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Author Gol’tsman, G. N.; Smirnov, K.; Kouminov, P.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Drakinsky, V.; Zhang, J.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Fabrication of nanostructured superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 13 Issue (up) 2 Pages 192-195  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Fabrication of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors, based on the hotspot effect is presented. The hotspot formation arises in an ultrathin and submicrometer-width superconductor stripe and, together with the supercurrent redistribution, leads to the resistive detector response upon absorption of a photon. The detector has a meander structure to maximally increase its active area and reach the highest detection efficiency. Main processing steps, leading to efficient devices, sensitive in 0.4-5 /spl mu/m wavelength range, are presented. The impact of various processing steps on the performance and operational parameters of our detectors is discussed.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1558-2515 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1515  
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Author Smirnov, K.; Moshkova, M.; Antipov, A.; Morozov, P.; Vakhtomin, Y. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The cascade switching of the photon number resolving superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 31 Issue (up) 2 Pages 1-4  
  Keywords PNR SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract In this article, present the first detailed study of cascade switching in superconducting photon number resolving detectors. The detectors were made in the form of four parallel nanowires, coupled with the single-mode optical fiber and mounted into a closed-cycle refrigerator with a temperature of 2.1 K. We found out the value of additional false pulses (N cas.sw. ) appearing due to cascade switching and showed that it is possible to set up the detector bias current that corresponds to a high level of the detection efficiency and a low level of N cas.sw. simultaneously. We reached the detection efficiency of 60% and N cas.sw. = 0.3%.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1796  
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Author Słysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Zwiller, V.; Latta, C.; Böhi, P.; Pearlman, A.J.; Cross, A.S.; Pan, D.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Komissarov, I.; Verevkin, A.; Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minayeva, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Fibre-coupled, single photon detector based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for quantum communications Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication J. Modern Opt. Abbreviated Journal J. Modern Opt.  
  Volume 54 Issue (up) 2-3 Pages 315-326  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We present a novel, two-channel, single photon receiver based on two fibre-coupled, NbN, superconducting, single photon detectors (SSPDs). The SSPDs are nanostructured superconducting meanders and are known for ultrafast and efficient detection of visible-to-infrared photons. Coupling between the NbN detector and optical fibre was achieved using a micromechanical photoresist ring placed directly over the SSPD, holding the fibre in place. With this arrangement, we obtained coupling efficiencies up to ∼30%. Our experimental results showed that the best receiver had a near-infrared system quantum efficiency of 0.33% at 4.2 K. The quantum efficiency increased exponentially with the photon energy increase, reaching a few percent level for visible-light photons. The photoresponse pulses of our devices were limited by the meander high kinetic inductance and had the rise and fall times of approximately 250 ps and 5 ns, respectively. The receiver's timing jitter was in the 37 to 58 ps range, approximately 2 to 3 times larger than in our older free-space-coupled SSPDs. We stipulate that this timing jitter is in part due to optical fibre properties. Besides quantum communications, the two-detector arrangement should also find applications in quantum correlation experiments.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0950-0340 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1434  
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Author Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title GHz counting rate NbN single-photon detector for IR diagnostics of VLSI CMOS circuits Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Microelectronic Engineering Abbreviated Journal Microelectronic Engineering  
  Volume 69 Issue (up) 2-4 Pages 274-278  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, applications  
  Abstract We present a new, simple to manufacture superconducting single-photon detector operational in the range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared radiation wavelengths. The detector combines GHz counting rate, high quantum efficiency and very low level of dark (false) counts. At 1.3–1.5 μm wavelength range our detector exhibits a quantum efficiency of 5–10%. The detector photoresponse voltage pulse duration was measured to be about 150 ps with jitter of 35 ps and both of them were limited mostly by our measurement equipment. In terms of quantum efficiency, dark counts level, speed of operation the detector surpasses all semiconductor counterparts and was successfully applied for CMOS integrated circuits diagnostics.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0167-9317 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1511  
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Author Rasulova, G. K.; Pentin, I. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Khabibullin, R. A.; Klimov, E. A.; Klochkov, A. N.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Pulsed terahertz radiation from a double-barrier resonant tunneling diode biased into self-oscillation regime Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.  
  Volume 128 Issue (up) 22 Pages 224303 (1 to 11)  
  Keywords HEB, resonant tunneling diode, RTD  
  Abstract The study of the bolometer response to terahertz (THz) radiation from a double-barrier resonant tunneling diode (RTD) biased into the negative differential conductivity region of the I–V characteristic revealed that the RTD emits two pulses in a period of intrinsic self-oscillations of current. The bolometer pulse repetition rate is a multiple of the fundamental frequency of the intrinsic self-oscillations of current. The bolometer pulses are detected at two critical points with a distance between them being half or one-third of a period of the current self-oscillations. An analysis of the current self-oscillations and the bolometer response has shown that the THz photon emission is excited when the tunneling electrons are trapped in (the first pulse) and then released from (the second pulse) miniband states.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1262  
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Author Divochiy, A.; Misiaszek, M.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Zolotov, P.; Kolenderski, P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Single photon detection system for visible and infrared spectrum range Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Opt. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Opt. Lett.  
