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Author Floet, D. Wilms; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Gao, J. R.
Title Resistive transition of niobium superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 73 Issue 19 Pages 2826
Keywords HEB
Abstract
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ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 543
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Author Korneeva, Y.; Vodolazov, D.; Florya, I.; Manova, N.; Smirnov, E.; Korneev, A.; Mikhailov, M.; Goltsman, G.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R.
Title Single photon detection in micron scale NbN and α-MoSi superconducting strips Type Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication EPJ Web Conf. Abbreviated Journal EPJ Web Conf.
Volume 190 Issue Pages 04010 (1 to 2)
Keywords SSPD
Abstract We experimentally demonstrate the single photon detection in straight micrometer-wide NbN and α-MoSi bridges. Width of the bridges is 2 µm, while the wavelength of the photon changes from 408 to 1550 nm and critical current exceeds 50% of the depairing current. Obtained results offer the alternative route for design of detectors without resonator and meander structure and indirectly confirm vortex assisted mechanism of single photon detection.
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ISSN 2100-014X ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1319
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Author Yang, Y.; Fedorov, G.; Shafranjuk, S. E.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Cooper, B. K.; Lewis, R. M.; Lobb, C. J.; Barbara, P.
Title Electronic transport and possible superconductivity at Van Hove singularities in carbon nanotubes Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Nano Lett. Abbreviated Journal Nano Lett.
Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 7859-7866
Keywords carbon nanotubes, CNT, tunable superconductivity, van Hove singularities
Abstract Van Hove singularities (VHSs) are a hallmark of reduced dimensionality, leading to a divergent density of states in one and two dimensions and predictions of new electronic properties when the Fermi energy is close to these divergences. In carbon nanotubes, VHSs mark the onset of new subbands. They are elusive in standard electronic transport characterization measurements because they do not typically appear as notable features and therefore their effect on the nanotube conductance is largely unexplored. Here we report conductance measurements of carbon nanotubes where VHSs are clearly revealed by interference patterns of the electronic wave functions, showing both a sharp increase of quantum capacitance, and a sharp reduction of energy level spacing, consistent with an upsurge of density of states. At VHSs, we also measure an anomalous increase of conductance below a temperature of about 30 K. We argue that this transport feature is consistent with the formation of Cooper pairs in the nanotube.
Address Department of Physics, Georgetown University , Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States
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ISSN 1530-6984 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:26506109; Suuplementary info (attached to pdf) DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02564 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1782
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Author Baselmans, J.; Kooi, J.; Baryshev, A.; Yang, Z. Q.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.
Title Full characterization of small volume NbN HEB mixers for space applications Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue Pages 457-462
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract NbN phonon cooled HEB’s are one of the most promising bolometer mixer technologies for (near) future (space) applications. Their performance is usually quantified by mea- suring the receiver noise temperature at a given IF frequency, usually around 1 – 2 GHz. However, for any real applications it is vital that one fully knows all the relevant properties of the mixer, including LO power, stability, direct detection, gain bandwidth and noise bandwidth, not only the noise temperature at low IF frequencies. To this aim we have measured all these parameters at the optimal operating point of one single, small volume quasioptical NbN HEB mixer. We find a minimum noise temperature of 900 K at 1.46 THz. We observe a direct detection effect indicated by a change in bias current when changing from a 300 K hot load to a 77 K cold load. Due to this effect we overestimate the noise temperature by about 22% using a 300 K hot load and a 77 K cold load. The LO power needed to reach the optimal operating point is 80 nW at the receiver lens front, 59 nW inside the NbN bridge. However, using the isothermal technique we find a power absorbed in the NbN bridge of 25 nW, a difference of about a factor 2. We obtain a gain bandwidth of 2.3 GHz and a noise bandwidth of 4 GHz. The system Allan time is about 1 sec. in a 50 MHz spectral bandwidth and a deviation from white noise integration (governed by the radiometer equation) occurs at 0.2 sec., which implies a maximum integration time of a few seconds in a 1 MHz bandwidth spectrometer.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Göteborg, Sweden Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 363
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Author Gao, G. R.; Hovenier, J. N.; Yang, Z. Q.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Baryshev, A.; Hajenius, M.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Adam, A. J. L.; Klaassen, T. O.; Williams, B. S.; Kumar, S.; Hu, Q.; Reno, J. L.
