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Finkel, M. I., Maslennikov, S. N., & Gol'tsman, G. N. (2005). Terahertz heterodyne receivers based on superconductive hot-electron bolometer mixers. Radiophys. Quant. Electron., 48(10-11), 859–864.
Abstract: We consider recent results in development of hot-electron bolometer mixers. Special attention is paid to optimization of the contacts between the antenna and the active area of a superconducting film. An important result in the study of the parasitic effect of direct detection is obtained during the measurement of the noise temperatures by the hot/cold load method. The latest results of studies of the waveguide hot-electron bolometer mixers and their successful practical applications are considered. Progress in development of high-frequency (over 1.3 THz) heterodyne receivers for several important international projects is discussed and new submillimeter radio astronomy projects ESPRIT and SAFIR are described.
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Koshelets, V. P., Dmitriev, P. N., Ermakov, A. B., Filippenko, L. V., Koryukin, O. V., Torgashin, M. Y., et al. (2005). Integrated superconducting spectrometer for atmosphere monitoring. Radiophys. Quant. Electron., 48(10-11), 844–850.
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Hübers, H. - W., Semenov, A., Holldack, K., Schade, U., Wüstefeld, G., & Gol’tsman, G. (2005). Time domain analysis of coherent terahertz synchrotron radiation. Appl. Phys. Lett., 87(18), 184103 (1 to 3).
Abstract: The time structure of coherent terahertz synchrotron radiation at the electron storage ring of the Berliner Elektronensynchrotron und Speicherring Gesellschaft has been analyzed with a fast superconducting hot-electron bolometer. The emission from a single bunch of electrons was found to last ∼1500ps at frequencies around 0.4THz, which is much longer than the length of an electron bunch in the time domain (∼5ps). It is suggested that this is caused by multiple reflections at the walls of the beam line. The quadratic increase of the power with the number of electrons in the bunch as predicted for coherent synchrotron radiation and the transition from stable to bursting radiation were determined from a single storage ring fill pattern of bunches with different populations.
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Yagoubov, P., van de Stadt, H., Hoogeveen, R., Koshelets, V., Birk, M., & Murk, A. (2005). OPTICAL DESIGN OF SUB-MILLIMETER SPECTROMETER FOR LIMB SOUNDER. International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, .
Abstract: TELIS (Terahertz and submm Limb Sounder) is a cooperation between DLR (Institute for Remote Sensing Technology, Germany), RAL (Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, UK) and SRON (National Institute for Space Research, the Netherlands), to build a three-channel balloon-borne heterodyne spectrometer for atmospheric research. The three receivers will operate simultaneously at 500 GHz (channel developed by RAL), at 550-650 GHz (SRON in collaboration with IREE), and at 1.8 THz (DLR). The balloon platform on which TELIS will fly also contains a Fourier transform spectrometer: MIPAS-B developed by the IMK (Institute of Meteorology and Climate research of the University of Karlsruhe, Germany). MIPAS-B will simultaneously measure within the range 680 to 2400 cm-1. The combination of the TELIS and MIPAS instruments will provide an unprecedented wealth of scientific data and will also be used to validate other instruments and atmospheric chemistry models. In this paper we present the optical design of TELIS with an emphasis on the 550-650 GHz channel. The main design goal was to generate a high efficiency antenna beam over the full frequency range, with low side lobes and close to diffraction limited angular resolution in the vertical direction at the sky. All these requirements had to be achieved within a small volume and low mass. Design and validation of the optics, as well as estimation of optical components tolerances, was done using commercial software packages ZEMAX and GRASP.
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de Graauw, T., Caux, E., Guesten, R., Helmich, F., Pearson, J., Phillips, T. G., et al. (2005). The Herschel-heterodyne instrument for the far-infrared (HIFI). In Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society (1219). Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 37.
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