  Volume 43 Issue (up) 24 Pages 6085-6088  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We demonstrate niobium nitride based superconducting single-photon detectors sensitive in the spectral range 452-2300 nm. The system performance was tested in a real-life experiment with correlated photons generated by means of spontaneous parametric downconversion, where one photon was in the visible range and the other was in the infrared range. We measured a signal to noise ratio as high as 4x10(4) in our detection setting. A photon detection efficiency as high as 64% at 1550 nm and 15% at 2300 nm was observed.  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0146-9592 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.04273 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1227  
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Author Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Sobolewski, Roman; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. doi  openurl
  Title Detection efficiency of large-active-area NbN single-photon superconducting detectors in the ultraviolet to near-infrared range Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 80 Issue (up) 25 Pages 4687-4689  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QE  
  Abstract We report our studies on spectral sensitivity of meander-type, superconducting NbN thin-film single-photon detectors (SPDs), characterized by GHz counting rates of visible and near-infrared photons and negligible dark counts. Our SPDs exhibit experimentally determined quantum efficiencies ranging from ∼0.2% at the 1.55 μm wavelength to ∼70% at 0.4 μm. Spectral dependences of the detection efficiency (DE) at the 0.4 to 3.0-μm-wavelength range are presented. The exponential character of the DE dependence on wavelength, as well as its dependence versus bias current, is qualitatively explained in terms of superconducting fluctuations in our ultrathin, submicron-width superconducting stripes. The DE values of large-active-area NbN SPDs in the visible range are high enough for modern quantum communications.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 331  
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Author Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Matvienko, V.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Currie, M.; Lo, W.; Wilsher, K.; Zhang, J.; Słysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, Roman url  doi
openurl 
  Title Sensitivity and gigahertz counting performance of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 84 Issue (up) 26 Pages 5338-5340  
  Keywords SSPD, NEP, QE  
  Abstract We have measured the quantum efficiencysQEd, GHz counting rate, jitter, and noise-equivalentpowersNEPdof nanostructured NbN superconducting single-photon detectorssSSPDsdin thevisible to infrared radiation range. Our 3.5-nm-thick and 100- to 200-nm-wide meander-typedevices(total area 10310mm2), operating at 4.2 K, exhibit an experimental QE of up to 20% inthe visible range and,10% at 1.3 to 1.55mm wavelength and are potentially sensitive up tomidinfrareds,10mmdradiation. The SSPD counting rate was measured to be above 2 GHz withjitter,18 ps, independent of the wavelength. The devices’ NEP varies from,10−17W/Hz1/2for1.55mm photons to,10−20W/Hz1/2for visible radiation. Lowering the SSPD operatingtemperature to 2.3 K significantly enhanced its performance, by increasing the QE to,20% andlowering the NEP level to,3310−22W/Hz1/2, both measured at 1.26mm wavelength.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 532  
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Author Słysz, W.; Węgrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Zwiller, V.; Latta, C.; Bohi, P.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Antipov, A.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Gol’tsman, G.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Komissarov, I.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Fiber-coupled single-photon detectors based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for practical quantum cryptography and photon-correlation studies Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 88 Issue (up) 26 Pages 261113 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We have fabricated and tested a two-channel single-photon detector system based on two fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). Our best device reached the system quantum efficiency of 0.3% in the 1540-nm telecommunication wavelength with a fiber-to-detector coupling factor of about 30%. The photoresponse consisted of 2.5-ns-wide voltage pulses with a rise time of 250ps and timing jitter below 40ps. The overall system response time, measured as a second-order, photon cross-correlation function, was below 400ps. Our SSPDs operate at 4.2K inside a liquid-helium Dewar, but their optical fiber inputs and electrical outputs are at room temperature. Our two-channel detector system should find applications in practical quantum cryptography and in antibunching-type quantum correlation measurements.

