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Author Merkel, H. F.; Yagoubov, P. A.; Kroug, M.; Khosropanah, P.; Kollberg, E. L.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Noise temperature and absorbed LO power measurement methods for NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers at terahertz frequencies Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 28th European Microwave Conf. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 28th European Microwave Conf.
Volume 1 Issue (up) Pages 294-299
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract In this paper the absorbed LO power requirements and the noise performance of NbN based phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric (HEB) quasioptical mixers are investigated for RF frequencies in the 0.55-1.1 range The minimal measured DSB noise temperatures are about 500 K at 640 GHz, 600 K at 750 GHz, 850 K at 910 GHz and 1250 K at 1.1 THz. The increase in noise temperature at 1.1THz is attributed to water absorption. The absorbed LO power is measured using a calorimetric approach. The results are subsequently corrected for lattice heating. These values are compared to results of a novel one dimensional hot spot mixer models and to a more traditional isotherm method which tends to underestimate the absorbed LO power for small bias powers. Typically a LO power between 50nW and 100nW is needed to pump the device to the optimal operating point.
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 28th European Microwave Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1580
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Author Gerecht, E.; Musante, C. F.; Jian, H.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Dickinson, J.; Waldman, J.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Yagoubov, P. A.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Measured results for NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers at 0.6-0.75 THz, 1.56 THz, and 2.5 THz Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 105-114
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1587
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Author Mann, C. M.; Matheson, D. N.; Ellison, B. N.; Oldfield, M. L.; Moyna, B. P.; Spencer, J. J.; Wilsher, D. S.; Maddison, B. J.
Title On the design and measurement of a 2.5 THz waveguide mixer Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 161
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ schottky_Tn_16800_at_2p5THz Serial 283
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Author Chouvaev, D.; Kuzmin, L.; Tarasov, M.; Sundquist, P.; Willander, M.; Claeson, T.
Title Normal metal hot-electron microbolometer with Andreev mirrors for THz space applications Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 331-335
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ det_metal_Andreev_Chouvaev_Shitov Serial 285
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Author Tetsu Suzuki; Chris Mann; Takanari Yasui; Hirotomo Fujishima; Koji Mizuno
Title Quasi–integrated planar Schottky barrier diodes for 2.5 THz receivers Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 187
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Abstract
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ schottky_Tn_24000_at_2p5THz Serial 284
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Author Maddison, B. J.; Martin, R. J.; Oldfield, M. L.; Mann, C. M.; Matheson, D. N.; Ellison, B. N.; Thornton, J.; Hall, W. J.; Lamarre, D. M.
Title A compact 500 GHz planar schottky siode receiver with a wide instantaneous bandwidth Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 367
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Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ schottky_Tn_4800_at_p5THz Serial 286
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Author Brown, Robert. L.
Title Technical specification of the Millimeter Array Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. SPIE, Advanced Technology MMW, Radio, and Terahertz Telescopes, vol. 3357 Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 231-237
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Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor Phillips, Thomas G.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Address is unknown Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ s @ ALMA_tech Serial 287
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Author Dahl, H.; Metz, H. J.; Wriedt, T.
Title Light scattering of silver halide crystals Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 3rd Workshop on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages 51-58
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Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Universität Bremen Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 504
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Author Dieleman, Piter
Title Fundamental limitations of THz niobium and niobiumnitride SIS mixers Type Book Whole
Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue (up) Pages
Keywords SIS
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Rijksuniversiteit, Groningen Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 529
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Author Kawamura, Jonathan; Blundell, Raymond; Tong, C.-Y. Edward; Papa, D. Cosmo; Hunter, Todd R.; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Cherednichenko, Sergei; Voronov, Boris; Gershenzon, Eugene
Title First light with an 800 GHz phonon-cooled HEB mixer receiver Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 35-43
Keywords HEB, mixer, LO power, local oscillator power, saturation effect, dynamic range
Abstract Phonon-cooled superconductive hot-electron bolometric (HEB) mixers are incorporated in a waveguide receiver designed to operate near 800 Gliz. The mixer elements are thin-film nio- bium nitride microbridges with dimensions of 4 nm thickness, 0.2 to 0.3 p.m in length and 2 jun in width. At 780 GHz the best receiver noise temperature is 840 K (DSB). The mixer IF bandwidth is 2.0 GHz, the absorbed LO power is —0.1 1.1W. A fixed-tuned version of the re- ceiver was installed at the Submillimeter Telescope Observatory on Mt. Graham, Arizona, to conduct astronomical observations. These observations represent the first time that a receiver incorporating any superconducting HEB mixer has been used to detect a spectral line of celes- tial origin.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Pasadena, California, USA Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 572
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Author Blundell, R.; Kawamura, J. H.; Tong, C. E.; Papa, D. C.; Hunter, T. R.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title A hot-electron bolometer mixer receiver for the 680-830 GHz frequency range Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 6-th Int. Conf. Terahertz Electron. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 6-th Int. Conf. Terahertz Electron.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 18-20
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract We describe a heterodyne receiver designed to operate in the partially transparent atmospheric windows centered on 680 and 830 GHz. The receiver incorporates a niobium nitride thin film, cooled to 4.2 K, as the phonon-cooled hot-electron mixer element. The double sideband receiver noise, measured over the frequency range 680-830 GHz, is typically 700-1300 K. The instantaneous output bandwidth of the receiver is 600 MHz. This receiver has recently been used at the SubMillimeter Telescope, jointly operated by the Steward Observatory and the Max Planck Institute for Radioastronomy, for observations of the neutral carbon and CO spectral lines at 810 GHz and at 806 and 691 GHz respectively. Laboratory measurements on a second mixer in the same test receiver have yielded extended high frequency performance to 1 THz.
