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Author | Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Semenov, A.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Photon switching statistics in multistrip superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 28 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 1-4 |
Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
Abstract | We study photon count statistics in superconducting single-photon detectors consisting of up to 70 narrow superconducting strips connected in parallel. Using interarrival time analysis, we demonstrate that our samples are operated in the “arm-trigger” regime and require up to seven subsequently absorbed photons to form a resistive state in the whole sample. We also performed numerical simulation of the light and dark count rates versus detector bias current, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. | ||||
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ISSN | 1051-8223 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1304 | |||
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Author | Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Superconducting thin film as infrared heterodyne and direct detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | 16th ISEC | Abbreviated Journal | 16th ISEC |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-3 | ||
Keywords | optical waveguide SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
Abstract | We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chip-quantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | 8314188 | Serial | 1323 | ||
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Author | Trifonov, A.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Grimes, P.; Lobanov, Y.; Kaurova, N.; Blundell, R.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Development of a silicon membrane-based multipixel hot electron bolometer receiver | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-5 |
Keywords | Multi-pixel, NbN HEB, silicon-on-insulator, horn array | ||||
Abstract | We report on the development of a multipixel hot electron bolometer (HEB) receiver fabricated using silicon membrane technology. The receiver comprises a 2 × 2 array of four HEB mixers, fabricated on a single chip. The HEB mixer chip is based on a superconducting NbN thin-film deposited on top of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The thicknesses of the device layer and handling layer of the SOI substrate are 20 and 300 μm, respectively. The thickness of the device layer is chosen such that it corresponds to a quarter-wave in silicon at 1.35 THz. The HEB mixer is integrated with a bow-tie antenna structure, in turn designed for coupling to a circular waveguide, fed by a monolithic drilled smooth-walled horn array. | ||||
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ISSN | 1051-8223 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1324 | |||
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Author | Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Vdovichev, S.; Moshkova, M.; Simonov, N.; Kaurova, N.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Comparison of hot spot formation in nbn and mon thin superconducting films after photon absorption | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-4 |
Keywords | MoNx SSPD | ||||
Abstract | In superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD), the efficiency of local suppression of superconductivity and hotspot formation is controlled by diffusivity and electron-phonon interaction time. Here, we selected a material, 3.6-nm-thick MoNx film, which features diffusivity close to those of NbN traditionally used for SSPD fabrication, but with electron-phonon interaction time an order of magnitude larger. In MoN ∞ detectors, we study the dependence of detection efficiency on bias current, photon energy, and strip width, and compare it with NbN SSPD. We observe nonlinear current-energy dependence in MoNx SSPD and more pronounced plateaus in dependences of detection efficiency on bias current, which we attribute to longer electron-phonon interaction time. | ||||
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ISSN | 1051-8223 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1325 | |||
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Author | Trifonov, A.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Lobanov, Y.; Kaurova, N.; Blundell, R.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Photon absorption near the gap frequency in a hot electron bolometer | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1-4 |
Keywords | NBN HEB mixer | ||||
Abstract | The superconducting energy gap is a fundamental characteristic of a superconducting film, which, together with the applied pump power and the biasing setup, defines the instantaneous resistive state of the Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB) mixer at any given bias point on the I-V curve. In this paper we report on a series of experiments, in which we subjected the HEB to radiation over a wide frequency range along with parallel microwave injection. We have observed three distinct regimes of operation of the HEB, depending on whether the radiation is above the gap frequency, far below it or close to it. These regimes are driven by the different patterns of photon absorption. The experiments have allowed us to derive the approximate gap frequency of the device under test as about 585 GHz. Microwave injection was used to probe the HEB impedance. Spontaneous switching between the superconducting (low resistive) state and a quasi-normal (high resistive) state was observed. The switching pattern depends on the particular regime of HEB operation and can assume a random pattern at pump frequencies below the gap to a regular relaxation oscillation running at a few MHz when pumped above the gap. | ||||
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1558-2515 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1331 | |||
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Author | Kahl, O.; Ferrari, S.; Kovalyuk, V.; Vetter, A.; Lewes-Malandrakis, G.; Nebel, C.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Pernice, W. | ||||
Title | Spectrally resolved single-photon imaging with hybrid superconducting – nanophotonic circuits | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | arXiv | Abbreviated Journal | arXiv |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-20 | ||