The authors would like to thank Dr. Marc Currie for his assistance in early time-resolved photoresponse measurements and Professor Atac Imamoglu for his support. This work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science under Project No. 3 T11B 052 26 (Warsaw), RFBR 03-02-17697 and INTAS 03-51-4145 grants (Moscow), CRDF Grant No. RE2-2531-MO-03 (Moscow), RE2-2529-MO-03 (Moscow and Rochester), and US AFOSR FA9550-04-1-0123 (Rochester). Additional funding was provided by the grants from the MIT Lincoln Laboratory and BBN Technologies Corp.		  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1449  
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Author Glejm, A. V.; Anisimov, A. A.; Asnis, L. N.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Divochiy, A. V.; Egorov, V. I.; Kovalyuk, V. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Kynev, S. M.; Nazarov, Yu. V.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Rupasov, A. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Smirnov, M. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Kozlov, S. A. doi  openurl
  Title Quantum key distribution in an optical fiber at distances of up to 200 km and a bit rate of 180 bit/s Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 78 Issue (up) 3 Pages 171-175  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, applications  
  Abstract An experimental demonstration of a subcarrier-wave quantum cryptography system with superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) that distributes a secure key in a single-mode fiber at distance of 25 km with a bit rate of 800 kbit/s, a distance of 100 km with a bit rate of 19 kbit/s, and a distance of 200 km with a bit rate of 0.18 kbit/s is described.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1062-8738 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ Serial 940  
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Author Seliverstov, S.; Maslennikov, S.; Ryabchun, S.; Finkel, M.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Kaurova, N.; Vachtomin, Yu.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G. doi  openurl
  Title Fast and sensitive terahertz direct detector based on superconducting antenna-coupled hot electron bolometer Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 25 Issue (up) 3 Pages 2300304  
  Keywords HEB detector responsivity, HEB model, numerical calculations, numerical model  
  Abstract We characterize superconducting antenna-coupled hot-electron bolometers for direct detection of terahertz radiation operating at a temperature of 9.0 K. The estimated value of responsivity obtained from lumped-element theory is strongly different from the measured one. A numerical calculation of the detector responsivity is developed, using the Euler method, applied to the system of heat balance equations written in recurrent form. This distributed element model takes into account the effect of nonuniform heating of the detector along its length and provides results that are in better agreement with the experiment. At a signal frequency of 2.5 THz, the measured value of the optical detector noise equivalent power is 2.0 × 10-13 W · Hz-0.5. The value of the bolometer time constant is 35 ps. The corresponding energy resolution is about 3 aJ. This detector has a sensitivity similar to that of the state-of-the-art sub-millimeter detectors operating at accessible cryogenic temperatures, but with a response time several orders of magnitude shorter.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 953  
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Author Korneev, A. A.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Yu.; Pershin, Y. P.; Semenov, A. V.; Vodolazov, D. Yu.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Sivakov, A. G.; Devizenko, A. Yu.; Goltsman, G. N. doi  openurl
  Title Characterization of MoSi superconducting single-photon detectors in the magnetic field Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 25 Issue (up) 3 Pages 2200504 (1 to 4)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We investigate the response mechanism of nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) made of amorphous MoxSi1-x. We study the dependence of photon count and dark count rates on bias current in magnetic fields up to 113 mT at 1.7 K temperature. The observed behavior of photon counts is similar to the one recently observed in NbN SSPDs. Our results show that the detecting mechanism of relatively high-energy photons does not involve the vortex penetration from the edges of the film, and on the contrary, the detecting mechanism of low-energy photons probably involves the vortex penetration from the film edges.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ akorneev @ KorneevIEEE2015 Serial 991  
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Author Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Manova, N.; Larionov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Semenov, A.; Chulkova, G.; Vachtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Recent nanowire superconducting single-photon detector optimization for practical applications Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 23 Issue (up) 3 Pages 2201204 (1 to 4)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract In this paper, we present our approaches to the development of fiber-coupled superconducting single photon detectors with enhanced photon absorption. For such devices we have measured detection efficiency in wavelength range from 500 to 2000 nm. The best fiber coupled devices exhibit detection efficiency of 44.5% at 1310 nm wavelength and 35.5% at 1550 nm at 10 dark counts per second.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ akorneev @ KorneevIEEE2013 Serial 996  
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Author Moshkova, M.; Divochiy, A.; Morozov, P.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Antipov, A.; Zolotov, P.; Seleznev, V.; Ahmetov, M.; Smirnov, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title High-performance superconducting photon-number-resolving detectors with 86% system efficiency at telecom range Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication J. Opt. Soc. Am. B Abbreviated Journal J. Opt. Soc. Am. B  
  Volume 36 Issue (up) 3 Pages B20  
  Keywords NbN PNR SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract The use of improved fabrication technology, highly disordered NbN thin films, and intertwined section topology makes it possible to create high-performance photon-number-resolving superconducting single-photon detectors (PNR SSPDs) that are comparable to conventional single-element SSPDs at the telecom range. The developed four-section PNR SSPD has simultaneously an 86±3% system detection efficiency, 35 cps dark count rate, ∼2 ns dead time, and maximum 90 ps jitter. An investigation of the PNR SSPD’s detection efficiency for multiphoton events shows good uniformity across sections. As a result, such a PNR SSPD is a good candidate for retrieving the photon statistics for light sources and quantum key distribution systems.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0740-3224 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1225  
