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Author Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Manova, N.; Larionov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Semenov, A.; Chulkova, G.; Vachtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Recent nanowire superconducting single-photon detector optimization for practical applications Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 23 Issue (up) 3 Pages 2201204 (1 to 4)  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract In this paper, we present our approaches to the development of fiber-coupled superconducting single photon detectors with enhanced photon absorption. For such devices we have measured detection efficiency in wavelength range from 500 to 2000 nm. The best fiber coupled devices exhibit detection efficiency of 44.5% at 1310 nm wavelength and 35.5% at 1550 nm at 10 dark counts per second.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ akorneev @ KorneevIEEE2013 Serial 996  
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Author Florya, I. N.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Photon counting statistics of superconducting single-photon detectors made of a three-layer WSi film Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Low Temp. Phys. Abbreviated Journal Low Temp. Phys.  
  Volume 44 Issue (up) 3 Pages 221-225  
  Keywords WSi SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) are used in quantum optics when record-breaking time resolution, high speed, and exceptionally low levels of dark counts (false readings) are required. Their detection efficiency is limited, however, by the absorption coefficient of the ultrathin superconducting film for the detected radiation. One possible way of increasing the detector absorption without limiting its broadband response is to make a detector in the form of several vertically stacked layers and connect them in parallel. For the first time we have studied single-photon detection in a multilayer structure consisting of three superconducting layers of amorphous tungsten silicide (WSi) separated by thin layers of amorphous silicon. Two operating modes of the detector are illustrated: an avalanche regime and an arm-trigger regime. A shift in these modes occurs at currents of ∼0.5–0.6 times the critical current of the detector.

This work was supported by technical task No. 88 for scientific research at the National Research University “Higher School of Economics,” Grant No. 14.V25.31.0007 from the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, and the work of G. N. Goltsman was supported by task No. 3.7328.2017/VU of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.
 
