Records |
Author |
Kawamura, J.; Blundell, R.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Papa, D. C.; Hunter, T. R.; Paine, S. N.; Patt, F.; Gol'tsman, G.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E. |
Title |
Superconductive hot-electron-bolometer mixer receiver for 800-GHz operation |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
Volume |
48 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
683-689 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers, LO power, local oscillator power, saturation, linearity, dynamic range |
Abstract |
In this paper, we describe a superconductive hot-electron-bolometer mixer receiver designed to operate in the partially transmissive 350-μm atmospheric window. The receiver employs an NbN thin-film microbridge as the mixer element, in which the main cooling mechanism of the hot electrons is through electron-phonon interaction. At a local-oscillator frequency of 808 GHz, the measured double-sideband receiver noise temperature is TRX=970 K, across a 1-GHz intermediate-frequency bandwidth centered at 1.8 GHz. We have measured the linearity of the receiver and the amount of local-oscillator power incident on the mixer for optimal operation, which is PLO≈1 μW. This receiver was used in making observations as a facility instrument at the Heinrich Hertz Telescope, Mt. Graham, AZ, during the 1998-1999 winter observing season. |
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0018-9480 |
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RPLAB @ lobanovyury @ |
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573 |
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Author |
Tong, C.-Y. E.; Meledin, D.; Loudkov, D.; Blundell, R.; Erickson, N.; Kawamura, J.; Mehdi, I.; Gol’tsman, G. |
Title |
A 1.5 THz Hot-Electron Bolometer mixer operated by a planar diode based local oscillator |
Type |
Conference Article |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
751-754 |
Keywords |
waveguide NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
We have developed a 1.5 THz superconducting NbN Hot-Electron Bolometer mixer. It is operated by an all-solid-state Local Oscillator comprising of a cascade of 4 planar doublers following an MMIC based W-band power amplifier. The threshold available pump power is estimated to be 1 /spl mu/W. |
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Philadelphia, PA, USA |
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1516 |
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Author |
Kawamura, J.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Blundell, R.; Papa, D. C.; Hunter, T. R.; Patt, F.; Gol’tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E. |
Title |
Terahertz-frequency waveguide NbN hot-electron bolometer mixer |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
952-954 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
We have developed a low-noise waveguide heterodyne receiver for operation near 1 THz using phonon-cooled NbN hot-electron bolometers. The mixer elements are submicron-sized microbridges of 4 nm-thick NbN film fabricated on a quartz substrate. Operating at a bath temperature of 4.2 K, the double-sideband receiver noise temperature is 760 K at 1.02 THz and 1100 K at 1.26 THz. The local oscillator is provided by solid-state sources, and power measured at the source is less than 1 /spl mu/W. The intermediate frequency bandwidth exceeds 2 GHz. The receiver was used to make the first ground-based heterodyne detection of a celestial spectroscopic line above 1 THz. |
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1558-2515 |
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1546 |
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Author |
Tong, C. Y. E.; Chen, L.; Blundell, R. |
Title |
Theory of distributed mixing and amplification in a superconductingquasi-particle nonlinear transmission line |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
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45 |
Issue |
7 |
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1086-1092 |
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274 |
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Author |
Tong, C. Y. E.; Blundell, R.; Paine, S.; Papa, D. C.; Kawamura, J.; Stern, J.; LeDuc, H. G. |
Title |
Design and characterization of a 250-350 GHz fixed-tuned superconductor-insulator-insulator receiver |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
9 |
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1548-1556 |
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273 |
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Author |
Kawamura, J.; Blundell, R.; Tong, C.-yu E.; Gol’tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Voronov, B.; Cherednichenko, S. |
Title |
Low noise NbN lattice-cooled superconducting hot-electron bolometric mixers at submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
70 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
1619-1621 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
Lattice-cooled superconducting hot-electron bolometric mixers are used in a submillimeter-wave waveguide heterodyne receiver. The mixer elements are niobium nitride film with 3.5 nm thickness and ∼10 μm2 area. The local oscillator power for optimal performance is estimated to be 0.5 μW, and the instantaneous bandwidth is 2.2 GHz. At an intermediate frequency centered at 1.4 GHz with 200 MHz bandwidth, the double sideband receiver noise temperature is 410 K at 430 GHz. The receiver has been used to detect molecular line emission in a laboratory gas cell. |
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0003-6951 |
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1599 |
