|
|
Gerecht, E., Musante, C. F., Wang, Z., Yngvesson, K. S., Mueller, E. R., Waldman, J., et al. (1996). Optimization of hot eleciron bolometer mixing efficiency in NbN at 119 micrometer wavelength. In Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. (pp. 584–600).
Abstract: We describe an investigation of a NbN HEB mixer for 2.5 THz. An intrinsic conversion loss of 23 dB has been measured with a two-laser measurement technique. The conversion loss was limited by the LO power available and is expected to decrease to 10 dB or less when sufficient LO power is available. For this initial experiment we used a prototype device which is directly coupled to the laser beams. We present results for a back-short technique that improves the optical coupling to the device and describe our progress for an antenna-coupled device with a smaller dimension. Based on our measured data for conversion loss and device output noise level, we predict that NbN HEB mixers will be capable of achieving DSB receiver noise temperatures of ten times the quantum noise limit in the THz range.
|
|
|
|
Jiang, L., Zhang, W., Yao, Q. J., Lin, Z. H., Li, J., Shi, S. C., et al. (2005). Characterization of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer. In Proc. PIERS (Vol. 1, pp. 587–590).
Abstract: In this paper, we report the performance of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB (hot electron bolome-ter) mixer measured at 500 GHz. The quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer is cryogenically cooled bya 4-K close-cycled refrigerator. Its receiver noise temperature and conversion gain are thoroughly investigatedfor different LO pumping levels and dc biases. The lowest receiver noise temperature is found to be approxi-mately 1200 K, and reduced to about 445 K after correcting theloss of the measurement system. The stabilityof the mixer’s IF output power is also demonstrated.
|
|
|
|
Antipov, S. V., Vachtomin, Y. B., Maslennikov, S. N., Smirnov, K. V., Kaurova, N. S., Grishina, E. V., et al. (2004). Noise performance of quasioptical ultrathin NbN hot electron bolometer mixer at 2.5 and 3.8 THz. In Proc. 5-th MSMW (Vol. 2, pp. 592–594). Kharkov, Ukraine.
Abstract: To put space-based and airborne heterodyne instruments into operation at frequencies above 1 THz the superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) will be incorporated into heterodyne receiver as a mixer. At frequencies above 1.3 THz the sensitivity of the NbN HEB mixers outperform the one of the Schottky diodes and SIS-mixers, and the receiver noise temperature of the NbN HEB mixers increase with frequency. In this paper we present the results of the noise temperature measurements within one batch of NbN HEB mixers based on 3.5 mn thick superconducting NbN film grown on Si substrate with MgO buffer layer at the LO frequencies 2.5 THz and 3.8 THz.
|
|
|
|
Zhang, J., Pearlman, A., Slysz, W., Verevkin, A., Sobolewski, R., Wilsher, K., et al. (2003). A superconducting single-photon detector for CMOS IC probing. In Proc. 16-th LEOS (Vol. 2, pp. 602–603).
Abstract: In this paper, a novel, time-resolved, NbN-based, superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) has been developed for probing CMOS integrated circuits (ICs) using photon emission timing analysis (PETA).
|
|
|
|
Gershenzon, E. M., & Gol'tsman, G. N. (1993). Hot electron superconductive mixers. In Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. (pp. 618–622).
|
|
|
|
Gol'tsman, G. N., Elant'iev, A. I., Karasik, B. S., & Gershenzon, E. M. (1993). Antenna – coupled superconducting electron-heating bolometer. In Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. (pp. 623–628).
Abstract: We propose a novel antenna-coupled superconducting bolometer based on electron-heating in the resistive state. A short narrow ultrathin super- conducting film strip (sized approximately 4x1x0.01 pm 3 ), which is in good thermal contact with the thermostat, serves as a resistive load for infrared or submillimeter current. In contrast to conventional isothermal super- conducting bolometers electron-heating ones can have a higher sensitivity which grows when filni. thickness is reduced. Response time of electron- heating bolometer does not depend on heat transfer from the film to the enviroment. To calculate the sensitivity (NEP), we have used experimental data on wideband Al, Nb and NbN bolometers which have the same un- derlying physical mechanism. The bolom.eters have been made in the form of a structure composed of a number of long narrow strips. The values of for Al, NEP have been found to be 1.5 . 113 -16 1 140 -15 ) and 2 . 10 – 14werT,-1/2 – Nb and NbN respectively. In the paper, the prospects are also discussed of improving the picosecond YBaCuO detector, developed recently. NEP value of the detector, if combined with a microantenna, can reach the order of 10- •ilz-v2.
|
|
|
|
Gershenzon, E. M., Goltsman, G. N., & Orlov, L. (1976). Investigation of population and ionization of donor excited states in Ge. In Physics of Semiconductors (pp. 631–634). North-Holland Publishing Co.
|
|
|
|
Schubert, J., Semenov, A., Hübers, H. - W., Gol'tsman, G., Schwaab, G., Voronov, B., et al. (1999). Broad-band terahertz NbN hot-electron bolometric mixer. In Inst. Phys. Conf. (Vol. 167, pp. 663–666).
|
|
|
|
Kawamura, J., Blundell, R., Tong, C. - Y. E., Papa, D. C., Hunter, T. R., Paine, St. N., et al. (2000). Superconductive hot-electron bolometer mixer receiver for 800 GHz operation (Vol. 48).
|
|
|
|
Smirnov, K., Korneev, A., Minaeva, O., Divochij, A., Rubtsova, I., Antipov, A., et al. (2006). Superconducting single-photon detector for near- and middle IR wavelength range. In Proc. 16th Int. Crimean Microwave and Telecommunication Technology (Vol. 2, pp. 684–685).
Abstract: Presented in this paper are the results of research of NbN-film superconducting single-photon detector. At 2 K temperature, quantum efficiency in the visible light (0.56 mum) reaches 30-40 %. With the wavelength increase quantum efficiency decreases and comes to 20% at 1.55 mum and 0.02% at 5.6 mum. Minimum dark counts rate is 2times10-4s-1. The jitter of detector is 35 ps. The detector was successfully implemented for integrated circuits non-invasive optical testing. It is also perspective for quantum cryptography systems
|
|