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Author Zolotov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Seleznev, V.; Morozov, P.; Smirnov, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Superconducting single-photon detectors made of ultra-thin VN films Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication KnE Energy Abbreviated Journal KnE Energy  
  Volume 3 Issue (up) 3 Pages 83-89  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We optimized technology of thin VN films deposition in order to study VN-based superconducting single-photon detectors. Investigation of the main VN film parameters showed that this material has lower resistivity compared to commonly used NbN. Fabricated from obtained films devices showed 100% intrinsic detection efficiency at 900 nm, at the temperature of 1.7 K starting with the bias current of 0.7·I  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1230  
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Author Smirnov, K.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Zolotov, P.; Antipov, A.; Seleznev, V. url  doi
openurl 
  Title NbN single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 31 Issue (up) 3 Pages 035011 (1 to 8)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract The possibility of creating NbN superconducting single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current was investigated. It was shown that the saturation increases for the detectors based on finer films with a lower value of Rs300/Rs20. The decreasing of Rs300/Rs20 was related to the increasing influence of quantum corrections to conductivity of superconductors and, in turn, to the decrease of the electron diffusion coefficient. The best samples have a constant value of system QE 94% at Ib/Ic ~ 0.8 and wavelength 1310 nm.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1232  
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Author Zinoni, C.; Alloing, B.; Li, L. H.; Marsili, F.; Fiore, A.; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, A.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Single-photon experiments at telecommunication wavelengths using nanowire superconducting detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 91 Issue (up) 3 Pages 031106 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, APD  
  Abstract The authors report fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors with specifications that exceed those of avalanche photodiodes, operating at telecommunication wavelength, in sensitivity, temporal resolution, and repetition frequency. The improved performance is demonstrated by measuring the intensity correlation function g(2)(τ) of single-photon states at 1300nm produced by single semiconductor quantum dots.

This work was supported by Swiss National Foundation through the “Professeur borsier” and NCCR Quantum Photonics program, FP6 STREP “SINPHONIA” (Contract No. NMP4-CT-2005-16433), IP “QAP” (Contract No. 15848), NOE “ePIXnet,” and the Italian MIUR-FIRB program.		  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Erratum: 1395 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1396  
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Author Jukna, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Pan, D.; Cross, A.; Perlman, A.; Komissarov, I.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. doi  openurl
  Title Dynamics of hotspot formation in nanostructured superconducting stripes excited with single photons Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Acta Physica Polonica A Abbreviated Journal Acta Physica Polonica A  
  Volume 113 Issue (up) 3 Pages 955-958  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Dynamics of a resistive hotspot formation by near-infrared-wavelength single photons in nanowire-type superconducting NbN stripes was investigated. Numerical simulations of ultrafast thermalization of photon-excited nonequilibrium quasiparticles, their multiplication and out-diffusion from a site of the photon absorption demonstrate that 1.55 μm wavelength photons create in an ultrathin, two-dimensional superconducting film a resistive hotspot with the diameter which depends on the photon energy, and the nanowire temperature and biasing conditions. Our hotspot model indicates that under the subcritical current bias of the 2D stripe, the electric field penetrates the superconductor at the hotspot boundary, leading to suppression of the stripe superconducting properties and accelerated development of a voltage transient across the stripe.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1414  
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Author Antipov, S. V.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Finkel, M. I.; Goltsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M. url  openurl
  Title Noise temperature of quasioptical NbN hot electron bolometer mixers at 900 GHz Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Physics of Vibrations Abbreviated Journal Physics of Vibrations  
  Volume 9 Issue (up) 4 Pages 242-245  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1069-1227 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1550  
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Author Semenov, A. V.; Devyatov, I. A.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Melnikov, A. P. url  openurl
  Title Derivation of expression for thermodynamic potential of “dirty” superconductor Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Rus. J. Radio Electron. Abbreviated Journal Rus. J. Radio Electron.  
  Volume Issue (up) 4 Pages  
  Keywords dirty superconductor, Usadel theory, thermodynamic potential  
  Abstract We derive a formula for thermodynamic potential of dirty superconductor which express it via isotropic quasiclassical Green functions of Usadel theory. Our result allows unify description of dynamic processes and fluctuations in superconducting nano-electronic devices.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Russian Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 7 pages Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1824  
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Author Korneev, A. A.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Larionov, P. A.; Manova, N. N.; Florya, I. N.; Trifonov, A. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Smirnov, K. V.; Semenov, A. V.; Chulkova, G. M.; Goltsman, G. N. url  openurl
  Title IR single-photon receiver based on ultrathin NbN superconducting film Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Rus. J. Radio Electron. Abbreviated Journal Rus. J. Radio Electron.  
