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Author	Zinoni, C.; Alloing, B.; Li, L. H.; Marsili, F.; Fiore, A.; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, A.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.
Title	Single-photon experiments at telecommunication wavelengths using nanowire superconducting detectors			Type	Journal Article
Year	2007	Publication	Appl. Phys. Lett.	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume	91	Issue	3	Pages	031106 (1 to 3)
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD, APD
Abstract	The authors report fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors with specifications that exceed those of avalanche photodiodes, operating at telecommunication wavelength, in sensitivity, temporal resolution, and repetition frequency. The improved performance is demonstrated by measuring the intensity correlation function g(2)(τ) of single-photon states at 1300nm produced by single semiconductor quantum dots. This work was supported by Swiss National Foundation through the “Professeur borsier” and NCCR Quantum Photonics program, FP6 STREP “SINPHONIA” (Contract No. NMP4-CT-2005-16433), IP “QAP” (Contract No. 15848), NOE “ePIXnet,” and the Italian MIUR-FIRB program.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	Erratum: 1395			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1396
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Author	Jukna, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Pan, D.; Cross, A.; Perlman, A.; Komissarov, I.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title	Dynamics of hotspot formation in nanostructured superconducting stripes excited with single photons			Type	Journal Article
Year	2008	Publication	Acta Physica Polonica A	Abbreviated Journal	Acta Physica Polonica A
Volume	113	Issue	3	Pages	955-958
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	Dynamics of a resistive hotspot formation by near-infrared-wavelength single photons in nanowire-type superconducting NbN stripes was investigated. Numerical simulations of ultrafast thermalization of photon-excited nonequilibrium quasiparticles, their multiplication and out-diffusion from a site of the photon absorption demonstrate that 1.55 μm wavelength photons create in an ultrathin, two-dimensional superconducting film a resistive hotspot with the diameter which depends on the photon energy, and the nanowire temperature and biasing conditions. Our hotspot model indicates that under the subcritical current bias of the 2D stripe, the electric field penetrates the superconductor at the hotspot boundary, leading to suppression of the stripe superconducting properties and accelerated development of a voltage transient across the stripe.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1414
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Author	Корнеева, Ю. П.; Трифонов, А. В.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б.; Смирнов, К. В.; Корнеев, А. А.; Рябчун, С. А.; Третьяков, И. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н.
Title	Расчет согласующего оптического резонатора для сверхпроводникового нанополоскового детектора			Type	Journal Article
Year	2012	Publication	Преподаватель ХХI век	Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue	3	Pages	225-227
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	В статье произведен расчет резонатора, предназначенного для согласования сверхпроводникового нанополоскового однофотонного детектора с оптическим сигналом. Показано, что для детектора, выполненного из пленки с типичным сопротивлением квадрата 500 Ом и коэффициентом заполнения 0.5 коэффициент согласования с излучением, поляризованным параллельно полоскам детектора, достигает величины около 60%.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	Russian	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1823
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Author	Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Papis, E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.
Title	A method of optimization of the NbN superconducting single-photon detector			Type	Miscellaneous
Year	2004	Publication	INIS	Abbreviated Journal	INIS
Volume	36	Issue	27	Pages	1-2
Keywords	NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference	5-th International Symposium Ion Implantation and Other Applications of Ions and Electrons, ION
Notes	Reference num. 36060124			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1485
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Author	Il’in, K. S.; Milostnaya, I. I.; Verevkin, A. A.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Sobolewski, R.
Title	Ultimate quantum efficiency of a superconducting hot-electron photodetector			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Appl. Phys. Lett.	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume	73	Issue	26	Pages	3938-3940
Keywords	NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	The quantum efficiency and current and voltage responsivities of fast hot-electron photodetectors, fabricated from superconducting NbN thin films and biased in the resistive state, have been shown to reach values of 340, 220 A/W, and 4×104 V/W, respectively, for infrared radiation with a wavelength of 0.79 μm. The characteristics of the photodetectors are presented within the general model, based on relaxation processes in the nonequilibrium electron heating of a superconducting thin film. The observed, very high efficiency and sensitivity of the superconductor absorbing the photon are explained by the high multiplication rate of quasiparticles during the avalanche breaking of Cooper pairs.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1579
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Author	Ejrnaes, M.; Cristiano, R.; Quaranta, O.; Pagano, S.; Gaggero, A.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.
Title	A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector			Type	Journal Article
Year	2007	Publication	Appl. Phys. Lett.	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume	91	Issue	26	Pages	262509 (1 to 3)
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD, parallel-wire
Abstract	We have realized superconducting single photon detectors with reduced inductance and increased signal pulse amplitude. The detectors are based on a parallel connection of ultrathin NbN nanowires with a common bias inductance. When properly biased, an absorbed photon induces a cascade switch of all the parallel wires generating a signal pulse amplitude of 2mV. The parallel wire configuration lowers the detector inductance and reduces the response time well below 1ns. This work was performed in the framework of the EU project “SINPHONIA” NMP4-CT-2005-016433.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1418
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Author	Słysz, W.; Węgrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Zwiller, V.; Latta, C.; Bohi, P.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Antipov, A.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Gol’tsman, G.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Komissarov, I.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.
