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Author Fazal, Furqan M.; Block, Steven M.
Title Optical tweezers study life under tension Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages (down) 318-321
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Optical tweezers have become one of the primary weapons in the arsenal of biophysicists, and have revolutionized the new field of single-molecule biophysics. Today's techniques allow high-resolution experiments on biological macromolecules that were mere pipe dreams only a decade ago.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 776
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Author Kosako, Terukazu; Kadoya, Yutaka; Hofmann, Holger F.
Title Directional control of light by a nano-optical Yagi–Uda antenna Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue Pages (down) 312 - 315
Keywords optical antennas
Abstract The plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles can direct light from optical emitters in much the same way that radiofrequency antennas direct the emission from electrical circuits. Recently, rapid progress has been made in the realization of single-element antennas for optical waves. Because most of these devices are designed to optimize the local near-field coupling between the antenna and an emitter, the possibility of modifying the spatial radiation pattern has not yet received as much attention. In the radiofrequency regime, a typical antenna design for high directivity is the Yagi–Uda antenna, which essentially consists of a one-dimensional array of antenna elements driven by a single feed element. By fabricating a corresponding array of nanoparticles, similar radiation patterns can be obtained in the optical regime. Here, we present the experimental demonstration of directional control of radiation from a nano-optical Yagi–Uda antenna composed of appropriately tuned gold nanorods.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 747
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Author Tassin, Philippe; Koschny, Thomas; Kafesaki, Maria; Soukoulis, Costas M.
Title A comparison of graphene, superconductors and metals as conductors for metamaterials and plasmonics Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages (down) 259-264
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Recent advancements in metamaterials and plasmonics have promised a number of exciting applications, in particular at terahertz and optical frequencies. Unfortunately, the noble metals used in these photonic structures are not particularly good conductors at high frequencies, resulting in significant dissipative loss. Here, we address the question of what is a good conductor for metamaterials and plasmonics. For resonant metamaterials, we develop a figure-of-merit for conductors that allows for a straightforward classification of conducting materials according to the resulting dissipative loss in the metamaterial. Application of our method predicts that graphene and high-Tc superconductors are not viable alternatives for metals in metamaterials. We also provide an overview of a number of transition metals, alkali metals and transparent conducting oxides. For plasmonic systems, we predict that graphene and high-Tc superconductors cannot outperform gold as a platform for surface plasmon polaritons, because graphene has a smaller propagation length-to-wavelength ratio.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 790
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Author Paiella, Roberto
Title Terahertz quantum cascade lasers: Going ultrafast Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 5 Issue Pages (down) 253–255
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract A new asynchronous coherent optical sampling method allows for the direct visualization of actively mode-locked quantum cascade laser pulses at terahertz wavelengths.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 774
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Author Nozaki, Kengo; Shinya, Akihiko; Matsuo, Shinji; Suzaki, Yasumasa; Segawa, Toru; Sato, Tomonari; Kawaguchi, Yoshihiro; Takahashi, Ryo; Notomi, Masaya
Title Ultralow-power all-optical RAM based on nanocavities Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages (down) 248-252
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Optical random-access memory (o-RAM) has been regarded as one of the most difficult challenges in terms of replacing its various functionalities in electronic circuitry with their photonic counterparts. Nevertheless, it constitutes a key device in optical routing and processing. Here, we demonstrate that photonic crystal nanocavities with an ultrasmall buried heterostructure design can solve most of the problems encountered in previous o-RAMs. By taking advantage of the strong confinement of photons and carriers and allowing heat to escape efficiently, we have realized all-optical RAMs with a power consumption of only 30 nW, which is more than 300 times lower than the previous record, and have achieved continuous operation. We have also demonstrated their feasibility in multibit integration. This paves the way for constructing a low-power large-scale o-RAM system that can handle high-bit-rate optical signals.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 786
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Author Hase, Muneaki; Katsuragawa, Masayuki; Constantinescu, Anca Monia; Petek, Hrvoje
Title Frequency comb generation at terahertz frequencies by coherent phonon excitation in silicon Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue Pages (down) 243–247
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract High-order nonlinear light–matter interactions in gases enable the generation of X-ray and attosecond light pulses, metrology and spectroscopy1. Optical nonlinearities in solid-state materials are particularly interesting for combining optical and electronic functions for high-bandwidth information processing2. Third-order nonlinear optical processes in silicon have been used to process optical signals with bandwidths greater than 1 GHz (ref. 2). However, fundamental physical processes for a silicon-based optical modulator in the terahertz bandwidth range have not yet been explored. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast phononic modulation of the optical index of silicon by irradiation with intense few-cycle femtosecond pulses. The anisotropic reflectivity modulation by the resonant Raman susceptibility at the fundamental frequency of the longitudinal optical phonon of silicon (15.6 THz) generates a frequency comb up to seventh order. All-optical >100 THz frequency comb generation is realized by harnessing the coherent atomic motion of the silicon crystalline lattice at its highest mechanical frequency.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 794
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Author Ulhaq, A.; Weiler, S.; Ulrich, S. M.; Roßbach, R.; Jetter, M.; Michler, P.