Title A novel terahertz heterodyne receiver based on a quantum cascade laser and a superconducting bolometer Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 19-23
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Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Göteborg, Sweden Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ qc_lasers_gao_isstt16 Serial 367
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Author de Lange, G.; Kuipers, J. J.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Panhuyzen, R. A.; van de Stadt, H.; de Graauw, M. W. M.
Title Superconducting resonator circuits at frequencies above the gap frequency Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 77 Issue 4 Pages 1795-1804
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 257
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Author Khosropanah, P.; Gao, J. R.; Laauwen, W. M.; Hajenius, M; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Low noise NbN hot electron bolometer mixer at 4.3 THz Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 91 Issue Pages 221111 (1 to 3)
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, NbN, contacts cleaning
Abstract We have studied the sensitivity of a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer mixer integrated with a spiral antenna at 4.3 THz. Using hot/cold blackbody loads and a beam splitter all in vacuum, we measured a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 1300 K at the optimum local oscillator (LO) power of 330 nW, which is about 12 times the quantum noise (hnu/2kB). Our result indicates that there is no sign of degradation of the mixing process at the superterahertz frequencies. Moreover, a measurement method is introduced which allows us for an accurate determination of the sensitivity despite LO power fluctuations.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 584
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Author Jackson, B. D.; Baryshev, A. M.; de Lange, G.; Gao, J. R.; Shitov, S. V.; Iosad, N. N.; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Low-noise 1 THz superconductor-insulator-superconductor mixer incorporating a NbTiN/SiO2/Al tuning circuit Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 79 Issue 3 Pages 436
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ sis_Jackson_2001 Serial 314
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Author Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.
Title Improved NbN phonon cooled hot electron bolometer mixers Type Conference Article
Year 2003 Publication Proc. 14th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 14th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue Pages 413-423
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometer mixers (HEBs) have been realized with negligible contact resistance to Au pads. By adding either a 5 nm Nb or a 10 nm NbTiN layer between the Au and NbN, to preserve superconductivity in the NbN under the Au contact pad, superior noise temperatures have been obtained. Using DC I,V curves and resistive transitions in combination with process parameters we analyze the nature of these improved devices and determine interface transparencies.
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Publisher Place of Publication Tucson, USA Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 337
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Author Barends, R.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Current-induced vortex unbinding in bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 87 Issue Pages 263506 (1 to 3)
Keywords HEB mixer numerical model, HEB model, IV-curves, vortex-antivortex, Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless theory, diffusion cooling channel, diffusion channel, distributed HEB model, distributed model, self-heating effect, temperature profile
Abstract We present a description of the current-voltage characteristics of hot electron bolometers in terms of the current-dependent intrinsic resistive transition of NbN films. We find that, by including this current dependence, we can correctly predict the complete current-voltage characteristics, showing excellent agreement with measurements for both low and high bias and for small as well as large devices. It is assumed that the current dependence is due to vortex-antivortex unbinding as described in the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless theory. The presented approach will be useful in guiding device optimization for noise and bandwidth.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 604
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Author Jackson, B. D.; Hesper, R.; Adema, J.; Barkhof, J.; Baryshev, A. M.; Zijlstra, T.; Zhu, S.; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Series production of state-of-the-art 602-720 GHz SIS receivers for band 9 of ALMA Type Conference Article
Year 2009 Publication Proc. 20th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 7-11
Keywords SIS mixer, noise temperature, ALMA, band 9
