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Author Dorenbos, S. N.; Reiger, E. M.; Perinetti, U.; Zwiller, V.; Zijlstra, T.; Klapwijk, T. M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Low noise superconducting single photon detectors on silicon Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 93 Issue 13 Pages 131101  
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  ISSN (up) 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ s @ Serial 436  
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Author Floet, D. Wilms; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Gao, J. R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Resistive transition of niobium superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 73 Issue 19 Pages 2826  
  Keywords HEB  
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  ISSN (up) 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 543  
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Author Fedorov, G.; Kardakova, A.; Gayduchenko, I.; Charayev, I.; Voronov, B.M.; Finkel, M.; Klapwijk, T.M.; Morozov, S.; Presniakov, M.; Bobrinetskiy, I.; Ibragimov, R.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Photothermoelectric response in asymmetric carbon nanotube devices exposed to sub-terahertz radiation Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 103 Issue 18 Pages 181121 (1 to 5)  
  Keywords carbon nanotubes, CNT, THz radiation, SiO2 substrate  
  Abstract We report on the voltage response of carbon nanotube devices to sub-terahertz (THz) radiation. The devices contain carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are over their length partially suspended and partially Van der Waals bonded to a SiO2 substrate, causing a difference in thermal contact. We observe a DC voltage upon exposure to 140 GHz radiation. Based on the observed gate voltage and power dependence, at different temperatures, we argue that the observed signal is both thermal and photovoltaic. The room temperature responsivity in the microwave to THz range exceeds that of CNT based devices reported before. Authors thank Professor P. Barbara for providing the catalyst for CNT growth and Dr. N. Chumakov and V. Rylkov for stimulating discussions. The work was supported by the RFBR (Grant No. 12-02-01291-a) and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Contract No. 14.B25.31.0007). G.F. acknowledges support of the RFBR grant 12-02-01005-a.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1171  
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Author Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Tichelaar, F. D.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Grishin, E.; Gol’tsman, G.; Zorman, C. A.; Mehregany, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Monocrystalline NbN nanofilms on a 3C-SiC∕Si substrate Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 062504 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords NbN films, nanofilms  
  Abstract The authors have realized NbN (100) nanofilms on a 3C-SiC (100)/Si(100) substrate by dc reactive magnetron sputtering at 800°C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is used to characterize the films, showing a monocrystalline structure and confirming epitaxial growth on the 3C-SiC layer. A film ranging in thickness from 3.4to4.1nm shows a superconducting transition temperature of 11.8K, which is the highest reported for NbN films of comparable thickness. The NbN nano-films on 3C-SiC offer a promising alternative to improve terahertz detectors. For comparison, NbN nanofilms grown directly on Si substrates are also studied by HRTEM.

The authors acknowledge S. V. Svetchnikov at National Centre for HRTEM at Delft, who prepared the specimens for HRTEM inspections. This work was supported by the EU through RadioNet and INTAS.		  
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  ISSN (up) 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1425  
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Author Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Baryshev, A.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Kooi, J. W.; Jellema, W.; Yang, Z. Q. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Full characterization and analysis of a terahertz heterodyne receiver based on a NbN hot electron bolometer Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 100 Issue 7 Pages 074507  
  Keywords HEB  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN (up) 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ s @ Serial 385  
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Author Kooi, J. W.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Dieleman, P.; Baryshev, A.; de Lange, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title IF impedance and mixer gain of NbN hot electron bolometers Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 101 Issue 4 Pages 044511  
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  ISSN (up) 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ s @ Serial 445  
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Author Baselmans, J. J. A.; Baryshev, A.; Reker, S. F.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Influence of the direct response on the heterodyne sensitivity of hot electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.  
  Volume 100 Issue 8 Pages 084510 (1 to 7)  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract We present a detailed experimental study of the direct detection effect in a small volume (0.15μm×1μm×3.5nm) quasioptical NbN phonon cooled hot electron bolometer mixer at 673GHz. We find that the small signal noise temperature, relevant for an astronomical observation, is 20% lower than the noise temperature obtained using 300 and 77K calibration loads. In a separate set of experiments we show that the direct detection effect is caused by a combination of bias current reduction when switching from the 77 to the 300K

load in combination with the bias current dependence of the receiver gain. The bias current dependence of the receiver gain is shown to be mainly caused by the current dependence of the mixer gain.		  
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  ISSN (up) 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1442  
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Author Kooi, J. W.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Baryshev, A.; Schieder, R.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J.R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Stability of heterodyne terahertz receivers Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.  