Title Cascaded single-photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands of a quantum dot Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages (down) 238-242
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Emission from a resonantly excited quantum emitter is a fascinating research topic within the field of quantum optics and is a useful source for different types of quantum light fields. The resonance spectrum consists of a single spectral line that develops into a triplet above saturation of the quantum emitter. The three closely spaced photon channels from the resonance fluorescence have different photon statistical signatures. We present a detailed photon statistics analysis of the resonance fluorescence emission triplet from a solid-state-based artificial atom, that is, a semiconductor quantum dot. The photon correlation measurements demonstrate both `single' and `cascaded' photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands. The bright and narrow sideband emission (5.9 × 106 photons per second into the first lens) can be conveniently frequency-tuned by laser detuning over 15 times its linewidth (Δv ~ 1.0 GHz). These unique properties make the Mollow triplet sideband emission a valuable light source for quantum light spectroscopy and quantum information applications, for example.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 788
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Author Usmani, Imam; Clausen, Christoph; Bussières, Félix; Sangouard, Nicolas; Afzelius, Mikael; Gisin, Nicolas
Title Heralded quantum entanglement between two crystals Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages (down) 234-237
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Quantum networks must have the crucial ability to entangle quantum nodes. A prominent example is the quantum repeater, which allows the distance barrier of direct transmission of single photons to be overcome, provided remote quantum memories can be entangled in a heralded fashion. Here, we report the observation of heralded entanglement between two ensembles of rare-earth ions doped into separate crystals. A heralded single photon is sent through a 50/50 beamsplitter, creating a single-photon entangled state delocalized between two spatial modes. The quantum state of each mode is subsequently mapped onto a crystal, leading to an entangled state consisting of a single collective excitation delocalized between two crystals. This entanglement is revealed by mapping it back to optical modes and by estimating the concurrence of the retrieved light state. Our results highlight the potential of crystals doped with rare-earth ions for entangled quantum nodes and bring quantum networks based on solid-state resources one step closer.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 793
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Author Brida, G.; Genovese, M.; Ruo Berchera, I.
Title Experimental realization of sub-shot-noise quantum imaging Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages (down) 227-230
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract The properties of quantum states have led to the development of new technologies, ranging from quantum information to quantum metrology. A recent field of research to emerge is quantum imaging, which aims to overcome the limits of classical imaging by making use of the spatial properties of quantum states of light . In particular, quantum correlations between twin beams represent a fundamental resource for these studies. One of the most interesting proposed schemes takes advantage of the spatial quantum correlations between parametric down-conversion light beams to realize sub-shot-noise imaging of weak absorbing objects, leading ideally to noise-free imaging. Here, we present the first experimental realization of this scheme, showing its potential to achieve a larger signal-to-noise ratio than classical imaging methods. This work represents the starting point for this quantum technology, which we anticipate will have applications when there is a requirement for low-photon-flux illumination (for example for use with biological samples).
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 771
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Author Tang, Liang; Kocabas, Sukru Ekin; Latif, Salman; Okyay, Ali K.; Ly-Gagnon, Dany-Sebastien; Saraswat, Krishna C.; Miller, David A. B.
Title Nanometre-scale germanium photodetector enhanced by a near-infrared dipole antenna Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal
Volume 2 Issue Pages (down) 226-229
Keywords optical antennas
Abstract A critical challenge for the convergence of optics and electronics is that the micrometre scale of optics is significantly larger than the nanometre scale of modern electronic devices. In the conversion from photons to electrons by photodetectors, this size incompatibility often leads to substantial penalties in power dissipation, area, latency and noise. A photodetector can be made smaller by using a subwavelength active region; however, this can result in very low responsivity because of the diffraction limit of the light. Here we exploit the idea of a half-wave Hertz dipole antenna (length approx 380 nm) from radio waves, but at near-infrared wavelengths (length approx 1.3 microm), to concentrate radiation into a nanometre-scale germanium photodetector. This gives a polarization contrast of a factor of 20 in the resulting photocurrent in the subwavelength germanium element, which has an active volume of 0.00072 microm3, a size that is two orders of magnitude smaller than previously demonstrated detectors at such wavelengths.
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Call Number Serial 858
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