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Author Karasik, B. S.; Elantiev, A. I.
Title Analysis of the noise performance of a hot-electron superconducting bolometer mixer Type Conference Article
Year 1995 Publication Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 229-246
Keywords HEB mixers
Abstract A theoretical analysis for the noise temperature of hot–electron superconducting mixer has been presented. Thecontributions of both Johnson noise and electron temperature fluctuations have been evaluated. A set of criteriaensuring low noise performance of the mixer has been stated and a simple analytic expression for the noisetemperature of the mixer device has been suggested. It has been shown that an improvement of the mixer sensitivitydoes not necessarily follow by a decrease of the bandwidth. An SSB noise temperature limit due to the intrinsic noisemechanisms has been estimated to be as low as 40–90 K for a mixer device made from Nb or NbN thin film.Furthermore, the conversion gain bandwidth can be as wide as is allowed by the intrinsic electron temperaturerelaxation time if an appropriate choice of the mixer resistance has been made. The intrinsic mixer noise bandwidthis of 3 GHz for Nb device and of 5 GHz for NbN device. An additional improvement of the theory has been madewhen a distinction between the impedance measured at high intermediate frequency (larger than the mixerbandwidth) and the mixer ohmic resistance has been taken into account.Recently obtained experimental data on Nb and NbNbolometer mixer devices are viewed in connection with thetheoretical predictions.The noise temperature limit has also been specified for the mixer device where an outdiffusion coolingmechanism rather than the electron–phonon energy relaxation determines the mixer bandwidth. A consideration ofthe noise performance of a bolometer mixer made from YBaCuO film utilizing a hot–electron effect has been done.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Pasadena, Ca Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 258
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Author Wyss, R. A.; Karasik, B. S.; McGrath, W. R.; Bamble, B.; LeDuc, H.
Title Noise and bandwidth measurements of diffusion–cooled Nb hot–electron bolometer mixers at frequencies above the superconductive energy gap Type Conference Article
Year 1999 Publication Proc. 10th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 215-229
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Charlottesville, Virginia Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ qoheb_Tn_1250_at_1p1 Serial 293
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Author Gershenson, M. E.; Gong, D.; Sato, T.; Karasik, B. S.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Millisecond electron-phonon relaxation in ultrathin disordered metal films at millikelvin temperatures Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 79 Issue (up) Pages 2049-2051
Keywords HEB detector, FIR, far infrared
Abstract
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ heb_eph_interaction_Gershenzon Serial 315
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Author Karasik, B. S.; Il'in, K. S.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Pechen', E. V.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S. I.
Title Electron-phonon scattering rate in impure NbC films Type Abstract
Year 1998 Publication NASA/ADS Abbreviated Journal NASA/ADS
Volume Issue (up) Pages Y35.08
Keywords NbC films
Abstract The study of the electron-phonon interaction in thin (20 nm) NbC films with electron mean free path l=2-13 nm gives an evidence that electron scattering is significantly modified due to the interference between electron-phonon and elastic electron scattering from impurities. The interference ~T^2-term, which is proportional to the residual resistivity, dominates over the Bloch-Grüneisen contribution to resistivity at low temperatures up to 60 K. The electron energy relaxation rate is directly measured via the relaxation of hot electrons heated by modulated electromagnetic radiation. In the temperature range 1.5 – 10 K the relaxation rate shows a weak dependence on the electron mean free path and strong temperature dependence T^n with the exponent n = 2.5-3. This behaviour is well explained by the theory of the electron-phonon-impurity interference taking into account the electron coupling with transverse phonons determined from the resistivity data.
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Area Expedition Conference American Physical Society, Annual March Meeting, March 16-20, 1998 Los Angeles, CA
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1591
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Author Trifonov, V. A.; Karasik, B. S.; Zorin, M. A.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Lindgren, M.; Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.
Title 9.6 μm wavelength mixing in a patterned YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film Type Conference Article
Year 1996 Publication Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 337-348
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB mixers
Abstract Hot-electron bolometric (HEB) mixing of 9.6 gm infrared radiation from two lasers in high-quality YBa2Cu307_3 (YBCO) patterned thin film has been demonstrated. A heterodyne measurement showed an intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidth of 18 GHz, limited by our measurement system. An intrinsic limit of 100 GHz is predicted. Between 0.1 and 1 GHz intermediate frequency, temperature fluctuations with an equivalent output noise temperature Tfl up to -150 K, contributed to the mixer noise while Johnson noise dominated above 1 GHz. The overall conversion loss at 77 K at low intermediate frequencies was measured to be -25 dB, of which 13 dB was due to the coupling loss. The IIEB mixer is very promising for use in heterodyne receivers within the whole infrared range.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1615
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Ekström, H.; Kollberg E.