  Volume Issue (up) 5 Pages  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We present our recent results in research and development of superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD). We achieved the following performance improvement: first, we developed and characterized SSPD integrated in optical cavity and enabling its illumination from the face side, not through the substrate, second, we improved the quantum efficiency of the SSPD at around 3 μm wavelength by reduction of the strip width to 40 nm, and, finally, we improved the detection efficiency of the SSPD-based single-photon receiver system up to 20% at 1550 nm and extended its wavelength range beyond 1800 nm by the usage of the fluoride ZBLAN fibres.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Russian Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 8 pages Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ korneevir Serial 1043  
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Author Smirnov, K. V.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Sidorova, M. V.; Karpova, U. V.; Morozov, P. V.; Seleznev, V. A.; Zotova, A. N.; Vodolazov, D. Y. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Rise time of voltage pulses in NbN superconducting single photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 109 Issue (up) 5 Pages 052601  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We have found experimentally that the rise time of voltage pulse in NbN superconducting single photon detectors increases nonlinearly with increasing the length of the detector L. The effect is connected with dependence of resistance of the detector Rn, which appears after photon absorption, on its kinetic inductance Lk and, hence, on the length of the detector. This conclusion is confirmed by our calculations in the framework of two temperature model.

D.Yu.V. acknowledges the support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 15-42-02365). K.V.S. acknowledges the financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Contract No. 3.2655.2014/K).		  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1236  
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Korneev, A.; Rubtsova, I.; Milostnaya, I.; Chulkova, G.; Minaeva, O.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Słysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors for near-infrared-wavelength quantum communications Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Phys. Stat. Sol. (C) Abbreviated Journal Phys. Stat. Sol. (C)  
  Volume 2 Issue (up) 5 Pages 1480-1488  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We present our progress on the research and development of NbN superconducting single‐photon detectors (SSPD's) for ultrafast counting of near‐infrared photons for secure quantum communications. Our SSPD's operate in the quantum detection mode based on the photon‐induced hotspot formation and subsequent development of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron‐width superconducting stripe. The devices are fabricated from 4‐nm‐thick NbN films and kept in the 4.2‐ to 2‐K temperature range. The detector experimental quantum efficiency in the photon‐counting mode reaches above 40% for the visible light and up to 30% in the 1.3‐ to 1.55‐µm wavelength range with dark counts below 0.01 per second. The experimental real‐time counting rate is above 2 GHz and is limited by our readout electronics. The SSPD's timing jitter is below 18 ps, and the best‐measured value of the noise‐equivalent power (NEP) is 5 × 10–21 W/Hz1/2 at 1.3 µm. In terms of quantum efficiency, timing jitter, and maximum counting rate, our NbN SSPD's significantly outperform semiconductor avalanche photodiodes and photomultipliers in the 1.3‐ to 1.55‐µm range.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1610-1634 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1479  
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Author Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Smirnov, K. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenson, E. M.; Yngvesson, K. S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Multiple Andreev reflection in hybrid AlGaAs/GaAs structures with superconducting NbN contacts Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Semicond. Abbreviated Journal Semicond.  
  Volume 33 Issue (up) 5 Pages 551-554  
  Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures  
  Abstract The conductivity of hybrid microstructures with superconducting contacts made of niobium nitride to a semiconductor with a two-dimensional electron gas in a AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure has been investigated. Distinctive features of the behavior of the conductivity indicate the presence of multiple Andreev reflection at scattering centers in the normal region near the superconductor-semiconductor boundary.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1063-7826 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1571  
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Author Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Ingvesson, K. S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Direct measurements of energy relaxation times on an AlGaAs/GaAs heterointerface in the range 4.2–50 K Type Journal Article
  Year 1996 Publication JETP Lett. Abbreviated Journal JETP Lett.  
  Volume 64 Issue (up) 5 Pages 404-409  
  Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures  
  Abstract The temperature dependence of the energy relaxation time τe (T) of a two-dimensional electron gas at an AlGaAs/GaAs heterointerface is measured under quasiequilibrium conditions in the region of the transition from scattering by acoustic phonons to scattering with the participation of optical phonons. The temperature interval of constant τe, where scattering by the deformation potential predominates, is determined. In the preceding, low-temperature region, where piezoacoustic and deformation-potential-induced scattering processes coexist, τ e decreases slowly with increasing temperature. Optical phonons start to participate in the scattering processes at T∼25 K (the characteristic phonon lifetime was equal to τLOτ4.5 ps). The energy losses calculated from the τe data in a model with an effective nonequilibrium electron temperature agree with the published data obtained under strong heating conditions.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-3640 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes http://jetpletters.ru/ps/981/article_14955.shtml (“Прямые измерения времен энергетической релаксации на гетерогранице AlGaAs/GaAs в диапазоне 4.2 – 50 К”) Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1608  
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Author Kitaeva, G. K.; Kornienko, V. V.; Kuznetsov, K. A.; Pentin, I. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Direct detection of the idler THz radiation generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Opt. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Opt. Lett.  
  Volume 44 Issue (up) 5 Pages 1198-1201  
  Keywords HEB applications  
  Abstract We study parametric down-conversion (PDC) of optical laser radiation in the strongly frequency non-degenerate regime which is promising for the generation of quantum-correlated pairs of extremely different spectral ranges, the optical and the terahertz (THz) ones. The possibility to detect tenuous THz-frequency photon fluxes generated under low-gain spontaneous PDC is demonstrated using a hot electron bolometer. Then experimental dependences of the THz radiation power on the detection angle and on the pump intensity are analyzed.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0146-9592 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:30821747 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1801  
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Author Smirnov, K.; Vachtomin, Y.; Divochiy, A.; Antipov, A.; Goltsman, G. url  openurl
  Title The limitation of noise equivalent power by background radiation for infrared superconducting single photon detectors coupled to standard single mode optical fibers Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Rus. J. Radio Electron. Abbreviated Journal Rus. J. Radio Electron.  