Keywords | waiveguide SSPD, SNSPD, imaging | ||||
Abstract | The detection of individual photons is an inherently binary mechanism, revealing either their absence or presence while concealing their spectral information. For multi-color imaging techniques, such as single photon spectroscopy, fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, wavelength discrimination is essential and mandates spectral separation prior to detection. Here, we adopt an approach borrowed from quantum photonic integration to realize a compact and scalable waveguide-integrated single-photon spectrometer capable of parallel detection on multiple wavelength channels, with temporal resolution below 50 ps and dark count rates below 10 Hz. We demonstrate multi-detector devices for telecommunication and visible wavelengths and showcase their performance by imaging silicon vacancy color centers in diamond nanoclusters. The fully integrated hybrid superconducting-nanophotonic circuits enable simultaneous spectroscopy and lifetime mapping for correlative imaging and provide the ingredients for quantum wavelength division multiplexing on a chip. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1334 | |||
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Author | Korneeva, Y.; Sidorova, M.; Semenov, A.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S.; Mitsen, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Comparison of hot-spot formation in NbC and NbN single-photon detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 26 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 1-4 |
Keywords | NbC, NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
Abstract | We report an experimental investigation of the hot-spot evolution in superconducting single-photon detectors made of disordered superconducting materials with different diffusivity and energy downconversion time values, i.e., 33-nm-thick NbN and 23-nm-thick NbC films. We have demonstrated that, in NbC film, only 405-nm photons produce sufficiently large hot spot to trigger a single-photon response. The dependence of detection efficiency on bias current for 405-nm photons in NbC is similar to that for 3400-nm photons in NbN. In NbC, large diffusivity and downconversion time result in 1-D critical current suppression profile compared with the usual 2-D profile in NbN. | ||||
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ISSN | 1051-8223 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1348 | |||
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Author | Samsonova, A. S.; Zolotov, P. I.; Baeva, E. M.; Lomakin, A. I.; Titova, N. A.; Kardakova, A. I.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
Title | Signatures of surface magnetic disorder in niobium films | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2021 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 31 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1-5 |
Keywords | Nb films | ||||
Abstract | We present our studies on the evolution of the normal and superconducting properties with thickness of thin Nb films with a low level of non-magnetic disorder ( kFl≈150 for the thickest film in the set). The analysis of the superconducting behavior points to the presence of magnetic moments, hidden in the native oxide on the surface of Nb films. Using the Abrikosov-Gorkov theory, we obtain the density of surface magnetic moments of 1013 cm −2 , which is in agreement with the previously reported data for Nb films. | ||||
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ISSN | 1051-8223 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1792 | |||
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Author | Sobolewski, R.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Kouminov, P.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Drakinsky, V.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
Title | Ultrafast superconducting single-photon optical detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal | Proc. SPIE |
Volume | 5123 | Issue | Pages | 1-11 | |
Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
Abstract | We present a new class of single-photon devices for counting of both visible and infrared photons. Our superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are characterized by the intrinsic quantum efficiency (QE) reaching up to 100%, above 10 GHz counting rate, and negligible dark counts. The detection mechanism is based on the photon-induced hotspot formation and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconducting stripe. The devices are fabricated from 3.5-nm-thick NbN films and operate at 4.2 K, well below the NbN superconducting transition temperature. Various continuous and pulsed laser sources in the wavelength range from 0.4 μm up to >3 μm were implemented in our experiments, enabling us to determine the detector QE in the photon-counting mode, response time, and jitter. For our best 3.5-nm-thick, 10×10 μm2-area devices, QE was found to reach almost 100% for any wavelength shorter than about 800 nm. For longer-wavelength (infrared) radiation, QE decreased exponentially with the photon wavelength increase. Time-resolved measurements of our SSPDs showed that the system-limited detector response pulse width was below 150 ps. The system jitter was measured to be 35 ps. In terms of the counting rate, jitter, and dark counts, the NbN SSPDs significantly outperform their semiconductor counterparts. Already identifeid and implemented applications of our devices range from noninvasive testing of semiconductor VLSI circuits to free-space quantum communications and quantum cryptography. | ||||
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Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Spigulis, J.; Teteris, J.; Ozolinsh, M.; Lusis, A. | |
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Area | Expedition | Conference | Advanced Optical Devices, Technologies, and Medical Applications | ||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1513 | |||
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Author | Elezov, M. S.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Makarov, V. | ||||
Title | Development of the experimental setup for investigation of latching of superconducting single-photon detector caused by blinding attack on the quantum key distribution system | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | EPJ Web of Conferences | Abbreviated Journal | EPJ Web of Conferences |
