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Korneev, A. A.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Larionov, P. A.; Manova, N. N.; Florya, I. N.; Trifonov, A. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Smirnov, K. V.; Semenov, A. V.; Chulkova, G. M.; Goltsman, G. N. |
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Title |
IR single-photon receiver based on ultrathin NbN superconducting film |
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2013 |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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5 |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our recent results in research and development of superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD). We achieved the following performance improvement: first, we developed and characterized SSPD integrated in optical cavity and enabling its illumination from the face side, not through the substrate, second, we improved the quantum efficiency of the SSPD at around 3 μm wavelength by reduction of the strip width to 40 nm, and, finally, we improved the detection efficiency of the SSPD-based single-photon receiver system up to 20% at 1550 nm and extended its wavelength range beyond 1800 nm by the usage of the fluoride ZBLAN fibres. |
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8 pages |
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RPLAB @ sasha @ korneevir |
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1043 |
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Kitaygorsky, J.; Zhang, J.; Verevkin, A.; Sergeev, A.; Korneev, A.; Matvienko, V.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Origin of dark counts in nanostructured NbN single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
2 |
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545-548 |
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SSPD dark counts, SNSPD, dark counts rate |
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We present our study of dark counts in ultrathin (3.5 to 10 nm thick), narrow (120 to 170 nm wide) NbN superconducting stripes of different lengths. In experiments, where the stripe was completely isolated from the outside world and kept at temperature below the critical temperature Tc, we detected subnanosecond electrical pulses associated with the spontaneous appearance of the temporal resistive state. The resistive state manifested itself as generation of phase-slip centers (PSCs) in our two-dimensional superconducting stripes. Our analysis shows that not far from Tc, PSCs have a thermally activated nature. At lowest temperatures, far below Tc, they are created by quantum fluctuations. |
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1057 |
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Zhang, Jin; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Response time characterization of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
180-183 |
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Keywords |
SSPD jitter, SNSPD jitter |
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We report our time-resolved measurements of NbN-based superconducting single-photon detectors. The structures are meander-type, 10-nm thick, and 200-nm wide stripes and were operated at 4.2 K. We have shown that the NbN devices can count single-photon pulses with below 100-ps time resolution. The response signal pulse width was about 150 ps, and the system jitter was measured to be 35 ps. |
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IEEE |
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1058 |
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Angeluts, A. A.; Bezotosnyi, V. V.; Cheshev, E. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Finkel, M. I.; Seliverstov, S. V.; Evdokimov, M. N.; Gorbunkov, M. V.; Kitaeva, G. Kh.; Koromyslov, A. L.; Kostryukov, P. V.; Krivonos, M. S.; Lobanov, Yu. V.; Shkurinov, A. P.; Sarkisov, S. Yu.; Tunkin, V. G. |
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Compact 1.64 THz source based on a dual-wavelength diode end-pumped Nd:YLF laser with a nearly semiconfocal cavity |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Laser Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015004 (1 to 4) |
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HEB applications, HEB detector applications, short THz pulses detection |
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Abstract |
We describe a compact dual-wavelength (1.047 and 1.053 μm) diode end-pumped Q-switched Nd:YLE laser source which has a number of applications in demand. In order to achieve its dual-wavelength operation it is suggested for the first time to use essentially nonmonotonous dependences of the threshold pump powers at these wavelengths on the cavity length in the region of the cavity semiconfocal configuration under a radius of the pump beam smaller than the radius of the zero Gaussian mode. Here we demonstrate one of the most interesting applications for this laser: difference frequency generation in a GaSe crystal at a frequency of 1.64 THz. A superconducting hot-electron bolometer is used to detect the THz power generated and to measure its pulse characteristics. |
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1076 |
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Shcheslavskiy, V.; Morozov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Yu.; Smirnov, K.; Becker, W. |
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Title |
Ultrafast time measurements by time-correlated single photon counting coupled with superconducting single photon detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Rev. Sci. Instrum. |
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Volume |
87 |
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Pages |
053117 (1 to 5) |
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SSPD, SNSPD, TCSPC, jitter |
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Time resolution is one of the main characteristics of the single photon detectors besides quantum efficiency and dark count rate. We demonstrate here an ultrafast time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) setup consisting of a newly developed single photon counting board SPC-150NX and a superconducting NbN single photon detector with a sensitive area of 7 × 7 μm. The combination delivers a record instrument response function with a full width at half maximum of 17.8 ps and system quantum efficiency ~5% at wavelength of 1560 nm. A calculation of the root mean square value of the timing jitter for channels with counts more than 1% of the peak value yielded about 7.6 ps. The setup has also good timing stability of the detector–TCSPC board. |
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1077 |
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Smirnov, A. V.; Baryshev, A. M.; de Bernardis, P.; Vdovin, V. F.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kardashev, N. S.; Kuz'min, L. S.; Koshelets, V. P.; Vystavkin, A. N.; Lobanov, Yu. V.; Ryabchun, S. A.; Finkel, M. I.; Khokhlov, D. R. |
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The current stage of development of the receiving complex of the millimetron space observatory |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
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54 |
Issue |
8 |
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557-568 |
