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Tong, C. - Y. E., Kawamura, J., Todd, R. H., Papa, D. C., Blundell, R., Smith, M., et al. (2000). Successful operation of a 1 THz NbN hot-electron bolometer receiver. In Proc. 11th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. (pp. 49–59).
Abstract: A phonon-cooled NbN superconductive hot-electron bolometer receiver covering the frequency range 0.8-1.04 THz has successfully been used for astronomical observation at the Sub-Millimeter Telescope Observatory on Mount Graham, Arizona. This waveguide heterodyne receiver is a modified version of our fixed-tuned 800 GHz HEB receiver to allow for operation beyond 1 THz. The measured noise temperature of this receiver is about 1250 K at 0.81 THz, 560 K at 0.84 THz, and 1600 K at 1.035 THz. It has a 1 GHz wide IF bandwidth, centered at 1.8 GHz. This receiver has recently been used to detect the CO (9-8) molecular line emission at 1.037 THz in the Orion nebula. This is the first time a ground-based heterodyne receiver has been used to detect a celestial source above 1 THz.
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Semenov, A. D., Hübers, H. –W., Schubert, J., Gol'tsman, G. N., Elantiev, A. I., Voronov, B. M., et al. (2000). Frequency dependent noise temperature of the lattice cooled hot-electron terahertz mixer. In Proc. 11th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. (pp. 39–48).
Abstract: We present the measurements and the theoretical model on the frequency dependent noise temperature of a lattice cooled hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer in the terahertz frequency range. The experimentally observed increase of the noise temperature with frequency is a cumulative effect of the non-uniform distribution of the high frequency current in the bolometer and the charge imbalance, which occurs near the edges of the normal domain and contacts with normal metal. In addition, we present experimental results which show that the noise temperature of a HEB mixer can be reduced by about 30% due to a Parylene antireflection coating on the Silicon hyperhemispheric lens.
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Kardashev, N. S., Andreyanov, V. V., Buyakas, V. I., Vinogradov, I. S., Gvamichava, A. S., Kotik, A. I., et al. (2000). The Millimetron project. In Proc. Lebedev Phys. Institute (Vol. 228).
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Кардашев, Н. С., Андреянов, В. В., Буякас, В. И., Виноградов, И. С., Гвамичева, А. С., Котик, А. И., et al. (2000). Проект Миллиметрон. Труды ФИАН им. Лебедева, 228.
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Hansen, L., Jørgensen, H. E., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pedersen, K., Goudfrooij, P., & Linden-Vornle, M. J. D. (2000). ISO far-infrared observations of rich galaxy clusters III. Abell 2029, Abell 2052, Abell 2142. A&A, 362(1), 133–137.
Abstract: A sample of five rich galaxy clusters has been mapped by ISO at 60 μm, 100 μm, 135 μm, and 200 μm using the PHT-C camera. In previous papers Abell 2670 and Sersic 159-03 were discussed. Here we present the results for Abell 2029, Abell 2052, and Abell 2142. The conclusion of the survey is that the relatively small fields (approximate to 60 square are minutes) are structured with filaments or superpositions of point sources. In some cases point sources (approximate to 0.1 Jy) can be identified with cluster galaxies. An attempt to demonstrate infrared emission from dust in the cooling flows (due to star formation) was inconclusive.
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