luminosity of the Universe and 98% of all the photons emitted since the Big Bang. This radiation is strongly absorbed in the Earth's atmosphere, so space-based terahertz telescopes are crucial for exploring the evolution of the Universe. Thermal emission from the primary mirrors in these telescopes can be reduced below the level of the cosmic background by active cooling, which expands the range of faint objects that can be observed. However, it will also be necessary to develop bolometers – devices for measuring the energy of electromagnetic radiation—with sensitivities that are at least two orders of magnitude better than the present state of the art. To achieve this sensitivity without sacrificing operating speed, two conditions are required. First, the bolometer should be exceptionally well thermally isolated from the environment;
second, its heat capacity should be sufficiently small. Here we demonstrate that these goals can be achieved by building a superconducting hot-electron nanobolometer. Its design eliminates the energy exchange between hot electrons and the leads by blocking electron outdiffusion and photon emission. The thermal conductance between hot electrons and the thermal bath, controlled by electron–phonon interactions, becomes very small at low temperatures (10-16 WK-1 at 40 mK). These devices, with a heat capacity of 10-19 J K-1, are sufficiently sensitive to detect single terahertz photons in submillimetre astronomy and other applications based on quantum calorimetry and photon counting. |
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ISSN |
1748-3387 |
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Serial |
576 |
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Author |
Kawano, Yukio; Ishibashi, Koji |
Title |
An on-chip near-field terahertz probe and detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature Photon |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
618-621 |
Keywords |
single molecule, terahertz, THz, near-field, microscopy, imaging, 2DEG, GaAs/AlGaAs, detector, applications |
Abstract |
The advantageous properties of terahertz waves, such as their transmission through objects opaque to visible light, are attracting attention for imaging applications. A promising approach for achieving high spatial resolution is the use of near-field imaging. Although this method has been well established in the visible and microwave regions, it is challenging to perform in the terahertz region. In the terahertz techniques investigated to date, detectors have been located remotely from the probe, which degrades sensitivity, and the influence of far-field waves is unavoidable. Here we present a new integrated detection device for terahertz near-field imaging in which all the necessary detection components — an aperture, a probe and a terahertz detector — are integrated on one semiconductor chip, which is cryogenically cooled. This scheme allows highly sensitive, high-resolution detection of the evanescent field alone and promises new capabilities for high-resolution terahertz imaging. |
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1749-4885 |
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Serial |
570 |
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Author |
Divochiy, Aleksander; Marsili, Francesco; Bitauld, David; Gaggero, Alessandro; Leoni, Roberto; Mattioli, Francesco; Korneev, Alexander; Seleznev, Vitaliy; Kaurova, Nataliya; Minaeva, Olga; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.; Benkhaoul, Moushab; Lévy, Francis; Fiore, Andrea |
Title |
Superconducting nanowire photon-number-resolving detector at telecommunication wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Nat. Photon. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Photon. |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
302-306 |
Keywords |
SSPD, photon-number-resolving |
Abstract |
Optical-to-electrical conversion, which is the basis of the operation of optical detectors, can be linear or nonlinear. When high sensitivities are needed, single-photon detectors are used, which operate in a strongly nonlinear mode, their response being independent of the number of detected photons. However, photon-number-resolving detectors are needed, particularly in quantum optics, where n-photon states are routinely produced. In quantum communication and quantum information processing, the photon-number-resolving functionality is key to many protocols, such as the implementation of quantum repeaters1 and linear-optics quantum computing2. A linear detector with single-photon sensitivity can also be used for measuring a temporal waveform at extremely low light levels, such as in long-distance optical communications, fluorescence spectroscopy and optical time-domain reflectometry. We demonstrate here a photon-number-resolving detector based on parallel superconducting nanowires and capable of counting up to four photons at telecommunication wavelengths, with an ultralow dark count rate and high counting frequency. |
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916 |
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