Title Noise temperature of NbN hot—electron quasioptical superconducting mixer in 200-700 GHz range Type Abstract
Year 1995 Publication Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 268
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, noise temperature
Abstract The electron heating effect in superconducting films is becoming very attractive for the development of THz range mixers because of the absence of frequency limitations inherent in the bolometric mechanism. However, the evidence for the spectral dependence of the position of optimal operating point has been found recently for NbN thin film devices 1.2 • The effect is presumably attributed to the variation in the absorption of radiation depending on the frequency. Since the resistive state is not spatially uniform the coupling efficiency of the mixer device with radiation can be different for frequencies larger than Zeilh and those smaller than 2Alh (d is the effective superconducting gap in the resistive state). To study the effect more thoroughly we have investigated the noise temperature of quasioptical NbN mixer device with broken hue tapered slot antenna in the frequency range 200-700 GHz. The device consists of several (5-10) parallel strips 1 jim wide and 6-7 tun thick made from NbN film on Si0 2 -Si 3 N 4 -Si membrane. The strips are connected with the gold contacts of the slot-line antenna which serves both as bias and IF leads. We used backward wave oscillators as LO sources and a standard hot/cold load technique for noise temperature measurements. The frequency dependence of noise temperature is mainly determined by two factors: frequency properties of the antenna and frequency dependence of the NbN film impedance. To separate both factors we monitored the frequency dependence of the device responsivity in the detector mode at a higher temperature within the superconducting transition where the impedance of NbN film is close to its normal resistance. In this case the impedance of the device itself is frequency independent. The experimental results will be reported at the Symposium. 1. G. Gollsman, S. Jacobsson, H. EkstrOm, B. Karasik, E. Kollberg, and E. Gershenzon, “Slot-line tapered antenna with NbN hot electron mixer for 300-360 GHz operation,” Proc of the 5th Int. Symp. on Space Terahertz Technology, pp. 209-213a, May 10-12,1994. 2. B.S. Karasik, G.N. Gol i tsman, B.M. Voronov, S.I. Svechnikov, E.M. Gershenzon, H. Ekstrom, S. Jacobsson, E. Kollberg, and K.S. Yngvesson, “Hot electron quasioptical NbN superconducting mixer,” presented at the ASC94, submitted to IEEE Trans. on Appl. Superconductivity.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1627
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Author Ekström, H.; Karasik, B.; Kollberg, E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.
Title 350 GHz NbN hot electron bolometer mixer Type Conference Article
Year 1995 Publication Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 269-283
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract Superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer devices have been fabricated and measured at 350 GHz. The HEB is integrated with a double dipole antenna on an extended crystalline quartz hyper hemispherical substrate lens. Heterodyne measurement gave a -3 dB bandwidth, mainly determined by the electron- phonon interaction time, of about 680 and 1000 MHz for two different films with Tc = 8.5 and 11 K respectively. The measured DSB receiver noise temperature is around 3000 K at 800 MHz IF frequency. The main contribution to the output noise from the device is due to electron temperature fluctuations with the equivalent output noise temperature TFL-100 K. TH, has the same frequency dependence as the IF response. The contribution from Johnson noise is of the order of T. The RF coupling loss is estimated to be = 6 dB. The film with lower Tc, had an estimated intrinsic low-frequency conversion loss = 7 dB, while the other film had a conversion loss as high as 14 dB. The difference in intrinsic conversion loss is explained by less uniform absorption of radiation. Measurements of the small signal impedance shows a transition of the output impedance from the DC differential resistance Rd=dV/dI in the low frequency limit to the DC resistance R 0 =Uoff 0 in the bias point for frequencies above 3 GHz. We judge that the optimum shape of the IV-characteristic is more easily obtained at THz frequencies where the main restriction in performance should come from problems with the RF coupling.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1628
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Zorin, M. A.; Karasik, B. S.; Trifonov, V. A.
Title Nonequilibrium and bolometric response of YBaCuO films in a resistive state to infrared low intensity radiation Type Conference Article
Year 1994 Publication Council on Low-temp. Phys. Abbreviated Journal Council on Low-temp. Phys.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 82-83
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB
Abstract
Address Dubna
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation); 296 p; 1994; p. 82-83; 30. Conference on low-temperature physics; 30. Soveshchanie po fizike nizkikh temperatur; Dubna (Russian Federation); 6-8 Sep 1994
Notes Неравновесный и болометрический отклик YBaCuO пленок в резиотивном состоянии на инфракрасное лазерное излучение малой интенсивности Approved no
Call Number Serial 1632
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Author Karasik, B.S.; Milostnaya, I.I.; Zorin, M.A.; Elantev, A.I.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Gershenzon, E.M.
Title Subnanosecond S-N and N-S switching of YBCO film induced by current pulse Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 235-240 Issue (up) Pages 1981-1982
Keywords YBCO HTS switches
Abstract A transition of YBCO bridge 60 nm thick from superconducting to normal state induced by an abrupt current step has been studied. A subnanosecond stage has been observed during both S-N and N-S transition. The data obtained can be explained by hot-electron phenomena. On the basis of experimental results a prediction of picosecond switch performance has been made.
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1633
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Author Karasik, B. S.; Zorin, M. A.; Milostnaya, I. I.; Elantev, A. I.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Evidence of subnanosecond transition stage in S-N current switching of YBaCuO films Type Conference Article
Year 1994 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE
Volume 2160 Issue (up) Pages 74-82
Keywords YBCO HTS switches
Abstract We report on a study of S-N and N-S current switching in high quality YBaCuO films deposited onto ZrO2 and NdGaO3 substrates. The films 60-120 nm thick prepared by laser ablation were structured into single strips and were provided with gold contacts. We monitored the time dependence of the resistance upon application of the voltage step on the film. Experiment performed within certain ranges of voltage amplitudes and temperatures showed the occurrence of the fast stage both in S-N (shorter than 300 ps) and N-S transition. We discuss the mechanism of switching taking into account the hot electron phenomena in YBaCuO. The contributions of various thermal processes in the subsequent stage of the resistance dynamic are also discussed. The basic limiting characteristics (average dissipated power, minimum work done for switching, maximum repetition rate) of a picosecond switch which is proposed to be developed are estimated.
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Publisher SPIE Place of Publication Editor Buhrman, R.A.; Clarke, J.T.; Daly, K.; Koch, R.H.; Luine, J.A.; Simon, R.W.
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference Superconductive Devices and Circuits
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1638
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