Title	Fiber-coupled single-photon detectors based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for practical quantum cryptography and photon-correlation studies			Type	Journal Article
Year	2006	Publication	Appl. Phys. Lett.	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume	88	Issue	26	Pages	261113 (1 to 3)
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	We have fabricated and tested a two-channel single-photon detector system based on two fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). Our best device reached the system quantum efficiency of 0.3% in the 1540-nm telecommunication wavelength with a fiber-to-detector coupling factor of about 30%. The photoresponse consisted of 2.5-ns-wide voltage pulses with a rise time of 250ps and timing jitter below 40ps. The overall system response time, measured as a second-order, photon cross-correlation function, was below 400ps. Our SSPDs operate at 4.2K inside a liquid-helium Dewar, but their optical fiber inputs and electrical outputs are at room temperature. Our two-channel detector system should find applications in practical quantum cryptography and in antibunching-type quantum correlation measurements. The authors would like to thank Dr. Marc Currie for his assistance in early time-resolved photoresponse measurements and Professor Atac Imamoglu for his support. This work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science under Project No. 3 T11B 052 26 (Warsaw), RFBR 03-02-17697 and INTAS 03-51-4145 grants (Moscow), CRDF Grant No. RE2-2531-MO-03 (Moscow), RE2-2529-MO-03 (Moscow and Rochester), and US AFOSR FA9550-04-1-0123 (Rochester). Additional funding was provided by the grants from the MIT Lincoln Laboratory and BBN Technologies Corp.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1449
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Author	Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Sobolewski, Roman; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A.
Title	Detection efficiency of large-active-area NbN single-photon superconducting detectors in the ultraviolet to near-infrared range			Type	Journal Article
Year	2002	Publication	Appl. Phys. Lett.	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	80	Issue	25	Pages	4687-4689
Keywords	NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QE
Abstract	We report our studies on spectral sensitivity of meander-type, superconducting NbN thin-film single-photon detectors (SPDs), characterized by GHz counting rates of visible and near-infrared photons and negligible dark counts. Our SPDs exhibit experimentally determined quantum efficiencies ranging from ∼0.2% at the 1.55 μm wavelength to ∼70% at 0.4 μm. Spectral dependences of the detection efficiency (DE) at the 0.4 to 3.0-μm-wavelength range are presented. The exponential character of the DE dependence on wavelength, as well as its dependence versus bias current, is qualitatively explained in terms of superconducting fluctuations in our ultrathin, submicron-width superconducting stripes. The DE values of large-active-area NbN SPDs in the visible range are high enough for modern quantum communications.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	331
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Author	Tarkhov, M.; Claudon, J.; Poizat, J. Ph.; Korneev, A.; Divochiy, A.; Minaeva, O.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Semenov, A. V.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title	Ultrafast reset time of superconducting single photon detectors			Type	Journal Article
Year	2008	Publication	Appl. Phys. Lett.	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume	92	Issue	24	Pages	241112 (1 to 3)
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-6951	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	429
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Author	Mohan, N.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Nasr, M. B.; Saleh, B. E.; Sergienko, A. V.; Teich, M. C.
Title	Photon-counting optical coherence-domain reflectometry using superconducting single-photon detectors			Type	Journal Article
Year	2008	Publication	Opt. Express	Abbreviated Journal	Opt. Express
Volume	16	Issue	22	Pages	18118-18130
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	We consider the use of single-photon counting detectors in coherence-domain imaging. Detectors operated in this mode exhibit reduced noise, which leads to increased sensitivity for weak light sources and weakly reflecting samples. In particular, we experimentally demonstrate the possibility of using superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) for optical coherence-domain reflectometry (OCDR). These detectors are sensitive over the full spectral range that is useful for carrying out such imaging in biological samples. With counting rates as high as 100 MHz, SSPDs also offer a high rate of data acquisition if the light flux is sufficient.
Address	Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. nm82@bu.edu
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1094-4087	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:18958090			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1407
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Author	Elezov, M.; Ozhegov, R.; Goltsman, G.; Makarov, V.
Title	Countermeasure against bright-light attack on superconducting nanowire single-photon detector in quantum key distribution			Type	Journal Article
Year	2019	Publication	Opt. Express	Abbreviated Journal	Opt. Express
Volume	27	Issue	21	Pages	30979-30988
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	We present an active anti-latching system for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We experimentally test it against a bright-light attack, previously used to compromise security of quantum key distribution. Although our system detects continuous blinding, the detector is shown to be partially blindable and controllable by specially tailored sequences of bright pulses. Improvements to the countermeasure are suggested.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1094-4087	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:31684339			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1275
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Author	Mohan, Nishant; Minaeva, Olga; Goltsman, Gregory N.; Saleh, Mohammed F.; Nasr, Magued B.; Sergienko, Alexander V.; Saleh, Bahaa E.; Teich, Malvin C.
Title	Ultrabroadband coherence-domain imaging using parametric downconversion and superconducting single-photon detectors at 1064 nm			Type	Journal Article
Year	2009	Publication	Appl. Opt.	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Opt.
