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Author Trifonov, V. A.; Karasik, B. S.; Zorin, M. A.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Lindgren, M.; Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.
Title 9.6 μm wavelength mixing in a patterned YBa2Cu3O7‐δ thin film Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 68 Issue (down) 10 Pages 1418-1420
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB mixers
Abstract Hot‐electron bolometric (HEB) mixing of 9.6 μm infrared radiation from two lasers in high‐quality YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) patterned thin film has been demonstrated. A heterodyne measurement showed an intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidth of 18 GHz, limited by our measurement system. An intrinsic limit of 100 GHz is predicted. Between 0.1 and 1 GHz intermediate frequency, temperature fluctuations with an equivalent output noise temperature Tfl up to ∼150 K, contributed to the mixer noise while Johnson noise dominated above 1 GHz. The overall conversion loss at 77 K at low intermediate frequencies was measured to be ∼25 dB, of which 13 dB was due to the coupling loss. The HEB mixer is very promising for use in heterodyne receivers within the whole infrared range.
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ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1613
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Author Khosropanah, P.; Gao, J. R.; Laauwen, W. M.; Hajenius, M; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Low noise NbN hot electron bolometer mixer at 4.3 THz Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 91 Issue (down) Pages 221111 (1 to 3)
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, NbN, contacts cleaning
Abstract We have studied the sensitivity of a superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer mixer integrated with a spiral antenna at 4.3 THz. Using hot/cold blackbody loads and a beam splitter all in vacuum, we measured a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 1300 K at the optimum local oscillator (LO) power of 330 nW, which is about 12 times the quantum noise (hnu/2kB). Our result indicates that there is no sign of degradation of the mixing process at the superterahertz frequencies. Moreover, a measurement method is introduced which allows us for an accurate determination of the sensitivity despite LO power fluctuations.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 584
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Author An, Zhenghua; Chen, Jeng-Chung; Ueda, T.; Komiyama, S.; Hirakawa, K.
Title Infrared phototransistor using capacitively coupled two-dimensional electron gas layers Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 86 Issue (down) Pages 172106 - 172106-3
Keywords 2DEG
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Call Number RPLAB @ akorneev @ Serial 603
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Author Barends, R.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.
Title Current-induced vortex unbinding in bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 87 Issue (down) Pages 263506 (1 to 3)
Keywords HEB mixer numerical model, HEB model, IV-curves, vortex-antivortex, Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless theory, diffusion cooling channel, diffusion channel, distributed HEB model, distributed model, self-heating effect, temperature profile
Abstract We present a description of the current-voltage characteristics of hot electron bolometers in terms of the current-dependent intrinsic resistive transition of NbN films. We find that, by including this current dependence, we can correctly predict the complete current-voltage characteristics, showing excellent agreement with measurements for both low and high bias and for small as well as large devices. It is assumed that the current dependence is due to vortex-antivortex unbinding as described in the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless theory. The presented approach will be useful in guiding device optimization for noise and bandwidth.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 604
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Author Stevens, M.; Hadfield, R.; Schwall, R.; Nam, S.W.; Mirin, R.; Gupta, J.
Title Fast lifetime measurements of infrared emitters using a low-jitter superconduct- ing single-photon detector Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 89 Issue (down) Pages 031109
Keywords SSPD, jitter, QD, QW
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ akorneev @ Serial 611
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Author Li, T. F.; Pashkin, Yu. A.; Astafiev, O.; Nakamura, Y.; Tsai, J. S.; Im, H.
Title High-frequency metallic nanomechanical resonators Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 92 Issue (down) Pages 043112(1)-043112(3)
Keywords nanomechanical resonator, polycrystalline metal films
Abstract We developed a technology to fabricate fully metallic doubly clamped beams working as nanomechanical resonators. Measured with a magnetomotive detection scheme, the beams, made of polycrystalline metal films, show as good quality as previously reported ones made of single crystal materials, such as Si, GaAs, AlN, and SiC. Our method is compatible with the conventional fabrication process for nanoscale electronic circuits and thus offers a possibility of easily integrating the beams into superconducting charge and flux qubits and single-electron transistors as well as coupling them to coplanar waveguide resonators.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 621
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Author Walther, Christoph; Scalari, Giacomo; Faist, Jerome; Beere, Harvey; Ritchie, David
Title Low frequency terahertz quantum cascade laser operating from 1.6 to 1.8 THz Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 89 Issue (down) Pages 231121(1-3)
Keywords QCL, 360 uW at 1.6 THz
Abstract The authors report a GaAs/Al0.1Ga0.9As quantum cascade laser based on a bound-to-continuum transition optimized for low frequency operation. High tunability of the gain curve is achieved by the Stark effect and laser emission is measured between 1.6 and 1.8 THz. Pulsed mode operation up to 95 K and continuous wave operation up to 80 K are reported. The dynamical range in current is as high as 43%.
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Call Number Serial 629
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Author Sekine, Norihiko; Hosako, Iwao
Title Intensity modulation of terahertz quantum cascade lasers under external light injection Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 95 Issue (down) Pages 201106(1-3)
Keywords QCL modulation, THz, terahertz
Abstract We investigated the light-current characteristics of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers under external light injection, which excites interband transitions in the active materials. It was found that the amount of reduction in the THz power was constant for all injection currents above threshold, and the dependence of the reduction amount on the wavelength of the external light was observed to show a resonancelike feature. The dominant intensity modulation mechanism was found to be the loss change caused by interband transitions in the active region. Further, the effective coupling efficiency plays an important role in the intensity modulation.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 630
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Author Tretyakov, Ivan; Ryabchun, Sergey; Finkel, Matvey; Maslennikova, Anna; Kaurova, Natalia; Lobastova, Anastasia; Voronov, Boris; Gol'tsman, Gregory
Title Low noise and wide bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 98 Issue (down) Pages 033507 (1 to 3)
Keywords NbN HEB mixer
Abstract We report a record double sideband noise temperature of 600 K (5hν/kB) offered by a NbN hot-electron bolometer receiver at 2.5 THz. Allowing for standing wave effects, this value was found to be constant in the intermediate frequency range 1–7 GHz, which indicates that the mixer has an unprecedentedly large noise bandwidth in excess of 7 GHz. The insight into this is provided by gain bandwidth measurements performed at the superconducting transition. They show that the dependence of the bandwidth on the mixer length follows the model for an HEB mixer with diffusion and phonon cooling of the hot electrons.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 638
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Author Inderbitzin, K.; Engel, A.; Schilling, A.; Il'in, K.; Siegel, M.
Title An ultra-fast superconducting Nb nanowire single-photon detector for soft x-rays Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 101 Issue (down) Pages
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, x-ray, Nb
Abstract Although superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are well studied regarding the

detection of infrared/optical photons and keV-molecules, no studies on continuous x-ray photon

counting by thick-film detectors have been reported so far. We fabricated a 100 nm thick niobium

x-ray SNSPD (an X-SNSPD) and studied its detection capability of photons with keV-energies in

continuous mode. The detector is capable to detect photons even at reduced bias currents of 0.4%,

which is in sharp contrast to optical thin-film SNSPDs. No dark counts were recorded in extended

measurement periods. Strikingly, the signal amplitude distribution depends significantly on the photon

energy spectrum.VC
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ seleznev @ Serial 878
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