  Volume 100 Issue 6 Pages 064904 (1 to 9)  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract In this paper we discuss the stability of heterodyne terahertz receivers based on small volume NbN phonon cooled hot electron bolometers (HEBs). The stability of these receivers can be broken down in two parts: the intrinsic stability of the HEB mixer and the stability of the local oscillator (LO) signal injection scheme. Measurements show that the HEB mixer stability is limited by gain fluctuations with a 1∕f spectral distribution. In a 60MHz noise bandwidth this results in an Allan variance stability time of ∼0.3s. Measurement of the spectroscopic Allan variance between two intermediate frequency (IF) channels results in a much longer Allan variance stability time, i.e., 3s between a 2.5 and a 4.7GHz channel, and even longer for more closely spaced channels. This implies that the HEB mixer 1∕f noise is strongly correlated across the IF band and that the correlation gets stronger the closer the IF channels are spaced. In the second part of the paper we discuss atmospheric and mechanical system stability requirements on the LO-mixer cavity path length. We calculate the mixer output noise fluctuations as a result of small perturbations of the LO-mixer standing wave, and find very stringent mechanical and atmospheric tolerance requirements for receivers operating at terahertz frequencies.  
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  ISSN (up) 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1444  
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Author Wild, W.; Kardashev, N. S.; Likhachev, S. F.; Babakin, N. G.; Arkhipov, V. Y.; Vinogradov, I. S.; Andreyanov, V. V.; Fedorchuk, S. D.; Myshonkova, N. V.; Alexsandrov, Y. A.; Novokov, I. D.; Goltsman, G. N.; Cherepaschuk, A. M.; Shustov, B. M.; Vystavkin, A. N.; Koshelets, V. P.; Vdovin, V.F.; de Graauw, T.; Helmich, F.; vd Tak, F.; Shipman, R.; Baryshev, A.; Gao, J. R.; Khosropanah, P.; Roelfsema, P.; Barthel, P.; Spaans, M.; Mendez, M.; Klapwijk, T.; Israel, F.; Hogerheijde, M.; vd Werf, P.; Cernicharo, J.; Martin-Pintado, J.; Planesas, P.; Gallego, J. D.; Beaudin, G.; Krieg, J. M.; Gerin, M.; Pagani, L.; Saraceno, P.; Di Giorgio, A. M.; Cerulli, R.; Orfei, R.; Spinoglio, L.; Piazzo, L.; Liseau, R.; Belitsky, V.; Cherednichenko, S.; Poglitsch, A.; Raab, W.; Guesten, R.; Klein, B.; Stutzki, J.; Honingh, N.; Benz, A.; Murphy, A.; Trappe, N.; Räisänen, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Millimetron—a large Russian-European submillimeter space observatory Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Exp. Astron. Abbreviated Journal Exp. Astron.  
  Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 221-244  
  Keywords Millimetron space observatory, VLBI, very long baseline interferometry  
  Abstract Millimetron is a Russian-led 12 m diameter submillimeter and far-infrared space observatory which is included in the Space Plan of the Russian Federation for launch around 2017. With its large collecting area and state-of-the-art receivers, it will enable unique science and allow at least one order of magnitude improvement with respect to the Herschel Space Observatory. Millimetron will be operated in two basic observing modes: as a single-dish observatory, and as an element of a ground-space very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) system. As single-dish, angular resolutions on the order of 3 to 12 arc sec will be achieved and spectral resolutions of up to a million employing heterodyne techniques. As VLBI antenna, the chosen elliptical orbit will provide extremely large VLBI baselines (beyond 300,000 km) resulting in micro-arc second angular resolution.  
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  ISSN (up) 0922-6435 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1402  
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Author Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Low noise NbN superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers at 1.9 and 2.5 THz Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 17 Issue 5 Pages S224-S228  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometer mixers (HEBs) have been realized with negligible contact resistance between the bolometer itself and the contact structure. Using a combination of in situ cleaning of the NbN film and the use of an additional superconducting interlayer of a 10 nm NbTiN layer between the Au of the contact structure and the NbN film superior noise temperatures have been obtained as low as 950 K at 2.5 THz and 750 K at 1.9 THz. Here we address in detail the DC characterization of these devices, the interface transparencies between the bolometers and the contacts and the consequences of these factors on the mixer performance.  
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  ISSN (up) 0953-2048 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 558  
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