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Millimetron space observatory, HEB applications |
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We present an overview of the state of the onboard receiving complex of the Millimetron space observatory in the development phase of its preliminary design. The basic parameters of the onboard equipment planned to create and required for astrophysical observations are considered. A review of coherent and incoherent detectors, which are central to each receiver of the observatory, is given. Their characteristics and limiting parameters feasible at the present level of technology are reported. |
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1079 |
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Khasminskaya, S.; Pyatkov, F.; Słowik, K.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Kovalyuk, V.; Rath, P.; Vetter, A.; Hennrich, F.; Kappes, M. M.; Gol'tsman, G.; Korneev, A.; Rockstuhl, C.; Krupke, R.; Pernice, W. H. P. |
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Fully integrated quantum photonic circuit with an electrically driven light source |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Nat. Photon. |
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Nat. Photon. |
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10 |
Issue |
11 |
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727-732 |
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Carbon nanotubes and fullerenes, Integrated optics, Single photons and quantum effects, Waveguide integrated single-photon detector |
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Photonic quantum technologies allow quantum phenomena to be exploited in applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum simulation and quantum computation. A key requirement for practical devices is the scalable integration of single-photon sources, detectors and linear optical elements on a common platform. Nanophotonic circuits enable the realization of complex linear optical systems, while non-classical light can be measured with waveguide-integrated detectors. However, reproducible single-photon sources with high brightness and compatibility with photonic devices remain elusive for fully integrated systems. Here, we report the observation of antibunching in the light emitted from an electrically driven carbon nanotube embedded within a photonic quantum circuit. Non-classical light generated on chip is recorded under cryogenic conditions with waveguide-integrated superconducting single-photon detectors, without requiring optical filtering. Because exclusively scalable fabrication and deposition methods are used, our results establish carbon nanotubes as promising nanoscale single-photon emitters for hybrid quantum photonic devices. |
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RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ |
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1105 |
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Tret'yakov, I. V.; Kaurova, N. S.; Voronov, B. M.; Anfert'ev, V. A.; Revin, L. S.; Vaks, V. L.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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The influence of the diffusion cooling on the noise band of the superconductor NbN hot-electron bolometer operating in the terahertz range |
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2016 |
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Tech. Phys. Lett. |
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42 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
563-566 |
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HEB, noise bandwidth, conversion gain bandwidth, noise temperature, Andreev reflection |
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Results of an experimental study of the noise temperature (Tn) and noise bandwidth (NBW) of the superconductor NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer as a function of its temperature (Tb) are presented. It was determined that the NBW of the mixer is significantly wider at temperatures close to the critical ones (Tc) than are values measured at 4.2 K. The NBW of the mixer measured at the heterodyne frequency of 2.5 THz at temperature Tb close to Tc was ~13 GHz, as compared with 6 GHz at Tb = 4.2 K. This experiment clearly demonstrates the limitation of the thermal flow from the NbN bridge at Tb â‰<aa> Tc for mixers manufactured by the in situ technique. This limitation is close in its nature to the Andreev reflection on the superconductor/ metal boundary. In this case, the noise temperature of the studied mixer increased from 1100 to 3800 K. |
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no |
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1106 |
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Shcherbatenko, M.; Tretyakov, I.; Lobanov, Yu.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Kaurova, N.; Finkel, M.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G.; Klapwijk, T. M. |
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Nonequilibrium interpretation of DC properties of NbN superconducting hot electron bolometers |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
109 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
132602 |
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HEB mixer, contacts |
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We present a physically consistent interpretation of the dc electrical properties of niobiumnitride (NbN)-based superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers, using concepts of nonequilibrium superconductivity. Through this, we clarify what physical information can be extracted from the resistive transition and the dc current-voltage characteristics, measured at suitably chosen temperatures, and relevant for device characterization and optimization. We point out that the intrinsic spatial variation of the electronic properties of disordered superconductors, such as NbN, leads to a variation from device to device. |
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1107 |
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Semenov, A. V.; Devyatov, I. A.; Ryabchun, S. A.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Maslennikova, A. S.; Larionov, P. A.; Voronov, B. M.; Chulkova, G. M. |
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Absorption of terahertz electromagnetic radiation in dirty superconducting film at arbitrary type of the spectral functions |
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2011 |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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10 |
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terahertz electromagnetic radiation; superconductors; detectors of terahertz range |
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A problem of absorption of high-frequency electromagnetic field in dirty superconductor is treated within Keldysh technic. Expression for the source term in the kinetic equation for quasiparticle distribution function is derived. The result is significant for deriving a consistent microscopic theory of superconducting detectors for terahertz frequency range, perspective detectors on kinetic inductance of current-biased superconducting strip and on Josephson inductance of tunnel. |
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1117 |