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1063-777X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1310  
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Author Korneeva, Y.; Sidorova, M.; Semenov, A.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S.; Mitsen, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Comparison of hot-spot formation in NbC and NbN single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 26 Issue (up) 3 Pages 1-4  
  Keywords NbC, NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We report an experimental investigation of the hot-spot evolution in superconducting single-photon detectors made of disordered superconducting materials with different diffusivity and energy downconversion time values, i.e., 33-nm-thick NbN and 23-nm-thick NbC films. We have demonstrated that, in NbC film, only 405-nm photons produce sufficiently large hot spot to trigger a single-photon response. The dependence of detection efficiency on bias current for 405-nm photons in NbC is similar to that for 3400-nm photons in NbN. In NbC, large diffusivity and downconversion time result in 1-D critical current suppression profile compared with the usual 2-D profile in NbN.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1348  
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Author Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Il'in, K.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Hubers, H.; Siegel, M.; Gol'tsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effect of the wire width and magnetic field on the intrinsic detection efficiency of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 23 Issue (up) 3 Pages 2200205-2200205  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We present thorough measurements of the intrinsic detection efficiency in the wavelength range from 350 to 2500 nm for meander-type TaN and NbN superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with different widths of the nanowire. The width varied from 70 nm to 130 nm. The open-beam configuration allowed us to accurately normalize measured spectra and to extract the intrinsic detection efficiency. For detectors from both materials the intrinsic detection efficiency at short wavelengths amounts at 100% and gradually decreases at wavelengths larger than the specific cut-off wavelengths, which decreases with the width of the nanowire. Furthermore, we show that applying weak magnetic fields perpendicular to the meander plane decreases the smallest detectable photon flux.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1376  
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Author Jukna, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Pan, D.; Cross, A.; Perlman, A.; Komissarov, I.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. doi  openurl
  Title Dynamics of hotspot formation in nanostructured superconducting stripes excited with single photons Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Acta Physica Polonica A Abbreviated Journal Acta Physica Polonica A  
  Volume 113 Issue (up) 3 Pages 955-958  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Dynamics of a resistive hotspot formation by near-infrared-wavelength single photons in nanowire-type superconducting NbN stripes was investigated. Numerical simulations of ultrafast thermalization of photon-excited nonequilibrium quasiparticles, their multiplication and out-diffusion from a site of the photon absorption demonstrate that 1.55 μm wavelength photons create in an ultrathin, two-dimensional superconducting film a resistive hotspot with the diameter which depends on the photon energy, and the nanowire temperature and biasing conditions. Our hotspot model indicates that under the subcritical current bias of the 2D stripe, the electric field penetrates the superconductor at the hotspot boundary, leading to suppression of the stripe superconducting properties and accelerated development of a voltage transient across the stripe.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1414  
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Author Korneev, Alexander; Vachtomin, Yury; Minaeva, Olga; Divochiy, Alexander; Smirnov, Konstantin; Okunev, Oleg; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Zinoni, C.; Chauvin, Nicolas; Balet, Laurent; Marsili, Francesco; Bitauld, David; Alloing, Blandine; Li, Lianhe; Fiore, Andrea; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, Annamaria; Halder, Matthäus; Jorel, Corentin; Zbinden, Hugo url  doi
openurl 
  Title Single-photon detection system for quantum optics applications Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. Abbreviated Journal IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.  
  Volume 13 Issue (up) 4 Pages 944-951  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We describe the design and characterization of a fiber-coupled double-channel single-photon detection system based on superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD), and its application for quantum optics experiments on semiconductor nanostructures. When operated at 2-K temperature, the system shows 10% quantum efficiency at 1.3-¿m wavelength with dark count rate below 10 counts per second and timing resolution <100 ps. The short recovery time and absence of afterpulsing leads to counting frequencies as high as 40 MHz. Moreover, the low dark count rate allows operation in continuous mode (without gating). These characteristics are very attractive-as compared to InGaAs avalanche photodiodes-for quantum optics experiments at telecommunication wavelengths. We demonstrate the use of the system in time-correlated fluorescence spectroscopy of quantum wells and in the measurement of the intensity correlation function of light emitted by semiconductor quantum dots at 1300 nm.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1077-260X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 430  
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Author Semenov, A.; Goltsman, G.; Korneev, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantum detection by current carrying superconducting film Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.  
  Volume 351 Issue (up) 4 Pages 349-356  
  Keywords quantum detection, phase slip centers, quasiparticle diffusion  
  Abstract We describe a novel quantum detection mechanism in the superconducting film carrying supercurrent. The mechanism incorporates growing normal domain and breaking of superconductivity by the bias current. A single photon absorbed in the film creates transient normal spot that causes redistribution of the current and, consequently, increase of the current density in superconducting areas. When the current density exceeds the critical value, the film switches into resistive state and generates the voltage pulse. Analysis shows that a submicron-wide film of conventional low temperature superconductor operated in liquid helium may detect single far-infrared photon. The amplitude and duration of the voltage pulse are in the millivolt and picosecond range, respectively. The quantitative model is presented that allows simulation of the detector utilizing this detection mechanism.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 507  
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Author Reiger, E.; Pan, D.; Slysz, W.; Jukna, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Dorenbos, S.; Zwiller, V.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G.; Kitaygorsky, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Spectroscopy with nanostructured superconducting single photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. Abbreviated Journal IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.  
  Volume 13 Issue (up) 4 Pages 934-943  
  Keywords SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are nanostructured devices made from ultrathin superconducting films. They are typically operated at liquid helium temperature and exhibit high detection efficiency, in combination with very low dark counts, fast response time, and extremely low timing jitter, within a broad wavelength range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared (up to 6 mu m). SSPDs are very attractive for applications such as fiber-based telecommunication, where single-photon sensitivity and high photon-counting rates are required. We review the current state-of-the-art in the SSPD research and development, and compare the SSPD performance to the best semiconducting avalanche photodiodes and other superconducting photon detectors. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SSPDs can also be successfully implemented in photon-energy-resolving experiments. Our approach is based on the fact that the size of the hotspot, a nonsuperconducting region generated upon photon absorption, is linearly dependent on the photon energy. We introduce a statistical method, where, by measuring the SSPD system detection efficiency at different bias currents, we are able to resolve the wavelength of the incident photons with a resolution of 50 nm.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1077-260X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1424  
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Author Lobanov, Y.; Shcherbatenko, M.; Semenov, A.; Kovalyuk, V.; Kahl, O.; Ferrari, S.; Korneev, A.; Ozhegov, R.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B. M.; Pernice, W. H. P.; Gol'tsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Superconducting nanowire single photon detector for coherent detection of weak signals Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 27 Issue (up) 4 Pages 1-5  
  Keywords NbN SSPD mixer, SNSPD, nanophotonic waveguide  
  Abstract Traditional photon detectors are operated in the direct detection mode, counting incident photons with a known quantum efficiency. Here, we have investigated a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) operated as a photon counting mixer at telecommunication wavelength around 1.5 μm. This regime of operation combines excellent sensitivity of a photon counting detector with excellent spectral resolution given by the heterodyne technique. Advantageously, we have found that low local oscillator (LO) power of the order of hundreds of femtowatts to a few picowatts is sufficient for clear observation of the incident test signal with the sensitivity approaching the quantum limit. With further optimization, the required LO power could be significantly reduced, which is promising for many practical applications, such as the development of receiver matrices or recording ultralow signals at a level of less-than-one-photon per second. In addition to a traditional NbN-based SNSPD operated with normal incidence coupling, we also use detectors with a travelling wave geometry, where a NbN nanowire is placed on the top of a Si 3 N 4 nanophotonic waveguide. This approach is fully scalable and a large number of devices could be integrated on a single chip.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1206  
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Author Korneeva, Yuliya; Florya, Irina; Vdovichev, Sergey; Moshkova, Mariya; Simonov, Nikita; Kaurova, Natalia; Korneev, Alexander; Goltsman, Gregory doi  openurl
  Title Comparison of hot-spot formation in NbN and MoN thin superconducting films after photon absorption Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Abbreviated Journal IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductiv  
  Volume 27 Issue (up) 4 Pages 5  
  Keywords Thin film devices, Superconducitng photoncounting devices, Nanowire single-photon detectors  
  Abstract In superconducting single-photon detectors SSPD

the efficiency of local suppression of superconductivity and hotspot

formation is controlled by diffusivity and electron-phonon

interaction time. Here we selected a material, 3.6-nm-thick MoNx

film, which features diffusivity close to those of NbN traditionally

used for SSPD fabrication, but with electron-phonon interaction

time an order of magnitude larger. In MoNx detectors we study

the dependence of detection efficiency on bias current, photon

energy, and strip width and compare it with NbN SSPD. We

observe non-linear current-energy dependence in MoNx SSPD

and more pronounced plateaus in dependences of detection

efficiency on bias current which we attribute to longer electronphonon

interaction time.
 