Volume	48	Issue	20	Pages	4009–4017
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD, SPAD
Abstract	Coherence-domain imaging systems can be operated in a single-photon-counting mode, offering low detector noise; this in turn leads to increased sensitivity for weak light sources and weakly reflecting samples. We have demonstrated that excellent axial resolution can be obtained in a photon-counting coherence-domain imaging (CDI) system that uses light generated via spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) in a chirped periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate (chirped-PPSLT) structure, in conjunction with a niobium nitride superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD). The bandwidth of the light generated via SPDC, as well as the bandwidth over which the SSPD is sensitive, can extend over a wavelength region that stretches from 700 to 1500 nm. This ultrabroad wavelength band offers a near-ideal combination of deep penetration and ultrahigh axial resolution for the imaging of biological tissue. The generation of SPDC light of adjustable bandwidth in the vicinity of 1064 nm, via the use of chirped-PPSLT structures, had not been previously achieved. To demonstrate the usefulness of this technique, we construct images for a hierarchy of samples of increasing complexity: a mirror, a nitrocellulose membrane, and a biological sample comprising onion-skin cells.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	RPLAB @ gujma @			Serial	652
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Author	Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.
Title	GHz counting rate NbN single-photon detector for IR diagnostics of VLSI CMOS circuits			Type	Journal Article
Year	2003	Publication	Microelectronic Engineering	Abbreviated Journal	Microelectronic Engineering
Volume	69	Issue	2-4	Pages	274-278
Keywords	NbN SSPD, SNSPD, applications
Abstract	We present a new, simple to manufacture superconducting single-photon detector operational in the range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared radiation wavelengths. The detector combines GHz counting rate, high quantum efficiency and very low level of dark (false) counts. At 1.3–1.5 μm wavelength range our detector exhibits a quantum efficiency of 5–10%. The detector photoresponse voltage pulse duration was measured to be about 150 ps with jitter of 35 ps and both of them were limited mostly by our measurement equipment. In terms of quantum efficiency, dark counts level, speed of operation the detector surpasses all semiconductor counterparts and was successfully applied for CMOS integrated circuits diagnostics.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0167-9317	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1511
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Author	Słysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Zwiller, V.; Latta, C.; Böhi, P.; Pearlman, A.J.; Cross, A.S.; Pan, D.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Komissarov, I.; Verevkin, A.; Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minayeva, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Sobolewski, R.
Title	Fibre-coupled, single photon detector based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for quantum communications			Type	Journal Article
Year	2007	Publication	J. Modern Opt.	Abbreviated Journal	J. Modern Opt.
Volume	54	Issue	2-3	Pages	315-326
Keywords	NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract	We present a novel, two-channel, single photon receiver based on two fibre-coupled, NbN, superconducting, single photon detectors (SSPDs). The SSPDs are nanostructured superconducting meanders and are known for ultrafast and efficient detection of visible-to-infrared photons. Coupling between the NbN detector and optical fibre was achieved using a micromechanical photoresist ring placed directly over the SSPD, holding the fibre in place. With this arrangement, we obtained coupling efficiencies up to ∼30%. Our experimental results showed that the best receiver had a near-infrared system quantum efficiency of 0.33% at 4.2 K. The quantum efficiency increased exponentially with the photon energy increase, reaching a few percent level for visible-light photons. The photoresponse pulses of our devices were limited by the meander high kinetic inductance and had the rise and fall times of approximately 250 ps and 5 ns, respectively. The receiver's timing jitter was in the 37 to 58 ps range, approximately 2 to 3 times larger than in our older free-space-coupled SSPDs. We stipulate that this timing jitter is in part due to optical fibre properties. Besides quantum communications, the two-detector arrangement should also find applications in quantum correlation experiments.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0950-0340	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1434
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Author	Rosfjord, Kristine M.; Yang, Joel K. W.; Dauler, Eric A.; Kerman, Andrew J.; Vikas Anant; Voronov, Boris M.; Gol'tsman, Gregory N.; Berggren, Karl K.
Title	Nanowire Single-photon detector with an integrated optical cavity and anti-reflection coating			Type	Journal Article
Year	2006	Publication	Opt. Express	Abbreviated Journal	Opt. Express
Volume	14	Issue	2	Pages	527-534
Keywords	SSPD, SNSPD, cavity
Abstract	We have fabricated and tested superconducting single-photon detectors and demonstrated detection efficiencies of 57% at 1550-nm wavelength and 67% at 1064 nm. In addition to the peak detection efficiency, a median detection efficiency of 47.7% was measured over 132 devices at 1550 nm. These measurements were made at 1.8K, with each device biased to 97.5% of its critical current. The high detection efficiencies resulted from the addition of an optical cavity and anti-reflection coating to a nanowire photodetector, creating an integrated nanoelectrophotonic device with enhanced performance relative to the original device. Here, the testing apparatus and the fabrication process are presented. The detection efficiency of devices before and after the addition of optical elements is also reported.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	1094-4087	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:19503367			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	388
Permanent link to this record