  Volume Issue (up) 5 Pages  
  Keywords NbN SSPD  
  Abstract We investigated the minimum level of the dark count rates and noise equivalent power of superconducting single photon detectors coupled to standard single mode optical fibers. We found that background radiation limits the minimum level of the dark count rates. We also proposed the effective method for reducing background radiation out of the required spectral range of the detector. Measured noise equivalent power of detector reaches 8.9×10-19 W×Hz1/2 at a wavelength of 1.55 μm and quantum efficiency 35%.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 14 pages Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1813  
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Author Baeva, E. M.; Sidorova, M. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Divochy, A. V.; Morozov, P. V.; Zolotov, P. I.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Semenov, A. V.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Khrapai, V. S.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Thermal properties of NbN single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Phys. Rev. Applied Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Applied  
  Volume 10 Issue (up) 6 Pages 064063 (1 to 8)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We investigate thermal properties of a NbN single-photon detector capable of unit internal detection efficiency. Using an independent calibration of the coupling losses, we determine the absolute optical power absorbed by the NbN film and, via resistive superconductor thermometry, the temperature dependence of the thermal resistance Z(T) of the NbN film. In principle, this approach permits simultaneous measurement of the electron-phonon and phonon-escape contributions to the energy relaxation, which in our case is ambiguous because of the similar temperature dependencies. We analyze Z(T) with a two-temperature model and impose an upper bound on the ratio of electron and phonon heat capacities in NbN, which is surprisingly close to a recent theoretical lower bound for the same quantity in similar devices.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2331-7019 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1226  
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Author Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Finkel, M. I.; Antipov, S. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Kaurova, N. S.; Drakinskii, V. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N. url  openurl
  Title The gain bandwidth of mixers based on the electron heating effect in an ultrathin NbN film on a Si substrate with a buffer MgO layer Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication J. of communications technol. & electronics Abbreviated Journal J. of communications technol. & electronics  
  Volume 48 Issue (up) 6 Pages 671-675  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract Measurements of the intermediate frequency band 900 GHz of mixers based on the electron heating effect (EHE) in 2-nm- and 3.5-nm-thick superconducting NbN films sputtered on MgO and Si substrates with buffer MgO layers are presented. A 2-nm-thick superconducting NbN film with a critical temperature of 9.2 K has been obtained for the first time using a buffer MgO layer.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica, Birmingham, AL Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1064-2269 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17302119 (Полоса преобразования смесителей на эффекте разогрева электронов в ультратонких пленках NbN на подложках из Si с подслоем MgO) Approved no  
  Call Number Vakhtomin2003 Serial 1522  
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Author Gol’tsman, G. N.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Lipatov, A.; Semenov, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Dzardanov, A.; Williams, C.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Picosecond superconducting single-photon optical detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 79 Issue (up) 6 Pages 705-707  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We experimentally demonstrate a supercurrent-assisted, hotspot-formation mechanism for ultrafast detection and counting of visible and infrared photons. A photon-induced hotspot leads to a temporary formation of a resistive barrier across the superconducting sensor strip and results in an easily measurable voltage pulse. Subsequent hotspot healing in ∼30 ps time frame, restores the superconductivity (zero-voltage state), and the detector is ready to register another photon. Our device consists of an ultrathin, very narrow NbN strip, maintained at 4.2 K and current-biased close to the critical current. It exhibits an experimentally measured quantum efficiency of ∼20% for 0.81 μm wavelength photons and negligible dark counts.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1543  
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Author Zhang, X.; Lita, A. E.; Smirnov, K.; Liu, H. L.; Zhu, D.; Verma, V. B.; Nam, S. W.; Schilling, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Strong suppression of the resistivity near the superconducting transition in narrow microbridges in external magnetic fields Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B  
  Volume 101 Issue (up) 6 Pages 060508 (1 to 6)  
  Keywords MoSi, WSi films  
  Abstract We have investigated a series of superconducting bridges based on homogeneous amorphous WSi and MoSi films, with bridge widths w ranging from 2 to 1000μm and film thicknesses d∼4−6 and 100 nm. Upon decreasing the bridge widths below the respective Pearl lengths, we observe in all cases distinct changes in the characteristics of the resistive transitions to superconductivity. For each of the films, the resistivity curves R(B,T) separate at a well-defined and field-dependent temperature T∗(B) with decreasing the temperature, resulting in a dramatic suppression of the resistivity and a sharpening of the transitions with decreasing bridge width w. The associated excess conductivity in all the bridges scales as 1/w, which may suggest either the presence of a highly conducting region that is dominating the electric transport, or a change in the vortex dynamics in narrow enough bridges. We argue that this effect can only be observed in materials with sufficiently weak vortex pinning.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2469-9950 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1800  
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Author Shcheslavskiy, V.; Morozov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K.; Becker, W. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Erratum: “Ultrafast time measurements by time-correlated single photon counting coupled with superconducting single photon detector” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 87, 053117 (2016)] Type Miscellaneous
  Year 2016 Publication Rev. Sci. Instrum. Abbreviated Journal Rev. Sci. Instrum.  
