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Author Ferrari, S.; Kovalyuk, V.; Hartmann, W.; Vetter, A.; Kahl, O.; Lee, C.; Korneev, A.; Rockstuhl, C.; Gol'tsman, G.; Pernice, W. openurl 
  Title Hot-spot relaxation time current dependence in niobium nitride waveguide-integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Opt. Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express  
  Volume 25 Issue 8 Pages (up) 8739-8750  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, photon counting; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Integrated optics; Multiphoton processes; Photon statistics  
  Abstract We investigate how the bias current affects the hot-spot relaxation dynamics in niobium nitride. We use for this purpose a near-infrared pump-probe technique on a waveguide-integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detector driven in the two-photon regime. We observe a strong increase in the picosecond relaxation time for higher bias currents. A minimum relaxation time of (22 +/- 1)ps is obtained when applying a bias current of 50% of the switching current at 1.7 K bath temperature. We also propose a practical approach to accurately estimate the photon detection regimes based on the reconstruction of the measured detector tomography at different bias currents and for different illumination conditions.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ Serial 1118  
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Author Gayduchenko, I.; Fedorov, G.; Titova, N.; Moskotin, M.; Obraztsova, E.; Rybin, M.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Towards to the development of THz detectors based on carbon nanostructures Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.  
  Volume 1092 Issue Pages (up) 012039 (1 to 4)  
  Keywords CVD graphene, carbon nanotubes, CNT, field effect transistors, FET, THz detectors  
  Abstract Demand for efficient terahertz radiation detectors resulted in intensive study of the carbon nanostructures as possible solution for that problem. In this work we investigate the response to sub-terahertz radiation of detectors with sensor elements based on CVD graphene as well as its derivatives – carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The devices are made in configuration of field effect transistors (FET) with asymmetric source and drain (vanadium and gold) contacts and operate as lateral Schottky diodes. We show that at 300K semiconducting CNTs show better performance up to 300GHz with responsivity up to 100V/W, while quasi-metallic CNTs are shown to operate up to 2.5THz. At 300 K graphene detector exhibit the room-temperature responsivity from R = 15 V/W at f = 129 GHz to R = 3 V/W at f = 450 GHz. We find that at low temperatures (77K) the graphene lateral Schottky diodes responsivity rises with the increasing frequency of the incident sub-THz radiation. We interpret this result as a manifestation of a plasmonic effect in the devices with the relatively long plasmonic wavelengths. The obtained data allows for determination of the most promising directions of development of the technology of nanocarbon structures for the detection of THz radiation.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1742-6588 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1302  
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Author Elezov, M. S.; Shcherbatenko, M. L.; Sych, D. V.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Development of control method for an optimal quantum receiver Type Conference Article
  Year 2020 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.  
  Volume 1695 Issue Pages (up) 012126  
  Keywords Helstrom bound, SPD, single photon detector, below quantum limit  
  Abstract We propose a method for optimal displacement controlling of an optimal quantum receiver for registrations a binary coherent signal. An optimal receiver is able to distinguish between two phase-modulated states of a coherent signal. The optimal receiver controlling method can be used later in practice in various physical implementations of the optimal receiver.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1742-6588 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1264  
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Author Shurakov, A.; Prikhodko, A.; Mikhailov, D.; Belikov, I.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Efficiency of a microwave reflectometry for readout of a THz multipixel Schottky diode direct detector Type Conference Article
  Year 2020 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.  
  Volume 1695 Issue Pages (up) 012156  
  Keywords Shottky diode, THz, direct detector, multipixel camera  
  Abstract In this paper we report on the results of investigation of efficiency of a microwave reflectometry for readout of a terahertz multipixel Schottky diode direct detector. Decent capabilities of the microwave reflectometry readout were earlier justified by us for a hot electron bolometric direct detector. In case of a planar Schottky diode, we observed increase of an optical noise equivalent power by a factor of 2 compared to that measured within a conventional readout scheme. For implementation of a multipixel camera, a microwave reflectometer is to be used to readout each row of the camera, and the row switching is to be maintained by a CMOS analog multiplexer. The diodes within a row have to be equipped with filters to distribute the probing microwave signal properly. The simultaneous use of analog multiplexing and microwave reflectometry enables to reduce the camera response time by a factor of its number of columns.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1742-6588 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1153  
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Author Seliverstov, S. V.; Rusova, A. A.; Kaurova, N. S.; Voronov, B. M.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Attojoule energy resolution of direct detector based on hot electron bolometer Type Conference Article
  Year 2016 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.  