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Meledin, D. V.; Marrone, D. P.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Gibson, H.; Blundell, R.; Paine, S. N.; Papa, D.C.; Smith, M.; Hunter, T. R.; Battat, J.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. |
Title |
A 1-THz superconducting hot-electron-bolometer receiver for astronomical observations |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn. |
Volume |
52 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
2338-2343 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixer, applications |
Abstract |
In this paper, we describe a superconducting hot-electron-bolometer mixer receiver developed to operate in atmospheric windows between 800-1300 GHz. The receiver uses a waveguide mixer element made of 3-4-nm-thick NbN film deposited over crystalline quartz. This mixer yields double-sideband receiver noise temperatures of 1000 K at around 1.0 THz, and 1600 K at 1.26 THz, at an IF of 3.0 GHz. The receiver was successfully tested in the laboratory using a gas cell as a spectral line test source. It is now in use on the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory terahertz test telescope in northern Chile. |
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0018-9480 |
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Serial |
1484 |
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Author |
Kawamura, J. H.; Tong, C.-Y.E.; Blundell, R.; Cosmo Papa, D.; Hunter, T. R.; Gol'tsman, G.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E. |
Title |
An 800 GHz NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer receiver |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
3753-3756 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
We describe a heterodyne receiver developed for astronomical applications to operate in the 350 /spl mu/m atmospheric window. The waveguide receiver employs a superconductive NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer. The double sideband receiver noise temperature closely follows 1 kGHz/sup -1/ across 780-870 GHz, with the intermediate frequency centered at 1.4 GHz. The conversion loss is about 15 dB. The receiver was installed for operation at the University of Arizona/Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Submillimeter Telescope facility. The instrument was successfully used to conduct test observations of a number of celestial sources in a number of astronomically important spectral lines. |
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1051-8223 |
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288 |
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Author |
Kawamura, J.; Blundell, R.; Tong, C.‐yu E.; Gol’tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Voronov, B. |
Title |
Performance of NbN lattice‐cooled hot‐electron bolometric mixers |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
J. Appl. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Phys. |
Volume |
80 |
Issue |
7 |
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4232-4234 |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
Abstract |
The heterodyne performance of lattice‐cooled hot‐electron bolometric mixers is measured at 200 GHz. Superconducting thin‐film niobium nitride strips with ∼5 nm thickness are used as waveguide mixer elements. A double‐sideband receiver noise temperature of 750 K at 244 GHz is measured at an intermediate frequency centered at 1.5 GHz with 500 MHz bandwidth and with 4.2 K device temperature. The instantaneous bandwidth for this mixer is 1.6 GHz. The local oscillator power required by the mixer is about 0.5 μW. The mixer is linear to within 1 dB up to an input power level 6 dB below the local oscillator power. A receiver incorporating a hot‐electron bolometric mixer was used to detect molecular line emission in a laboratory gascell. This experiment unambiguously confirms that the receiver noise temperature determined from Y‐factor measurements reflects the true heterodyne sensitivity. |
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0021-8979 |
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1607 |
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Author |
Ryabchun, S.; Tong, C.-yu E.; Blundell, R.; Kimberk, R.; Gol’tsman, G. |
Title |
Effect of microwave radiation on the stability of terahertz hot-electron bolometer mixers |
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Conference Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
Volume |
6373 |
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63730J (1 to 5) |
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers, hot-electron bolometer mixers, stability, Allan variance, LO power fluctuations |
Abstract |
We report our studies of the effect of microwave radiation, with a frequency much lower than that corresponding to the energy gap of the superconductor, on the performance of the NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer incorporated into a THz heterodyne receiver. It is shown that exposing the HEB mixer to microwave radiation does not result in a significant rise of the receiver noise temperature and degradation of the mixer conversion gain so long as the level of microwave power is small compared to the local oscillator drive. Hence the injection of a small, but controlled amount of microwave radiation enables active compensation of local oscillator power and coupling fluctuations which can significantly degrade the stability of HEB mixer receivers. |
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SPIE |
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Anwar, M.; DeMaria, A.J.; Shur, M.S. |
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Terahertz Physics, Devices, and Systems |
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Serial |
1441 |
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