  Volume 87 Issue (up) 6 Pages 069901  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, TCSPC, jitter  
  Abstract In the original paper1the Ref. 10 should be M. Sanzaro, N. Calandri, A. Ruggeri, C. Scarcella, G. Boso, M. Buttafava, and A. Tosi, Proc. SPIE9370, 93701T (2015).  
  Address Becker & Hickl GmbH, Nahmitzer Damm 30, Berlin 12277, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0034-6748 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:27370512 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1810  
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Author Ren, Y.; Zhang, D. X.; Zhou, K. M.; Miao, W.; Zhang, W.; Shi, S. C.; Seleznev, V.; Pentin, I.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title 10.6 μm heterodyne receiver based on a superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer and a quantum cascade laser Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication AIP Advances Abbreviated Journal AIP Advances  
  Volume 9 Issue (up) 7 Pages 075307  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers, QCL, IR  
  Abstract We report on the development of a heterodyne receiver at mid-infrared wavelength for high-resolution spectroscopy applications. The receiver employs a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer as a mixer and a room temperature distributed feedback quantum cascade laser operating at 10.6 μm (28.2 THz) as a local oscillator. The stabilization of the heterodyne receiver has been achieved using a feedback loop controlling the output power of the laser. Improved Allan variance times as well as a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 5000 K and a noise bandwidth of 2.8 GHz of the receiver system are demonstrated.

The work is supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2018YFA0404701, by the CAS program under Grant QYZDJ-SSW-SLH043 and GJJSTD20180003, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant 11773083, by the “Hundred Talents Program” of the “Pioneer Initiative”, and in part by the CAS Key Lab for Radio Astronomy.		  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2158-3226 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1293  
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Author Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Milostnaya, I.; Chulkova, G.; Voronov, B.; Smirnov, K.; Seleznev, V.; Gol'tsman, G.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Cross, A.; Alvarez, P.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. doi  openurl
  Title Superconducting single-photon ultrathin NbN film detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Quantum Electronics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 35 Issue (up) 8 Pages 698-700  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Superconducting single-photon ultrathin NbN film detectors are studied. The development of manufacturing technology of detectors and the reduction of their operating temperature down to 2 K resulted in a considerable increase in their quantum efficiency, which reached in the visible region (at 0.56 μm) 30%—40%, i.e., achieved the limit determined by the absorption coefficient of the film. The quantum efficiency exponentially decreases with increasing wavelength, being equal to ~20% at 1.55 μm and ~0.02% at 5 μm. For the dark count rate of ~10-4s-1, the experimental equivalent noise power was 1.5×10-20 W Hz-1/2; it can be decreased in the future down to the record low value of 5×10-21 W Hz-1/2. The time resolution of the detector is 30 ps.  
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  Notes Сверхпроводящий однофотонный детектор на основе ультратонкой пленки NbN Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 383  
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Author Lobanov, Y. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Pentin, I. V.; Rosental, V. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Volkov, O. Y.; Dyuzhikov, I. N.; Galiev, R. R.; Ponomarev, D. S.; Khabibullin, R. A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Time-resolved measurements of light–current characteristic and mode competition in pulsed THz quantum cascade laser Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Optical Engineering Abbreviated Journal Optical Engineering  
  Volume 60 Issue (up) 8 Pages 1-8  
  Keywords HEB, terahertz pulse generation, terahertz pulse detection, QCL, quantum cascade laser, superconducting hot electron bolometer  
  Abstract Quantum cascade lasers (QCL) are widely adopted as prominent and easy-to-use solid-state sources of terahertz radiation. Yet some applications require generation and detection of very sharp and narrow terahertz-range pulses with a specific spectral composition. We have studied time-resolved light-current (L–I) characteristics of multimode THz QCL operated with a fast ramp of the injection current. Detection of THz pulses was carried out using an NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer with the time constant of the order of 1 ns while the laser bias current was swept during a single driving pulse. A nonmonotonic behavior of the L–I characteristic with several visually separated subpeaks was found. This behavior is associated with the mode competition in THz QCL cavity, which we confirm by L–I measurements with use of an external Fabry–Perot interferometer for a discrete mode selection. We also have demonstrated the possibility to control the L–I shape with suppression of one of the subpeaks by simply adjusting the off-axis parabolic mirror for optimal optical alignment for one of the laser modes. The developed technique paves the way for rapid characterization of pulsed THz QCLs for further studies of the possibilities of using this approach in remote sensing.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Spie Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number 10.1117/1.Oe.60.8.082019 Serial 1260  
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Author Zinoni, C.; Alloing, B.; Li, L. H.; Marsili, F.; Fiore, A.; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, A.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Erratum: “Single photon experiments at telecom wavelengths using nanowire superconducting detectors” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 031106 (2007)] Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 96 Issue (up) 8 Pages 089901  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, erratum  