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ Serial 1114  
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Author Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Ilin, K.; Siegel, M.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Vodolazov, D.; Hübers, H.-W. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effect of the wire width on the intrinsic detection efficiency of superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.  
  Volume 116 Issue (up) 4 Pages 043906 (1 to 9)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, TaN  
  Abstract A thorough spectral study of the intrinsic single-photon detection efficiency in superconducting TaN and NbN nanowires with different widths has been performed. The experiment shows that the cut-off of the intrinsic detection efficiency at near-infrared wavelengths is most likely controlled by the local suppression of the barrier for vortex nucleation around the absorption site. Beyond the cut-off quasi-particle diffusion in combination with spontaneous, thermally activated vortex crossing explains the detection process. For both materials, the reciprocal cut-off wavelength scales linearly with the wire width where the scaling factor agrees with the hot-spot detection model.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1357  
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Author Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Vdovichev, S.; Moshkova, M.; Simonov, N.; Kaurova, N.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Comparison of hot spot formation in nbn and mon thin superconducting films after photon absorption Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 27 Issue (up) 4 Pages 1-4  
  Keywords MoNx SSPD  
  Abstract In superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD), the efficiency of local suppression of superconductivity and hotspot formation is controlled by diffusivity and electron-phonon interaction time. Here, we selected a material, 3.6-nm-thick MoNx film, which features diffusivity close to those of NbN traditionally used for SSPD fabrication, but with electron-phonon interaction time an order of magnitude larger. In MoN ∞ detectors, we study the dependence of detection efficiency on bias current, photon energy, and strip width, and compare it with NbN SSPD. We observe nonlinear current-energy dependence in MoNx SSPD and more pronounced plateaus in dependences of detection efficiency on bias current, which we attribute to longer electron-phonon interaction time.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1325  
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Author Vodolazov, D. Y.; Manova, N. N.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Korneev, A. A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Timing jitter in NbN superconducting microstrip single-photon detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Phys. Rev. Applied Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Applied  
  Volume 14 Issue (up) 4 Pages 044041 (1 to 8)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We experimentally study timing jitter of single-photon detection by NbN superconducting strips with width w ranging from 190 nm to 3μm. We find that timing jitter of both narrow (190 nm) and micron-wide strips is about 40 ps at currents where internal detection efficiency η saturates and it is close to our instrumental jitter. We also calculate intrinsic timing jitter in wide strips using the modified time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation coupled with a two-temperature model. We find that with increasing width the intrinsic timing jitter increases and the effect is most considerable at currents where a rapid growth of η changes to saturation. We relate it with complicated vortex and antivortex dynamics, which depends on a photon’s absorption site across the strip and its width. The model also predicts that at current close to depairing current the intrinsic timing jitter of a wide strip could be about ℏ/kBTc (Tc is a critical temperature of superconductor), i.e., the same as for a narrow strip.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2331-7019 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1788  
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Author Semenov, A. V.; Devyatov, I. A.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Melnikov, A. P. url  openurl
  Title Derivation of expression for thermodynamic potential of “dirty” superconductor Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Rus. J. Radio Electron. Abbreviated Journal Rus. J. Radio Electron.  
  Volume Issue (up) 4 Pages  
  Keywords dirty superconductor, Usadel theory, thermodynamic potential  
  Abstract We derive a formula for thermodynamic potential of dirty superconductor which express it via isotropic quasiclassical Green functions of Usadel theory. Our result allows unify description of dynamic processes and fluctuations in superconducting nano-electronic devices.  
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  Language Russian Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes 7 pages Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1824  
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Author Marksteiner, M.; Divochiy, A.; Sclafani, M.; Haslinger, P.; Ulbricht, H.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title A superconducting NbN detector for neutral nanoparticles Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Nanotechnol. Abbreviated Journal Nanotechnol.  
  Volume 20 Issue (up) 45 Pages 455501  
  Keywords SSPD; SNSPD; *Electric Conductivity; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanoparticles/*chemistry/ultrastructure; Nanotechnology/*methods; *Photons  
  Abstract We present a proof-of-principle study of superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD) for the detection of individual neutral molecules/nanoparticles at low energies. The new detector is applied to characterize a laser desorption source for biomolecules and allows retrieval of the arrival time distribution of a pulsed molecular beam containing the amino acid tryptophan, the polypeptide gramicidin as well as insulin, myoglobin and hemoglobin. We discuss the experimental evidence that the detector is actually sensitive to isolated neutral particles.  
  Address University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. markus.arndt@univie.ac.at  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0957-4484 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:19822928 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1239  
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