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Kahl, O.; Ferrari, S.; Kovalyuk, V.; Vetter, A.; Lewes-Malandrakis, G.; Nebel, C.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Pernice, W. |
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Spectrally multiplexed single-photon detection with hybrid superconducting nanophotonic circuits |
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2017 |
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Optica |
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Optica |
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4 |
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5 |
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557-562 |
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Waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detectors; Nanophotonics and photonic crystals; Quantum detectors; Spectrometers and spectroscopic instrumentation |
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The detection of individual photons by superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors is an inherently binary mechanism, revealing either their absence or presence while concealing their spectral information. For multicolor imaging techniques, such as single-photon spectroscopy, fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, wavelength discrimination is essential and mandates spectral separation prior to detection. Here, we adopt an approach borrowed from quantum photonic integration to realize a compact and scalable waveguide-integrated single-photon spectrometer capable of parallel detection on multiple wavelength channels, with temporal resolution below 50 ps and dark count rates below 10 Hz at 80% of the devices' critical current. We demonstrate multidetector devices for telecommunication and visible wavelengths, and showcase their performance by imaging silicon vacancy color centers in diamond nanoclusters. The fully integrated hybrid superconducting nanophotonic circuits enable simultaneous spectroscopy and lifetime mapping for correlative imaging and provide the ingredients for quantum wavelength-division multiplexing on a chip. |
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RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ |
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1119 |
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Peltonen, J. T.; Peng, Z. H.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Voronov, B. M.; Korneev, A. A.; Semenov, A. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Tsai, J. S; Astafiev, Oleg |
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Coherent dynamics and decoherence in a superconducting weak link |
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2016 |
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Physic. Rev. B, |
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Physic. Rev. B, |
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94 |
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180508 |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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1123 |
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Anosov, A. A.; Nemchenko, O. Yu.; Less, Yu. A.; Kazanskii, A. S.; Mansfel'd, A. D. |
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Possibilities of acoustic thermometry for controlling targeted drug delivery |
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2015 |
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Acoust. Phys. |
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61 |
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4 |
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488-493 |
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acoustic thermometry, liposome suspension, thermography |
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Model acoustic thermometry experiments were conducted during heating of an aqueous liposome suspension. Heating was done to achieve the liposome phase transition temperature. At the moment of the phase transition, the thermal acoustic signal achieved a maximum and decreased, despite continued heating. During subsequent cooling of the suspension, when lipids again passed through the phase transition point, the thermal acoustic signal again increased, despite a reduction in temperature. This effect is related to an increase in ultrasound absorption by the liposome suspension at the moment of the lipid phase transition. The result shows that acoustic thermography can be used to control targeted delivery of drugs mixed in thermally sensitive liposomes, the integrity of which is violated during heating to the phase transition temperature. |
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Anosov, A. A.; Barabanenkov, Yu. N.; Kazanskii, A. S.; Less, Yu. A.; Sharakshane, A. S. |
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The inverse problem of acoustothermography with correlation reception of thermal acoustic radiation |
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2009 |
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Acoust. Phys. |
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55 |
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1 |
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114-119 |
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acoustic thermography, acoustothermography |
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For the one-dimensional inverse problem of acoustothermography with correlation reception of thermal acoustic radiation, an integral equation is presented and experimentally verified. A method of solving the inverse problem is proposed. The method is based on combining the correlation functions of thermal acoustic radiation that were obtained for different distances between the receivers. |
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Baksheeva, K.; Ozhegov, R.; Goltsman, G.; Kinev, N.; Koshelets, V.; Kochnev, A.; Betzalel, N.; Puzenko, A.; Ben Ishai, P.; Feldman, Y. |
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The sub THz emission of the human body under physiological stress |
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2021 |
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IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. |
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IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. |
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skin sub-THz emission, medicine |
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We present evidence that in the sub-THz frequency band, human skin can be considered as an electromagnetic bio-metamaterial, in that its natural emission is a product of skin tissue geometry and embedded structures. Radiometry was performed on 32 human subjects from 480 to 700 GHz. Concurrently, the subjects were exposed to stress, while heart pulse rate (PS) and galvanic skin response (GSR) were also measured. The results are substantially different from the expected black body radiation signal of the skin surface. PS and GSR correlate to the emissivity. Using a simulation model for the skin, we find that the sweat duct is a critical element. The simulated frequency spectra qualitatively match the measured emission spectra and show that our sub-THz emission is modulated by our level of mental stress. This opens avenues for the remote monitoring of the human state. |
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