Abstract The Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) requires the development and production of 73 state-of-the-art receivers for the 602-720 GHz range – the ALMA Band 9 cartridges. Development and pre-production of the first 8 cartridges was completed between 2003 and 2008, resulting in a cartridge design that meets the project's challenging requirements. The cartridge design remains essentially unchanged for production, while the production and test processes developed during pre-production have been fine-tuned to address the biggest new challenge for this phase – ramping up production to a rate of 2 cartridges per month over 2009-2012.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 618
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Author Zhang, W.; Khosropanah, P.; Gao, J. R.; Kollberg, E. L.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Bansal, T.; Barends, R.; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Quantum noise in a terahertz hot electron bolometer mixer Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 96 Issue 11 Pages 111113-(1-3)
Keywords HEB mixer, quantum limit, quantum noise, vacuum box, THz, Terahertz
Abstract We have measured the noise temperature of a single, sensitive superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer in a frequency range from 1.6 to 5.3 THz, using a setup with all the key components in vacuum. By analyzing the measured receiver noise temperature using a quantum noise (QN) model for HEB mixers, we confirm the effect of QN. The QN is found to be responsible for about half of the receiver noise at the highest frequency in our measurements. The beta-factor (the quantum efficiency of the HEB) obtained experimentally agrees reasonably well with the calculated value.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 624
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Author Tanner, M. G.; Natarajan, C. M.; Pottapenjara, V. K.; O'Connor, J. A.; Warburton, R. J.; Hadfield, R. H.; Baek, B.; Nam, S.; Dorenbos, S. N.; Bermúdez Ureña, E.; Zijlstra, T.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Zwiller, V.
Title Enhanced telecom wavelength single-photon detection with NbTiN superconducting nanowires on oxidized silicon Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 96 Issue 22 Pages 3
Keywords SNSPD
Abstract Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have emerged as a highly promising infrared single-photon detector technology. Next-generation devices are being developed with enhanced detection efficiency (DE) at key technological wavelengths via the use of optical cavities. Furthermore, new materials and substrates are being explored for improved fabrication versatility, higher DE, and lower dark counts. We report on the practical performance of packaged NbTiN SNSPDs fabricated on oxidized silicon substrates in the wavelength range from 830 to 1700 nm. We exploit constructive interference from the SiO2/Si interface in order to achieve enhanced front-side fiber-coupled DE of 23.2 % at 1310 nm, at 1 kHz dark count rate, with 60 ps full width half maximum timing jitter.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 655
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Author Vercruyssen, N.; Verhagen, T. G. A.; Flokstra, M. G.; Pekola, J. P.; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Evanescent states and nonequilibrium in driven superconducting nanowires Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B
Volume 85 Issue Pages 224503(1-10)
Keywords Al HEB, Al superconducting nanowire, global state, bimodal state, quasiclassical kinetic equations, Usadel equation
Abstract We study the nonlinear response of current transport in a superconducting diffusive nanowire between normal reservoirs. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the existence of two different superconducting states appearing when the wire is driven out of equilibrium by an applied bias, called the global and bimodal superconducting states. The different states are identified by using two-probe measurements of the wire, and measurements of the local density of states with tunneling probes. The analysis is performed within the framework of the quasiclassical kinetic equations for diffusive superconductors.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 898
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Author Gao, J. R.; Hovenier, J. N.; Yang, Z. Q.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Baryshev, A.; Hajenius, M.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Adam, A. J. L.; Klaassen, T. O.; Williams, B. S.; Kumar, S.; Hu, Q.; Reno, J. L.
Title Terahertz heterodyne receiver based on a quantum cascade laser and a superconducting bolometer Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 86 Issue Pages 244104 (1 to 3)
Keywords HEB, QCL
Abstract We report the first demonstration of an all solid-stateheterodyne receiver that can be used for high-resolution spectroscopy above 2THz suitable for space-based observatories. The receiver uses a NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer as mixer and a quantum cascade laser operating at 2.8THz as local oscillator. We measure a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 1400K at 2.8THz and 4.2K, and find that the free-running QCL has sufficient power stability for a practical receiver, demonstrating an unprecedented combination of sensitivity and stability.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 905
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