  Abstract A calculation error was made in the original publication of this letter. The error was in the calculation of the noise equivalent power (NEP) values for the avalanche photodiode detector (APD) and the superconducting single photon detector (SSPD), the incorrect values were plotted on the right axis in Fig. 1(b). The correct NEP values were calculated with the same equation reported in the original letter and the revised Fig. 1(b) is shown below. The other conclusions of the paper remain unaltered.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1395  
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Author Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Pershin, Y. P.; Manova, N. N.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Sivakov, A. G.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Goltsman, G. N. doi  openurl
  Title Superconducting single-photon detector made of MoSi film Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 27 Issue (up) 9 Pages 095012  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We fabricated and characterized nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors made of 4 nm thick amorphous Mox Si1−x films. At 1.7 K the best devices exhibit a detection efficiency (DE) up to 18% at 1.2 $\mu {\rm m}$ wavelength of unpolarized light, a characteristic response time of about 6 ns and timing jitter of 120 ps. The DE was studied in wavelength range from 650 nm to 2500 nm. At wavelengths below 1200 nm these detectors reach their maximum DE limited by photon absorption in the thin MoSi film.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ korneeva2014superconducting Serial 1044  
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Author Morozov, D. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Smirnov, A. V.; Lyakhov, V. A.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title A millimeter-submillimeter phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer based on two-dimensional electron gas in an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Semicond. Abbreviated Journal Semicond.  
  Volume 39 Issue (up) 9 Pages 1082-1086  
  Keywords 2D electron gas, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures, mixers  
  Abstract Experimental results obtained by studying the main characteristics of a millimeter-submillimeter wave mixer based on the hot-electron effect in a two-dimensional electron gas in a AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure with a phonon-scattering cooling mechanism for charge carriers are reported. The gain bandwidth of the mixer is 4 GHz, the internal conversion losses are 13 dB, and the optimum local-oscillator power is 0.5 μW (for a mixer area of 1 μm2). It is shown that a millimeter-submillimeter-wave receiver with a noise temperature of 1900 K can be developed on the basis of a AlGaAs/GaAs mixer. This mixer also appears to be promising for use in array receiver elements.  
  Address  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1063-7826 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1463  
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Author Gol’tsman, G. N.; Smirnov, K. V. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Electron-phonon interaction in a two-dimensional electron gas of semiconductor heterostructures at low temperatures Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Jetp Lett. Abbreviated Journal Jetp Lett.  
  Volume 74 Issue (up) 9 Pages 474-479  
  Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures  
  Abstract Theoretical and experimental works devoted to studying electron-phonon interaction in the two-dimensional electron gas of semiconductor heterostructures at low temperatures in the case of strong heating in an electric field under quasi-equilibrium conditions and in a quantizing magnetic field perpendicular to the 2D layer are considered.  
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  ISSN 0021-3640 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes По итогам проектов российского фонда фундаментальных исследований. Проект РФФИ # 98-02-16897 Электрон-фононное взаимодействие в двумерном электронном газе полупроводниковых гетероструктур при низких температурах Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1541  
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Author Verevkin, A.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Zhang, J.; Currie, M.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Okunev, O.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors for near-infrared-wavelength quantum communications Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication J. Modern Opt. Abbreviated Journal J. Modern Opt.  
  Volume 51 Issue (up) 9-10 Pages 1447-1458  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract The paper reports progress on the design and development of niobium-nitride, superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) for ultrafast counting of near-infrared photons for secure quantum communications. The SSPDs operate in the quantum detection mode, based on photon-induced hotspot formation and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-width superconducting stripe. The devices are fabricated from 3.5 nm thick NbN films and kept at cryogenic (liquid helium) temperatures inside a cryostat. The detector experimental quantum efficiency in the photon-counting mode reaches above 20% in the visible radiation range and up to 10% at the 1.3–1.55 μn infrared range. The dark counts are below 0.01 per second. The measured real-time counting rate is above 2 GHz and is limited by readout electronics (the intrinsic response time is below 30 ps). The SSPD jitter is below 18 ps, and the best-measured value of the noise-equivalent power (NEP) is 2 × 10−18 W/Hz1/2. at 1.3 μm. In terms of photon-counting efficiency and speed, these NbN SSPDs significantly outperform semiconductor avalanche photodiodes and photomultipliers.  
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  ISSN 0950-0340 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1488  
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