  Volume 741 Issue Pages (up) 012165 (1 to 5)  
  Keywords NbN HEB detector  
  Abstract We characterize superconducting antenna-coupled NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) for direct detection of THz radiation operating at a temperature of 9.0 K. At signal frequency of 2.5 THz, the measured value of the optical noise equivalent power is 2.0×10-13 W-Hz-0.5. The estimated value of the energy resolution is about 1.5 aJ. This value was confirmed in the experiment with pulsed 1.55-μm laser employed as a radiation source. The directly measured detector energy resolution is 2 aJ. The obtained risetime of pulses from the detector is 130 ps. This value was determined by the properties of the RF line. These characteristics make our detector a device-of-choice for a number of practical applications associated with detection of short THz pulses.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Seliverstov_2016 Serial 1337  
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Author Polyakova, M. I.; Florya, I. N.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Extracting hot-spot correlation length from SNSPD tomography data Type Conference Article
  Year 2019 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.  
  Volume 1410 Issue Pages (up) 012166 (1 to 4)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, quantum detector tomography, QDT  
  Abstract We present data of quantum detector tomography for the samples specifically optimized for this problem. Using this method, we take results of hot-spot correlation length of 17 ± 2 nm.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1742-6588 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1273  
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Author Angeluts, A. A.; Bezotosnyi, V. V.; Cheshev, E. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Finkel, M. I.; Seliverstov, S. V.; Evdokimov, M. N.; Gorbunkov, M. V.; Kitaeva, G. Kh.; Koromyslov, A. L.; Kostryukov, P. V.; Krivonos, M. S.; Lobanov, Yu. V.; Shkurinov, A. P.; Sarkisov, S. Yu.; Tunkin, V. G. doi  openurl
  Title Compact 1.64 THz source based on a dual-wavelength diode end-pumped Nd:YLF laser with a nearly semiconfocal cavity Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Laser Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages (up) 015004 (1 to 4)  
  Keywords HEB applications, HEB detector applications, short THz pulses detection  
  Abstract We describe a compact dual-wavelength (1.047 and 1.053 μm) diode end-pumped Q-switched Nd:YLE laser source which has a number of applications in demand. In order to achieve its dual-wavelength operation it is suggested for the first time to use essentially nonmonotonous dependences of the threshold pump powers at these wavelengths on the cavity length in the region of the cavity semiconfocal configuration under a radius of the pump beam smaller than the radius of the zero Gaussian mode. Here we demonstrate one of the most interesting applications for this laser: difference frequency generation in a GaSe crystal at a frequency of 1.64 THz. A superconducting hot-electron bolometer is used to detect the THz power generated and to measure its pulse characteristics.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1076  
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Author Cherednichenko, Sergey; Drakinskiy, Vladimir; Berg, Therese; Khosropanah, Pourya; Kollberg, Erik openurl 
  Title Hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers for the Herschel Space Observatory Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Review of Scientific Instruments Abbreviated Journal Rev. Sci. Instrum.  
  Volume 79 Issue Pages (up) 034501  
  Keywords HEB mixer, HEB detector, HEB direct detector, applications  
  Abstract We report on low noise terahertz mixers(1.4–1.9THz) developed for the heterodyne spectrometer onboard the Herschel Space Observatory. The mixers employ double slot antenna integrated superconducting hot-electron bolometers (HEBs) made of thin NbN films. The mixer performance was characterized in terms of detection sensitivity across the entire rf band by using a Fourier transform spectrometer (from 0.5to2.5THz, with 30GHz resolution) and also by measuring the mixernoise temperature at a limited number of discrete frequencies. The lowest mixernoise temperature recorded was 750K [double sideband (DSB)] at 1.6THz and 950KDSB at 1.9THz local oscillator (LO) frequencies. Averaged across the intermediate frequency band of 2.4–4.8GHz, the mixernoise temperature was 1100KDSB at 1.6THz and 1450KDSB at 1.9THz LO frequencies. The HEB heterodyne receiver stability has been analyzed and compared to the HEB stability in the direct detection mode. The optimal local oscillator power was determined and found to be in a 200–500nW range.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 908  
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Author Ryzhii, V.; Otsuji, T.; Ryzhii, M.; Leiman, V. G.; Fedorov, G.; Goltzman, G. N.; Gayduchenko, I. A.; Titova, N.; Coquillat, D.; But, D.; Knap, W.; Mitin, V.; Shur, M. S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Two-dimensional plasmons in lateral carbon nanotube network structures and their effect on the terahertz radiation detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.  