Volume | 132 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 2 |
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Abstract | Recently bright-light control of the SSPD has been demonstrated. This attack employed a “backdoor†in the detector biasing scheme. Under bright-light illumination, SSPD becomes resistive and remains “latched†in the resistive state even when the light is switched off. While the SSPD is latched, Eve can simulate SSPD single-photon response by sending strong light pulses, thus deceiving Bob. We developed the experimental setup for investigation of a dependence on latching threshold of SSPD on optical pulse length and peak power. By knowing latching threshold it is possible to understand essential requirements for development countermeasures against blinding attack on quantum key distribution system with SSPDs. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ | Serial | 1116 | ||
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Author | Minaeva, O.; Fraine, A.; Korneev, A.; Divochiy, A.; Goltsman, G.; Sergienko, A. | ||||
Title | High resolution optical time-domain reflectometry using superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | Frontiers in Opt. 2012/Laser Sci. XXVIII | Abbreviated Journal | Frontiers in Opt. 2012/Laser Sci. XXVIII |
Volume | Issue | Pages | Fw3a.39 | ||
Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, Photodetectors; Fiber characterization; Light beams; Optical time domain reflectometry; Photon counting; Single mode fibers; Single photon detectors; Superconductors | ||||
Abstract | We discuss the advantages and limitations of single-photon optical time-domain reflectometry with superconducting single-photon detectors. The higher two-point resolution can be achieved due to superior timing performance of SSPDs in comparison with InGaAs APDs. | ||||
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Publisher | Optical Society of America | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1237 | |||
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Author | Trifonov, A.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Grimes, P.; Lobanov, Y.; Kaurova, N.; Blundell, R.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Development of A Silicon Membrane-based Multi-pixel Hot Electron Bolometer Receiver | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. | Abbreviated Journal | IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 6 |
Keywords | Multi-pixel, HEB, silicon-on-insulator, horn array | ||||
Abstract | We report on the development of a multi-pixel Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB) receiver fabricated using silicon membrane technology. The receiver comprises a 2 × 2 array of four HEB mixers, fabricated on a single chip. The HEB mixer chip is based on a superconducting NbN thin film deposited on top of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The thicknesses of the device layer and handling layer of the SOI substrate are 20 μm and 300 μm respectively. The thickness of the device layer is chosen such that it corresponds to a quarter-wave in silicon at 1.35 THz. The HEB mixer is integrated with a bow-tie antenna structure, in turn designed for coupling to a circular waveguide, |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ | Serial | 1111 | ||
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Author | Gershenzon, E. M.; Gogidze, I. G.; Goltsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. | ||||
Title | Picosecond response on optical-range emission in thin YBaCuO films | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1991 | Publication | Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki | Abbreviated Journal | Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Volume | 17 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 6-10 |
Keywords | YBCO HTS detectors | ||||
Abstract | Целью настоящей работы является целенаправленный поиск пико-секундного отклика на оптическое излучение выяснение оптимальных условий его наблюдения, а также сравнение характеристик неравновесных эффектов в оптическом и субмиллиметровом диапазонах. | ||||
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Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1684 | |||
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Author | Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Lyulkin, A. M.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. | ||||
Title | Limiting characteristics of fast-response superconducting bolometers | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1989 | Publication | Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki | Abbreviated Journal | Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Volume | 59 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 11-120 |
Keywords | HEB | ||||
Abstract | Теоретически и экспериментально исследовано физическое ограничение быстродействия сверхпроводящего болометра. Показано, что минимальная постоянная времени реализуется в условиях электронного разогрева и определяется процессом неупругого электрон-фонон-ного взаимодействия. Сформулированы требования к конструкции «электронного болометра» для достижения предельной чувствительности. Проведено сравнение характеристик электронного болометра и обычных болометров различных типов. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1696 | |||
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Author | Goltsman, G. | ||||
Title | Quantum-photonic integrated circuits | Type | Conference Article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Proc. IWQO | Abbreviated Journal | Proc. IWQO |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 22-23 | ||
Keywords | WSSPD, waveguide SSPD, SNSPD, quantum optics, integrated optics, superconducting nanowire single-photon detector | ||||
Abstract | We show the design, a history of development as well as the most successful and promising approaches for QPICs realization based on hybrid nanophotonic-superconducting devices, where one of the key elements of such a circuit is a waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector (WSSPD). The potential of integration with fluorescent molecules is discussed also. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1287 | |||
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