Address Leeds, UK
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher IEEE Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 0-7803-4903-2 Medium
Area Expedition Conference IEEE Sixth International Conference on Terahertz Electronics Proceedings. THZ 98. (Cat. No.98EX171)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1581
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Author Yagoubov, P.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Schubert, J.; Hubers, H.-W.; Schwaab, G.; Gol’tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.
Title Performance of NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometric mixer at Terahertz frequencies Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 6-th Int. Conf. Terahertz Electron. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 6-th Int. Conf. Terahertz Electron.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 149-152
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract The performance of a NbN based phonon-cooled Hot Electron Bolometric (HEB) quasioptical mixer is investigated in the 0.65-3.12 THz frequency range. The device is made from a 3 nm thick NbN film on high resistivity Si and integrated with a planar spiral antenna on the same substrate. The in-plane dimensions of the bolometer strip are 0.2/spl times/2 /spl mu/m. The results of the DSB noire temperature are: 1300 K at 650 GHz, 4700 K at 2.5 TBz and 10000 K at 3.12 THz. The RF bandwidth of the receiver is at least 2.5 THz. The amount of LO power absorbed in the bolometer is about 100 nW. The mixer is linear to within 1 dB compression up to the signal level 10 dB below that of the LO. The intrinsic single sideband conversion gain is measured to be -9 dB, the total conversion gain -14 dB.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference IEEE Sixth International Conference on Terahertz Electronics Proceedings. THZ 98. (Cat. No.98EX171)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1582
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Author Schwaab, G.W.; Auen, K.; Bruendermann, E.; Feinaeugle, R.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Huebers, H.-W.; Krabbe, A.; Roeser, H.-P.; Sirmain, G.
Title 2- to 6-THz heterodyne receiver array for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE
Volume 3357 Issue (up) Pages 85-96
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, applications, stratospheric observatory, airborne
Abstract The Institute of Space Sensor Technology of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) is developing a heterodyne array receiver for the frequency range 2 to 6 THz for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Key science issues in that frequency range are the observation of lines of atoms [e.g. (OI)], ions [e.g. (CII), (NII)], and molecules (e.g. OH, HD, CO) with high spectral resolution to study the dynamics and evolution of galactic and extragalactic objects. Long term goal is the development of an integrated array heterodyne receiver with superconducting hot electron bolometric (HEB) mixers and p-type Ge or Si lasers as local oscillators. The first generation receiver will be composed of HEB mixers in a 2 pixel 2 polarization array which will be pumped by a gas laser local oscillator. Improved Schottky diode mixers are the backup solution for the HEBs. The state of the art of HEB mixer and p-type Ge laser technology are described as well as possible improvements in the ’conventional’ optically pumped far-infrared laser and Schottky diode mixer technology. Finally, the frequency coverage of the first generation heterodyne receiver for some important astronomical transitions is discussed. The expected sensitivity is compared to line fluxes measured by the ISO satellite.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher SPIE Place of Publication Editor Phillips, T.G.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference Advanced Technology MMW, Radio, and Terahertz Telescopes
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1583
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Author Svechnikov, S.; Verevkin, A.; Voronov, B.; Menschikov, E.; Gershenzon, E.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title Quasioptical phonon-cooled NbN hot electron bolometer mixers at 0.5-1.1 THz Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 45-51
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract The noise performance of a receiver incorporating spiral antenna coupled NbN phonon-cooled superconducting hot electron bolometric mixer is measured from 450 GHz to 1200 GHz. The mixer element is thin (thickness nm) NbN 1.5 pm wide and 0.2 i.um long film fabricated by lift-off e-beam lithography on high-resistive silicon substrate. The noise of the receiver temperature is 1000 K at 800-900 GHz, 1200 K at 950 GHz, and 1600 K at 1.08 THz. The required (absorbed) local-oscillator power is —20 nW.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1586
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Author Gousev, Yu. P.; Olsson, H. K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title NbN hot-electron mixer at radiation frequencies between 0.9 THz and 1.2 THz Type Conference Article
Year 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue (up) Pages 121-129
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract We report on noise temperature measurements for a NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron mixer at radiation frequencies between 0.9 THz and 1.2 THz. Radiation was coupled to the mixer, placed in a vacuum chamber of He cryostat, by means of a planar spiral antenna and a Si immersion lens. A backward-wave oscillator, tunable throughout the spectral range, delivered an output power of few 1.1W that was enough for optimum operation of the mixer. At 4.2 K ambient temperature and 1.025 THz radiation frequency, we obtained a receiver noise temperature of 1550 K despite of using a relatively noisy room-temperature amplifier at the intermediate frequency port. The noise temperature was fairly constant throughout the entire operation range and for intermediate frequencies from 1 GHz to 2 GHz.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1588
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