  Volume 120 Issue 4 Pages (up) 044501 (1 to 13)  
  Keywords carbon nanotubes, CNT detectors, plasmons  
  Abstract We consider the carrier transport and plasmonic phenomena in the lateral carbon nanotube (CNT) networks forming the device channel with asymmetric electrodes. One electrode is the Ohmic contact to the CNT network and the other contact is the Schottky contact. These structures can serve as detectors of the terahertz (THz) radiation. We develop the device model for collective response of the lateral CNT networks which comprise a mixture of randomly oriented semiconductor CNTs (s-CNTs) and quasi-metal CNTs (m-CNTs). The proposed model includes the concept of the collective two-dimensional (2D) plasmons in relatively dense networks of randomly oriented CNTs (CNT “felt”) and predicts the detector responsivity spectral characteristics exhibiting sharp resonant peaks at the signal frequencies corresponding to the 2D plasmonic resonances. The detection mechanism is the rectification of the ac current due the nonlinearity of the Schottky contact current-voltage characteristics under the conditions of a strong enhancement of the potential drop at this contact associated with the plasmon excitation. The detector responsivity depends on the fractions of the s- and m-CNTs. The burning of the near-contact regions of the m-CNTs or destruction of these CNTs leads to a marked increase in the responsivity in agreement with our experimental data. The resonant THz detectors with sufficiently dense lateral CNT networks can compete and surpass other THz detectors using plasmonic effects at room temperatures.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1777  
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Author Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Slepneva, S.; Seleznev, V.; Chulkova, G.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Slysz, W.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Superconducting nanostructured detectors capable of single photon counting of mid-infrared optical radiation Type Conference Article
  Year 2005 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE  
  Volume 5957 Issue Pages (up) 59570A (1 to 9)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, single-photon detectors, superconductors, superconducting  
  Abstract We report on our progress in research and development of ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) based on ultrathin NbN nanostructures. Our SSPDs were made of the 4-nm-thick NbN films with Tc 11 K, patterned as meander-shaped, 100-nm-wide strips, and covering an area of 10×10 μm2. The detectors exploit a combined detection mechanism, where upon a single-photon absorption, a hotspot of excited electrons and redistribution of the biasing supercurrent, jointly produce a picosecond voltage transient signal across the superconducting nanostripe. The SSPDs are typically operated at 4.2 K, but their sensitivity in the infrared radiation range can be significantly improved by lowering the operating temperature from 4.2 K to 2 K. When operated at 2 K, the SSPD quantum efficiency (QE) for visible light photons reaches 30-40%, which is the saturation value limited by the optical absorption of our 4-nm-thick NbN film. With the wavelength increase of the incident photons,the QE of SSPDs decreases significantly, but even at the wavelength of 6 μm, the detector is able to count single photons and exhibits QE of about 10-2 %. The dark (false) count rate at 2 K is as low as 2x10-4 s,-1 which makes our detector essentially a background-limited sensor. The very low dark-count rate results in a noise equivalent power (NEP) below 10-18 WHz-1/2 for the mid-infrared range (6 μm). Further improvement of the SSPD performance in the mid-infrared range can be obtained by substituting NbN for another, lower-Tc materials with a narrow superconducting gap and low quasiparticles diffusivity. The use of such superconductors should shift the cutoff wavelength below 10 μm.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher SPIE Place of Publication Editor Rogalski, A.; Dereniak, E.L.; Sizov, F.F.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference Infrared Photoelectronics  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1458  
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