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Author Burke, P. J.; Schoelkopf, R. J.; Prober, D. E.; Skalare, A.; Karasik, B. S.; Gaidis, M. C.; McGrath, W. R.; Bumble, B.; Leduc, H. G. openurl 
  Title Spectrum of thermal fluctuation noise in diffusion and phonon cooled hot-electron mixers Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 72 Issue 12 Pages 1516-1518  
  Keywords (up) HEB mixer; thermal fluctuation noise; TFN  
  Abstract A systematic study of the intermediate frequency noise bandwidth of Nb thin-film superconducting hot-electron bolometers is presented. We have measured the spectrum of the output noise as well as the conversion efficiency over a very broad intermediate frequency range (from 0.1 to 7.5 GHz) for devices varying in length from 0.08 μm to 3 μm. Local oscillator and rf signals from 8 to 40 GHz were used. For a device of a given length, the spectrum of the output noise and the conversion efficiency behave similarly for intermediate frequencies less than the gain bandwidth, in accordance with a simple thermal model for both the mixing and thermal fluctuation noise. For higher intermediate frequencies the conversion efficiency decreases; in contrast, the noise decreases but has a second contribution which dominates at higher frequency. The noise bandwidth is larger than the gain bandwidth, and the mixer noise is low, between 120 and 530 K (double side band).  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 760  
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Author Siddiqi, I.; Prober, D. E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Nb–Au bilayer hot-electron bolometers for low-noise THz heterodyne detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 84 Issue 8 Pages 1404  
  Keywords (up) HEB, mixers, dynamic range, saturation, LO power, local oscillator power, Nb  
  Abstract The sensitivity of present Nb diffusion-cooled hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers is not quantum limited, and can be improved by reducing the superconducting transition temperature TC. Lowering TC reduces thermal fluctuations, resulting in a decrease of the mixer noise temperature TM. However, lower TC mixers have reduced dynamic range and saturate more easily due to background noise. We present 30 GHz microwave measurements on a bilayer HEB system, Nb–Au, in which TC can be tuned with Au layer thickness to obtain the maximum sensitivity for a given noise background. These measurements are intended as a guide for the optimization of THz mixers. Using a Nb–Au mixer with TC = 1.6 K, we obtain TM = 50 K with 2 nW of local oscillator (LO) power. Good mixer performance is observed over a wide range of LO power and bias voltage and such a device should not exhibit saturation in a THz receiver.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 571  
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Author Fu, K.; Zannoni, R.; Chan, C.; Adams, S. H.; Nicholson, J.; Polizzi, E.; Yngvesson, K. S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Terahertz detection in single wall carbon nanotubes Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 92 Issue 3 Pages 033105  
  Keywords (up) HEB, single wall, carbon nanotube, CNT, SWNT, SWCNT, terahertz detection, THz  
  Abstract It is reported that terahertz radiation from 0.69 to 2.54 THz has been sensitively detected in a device consisting of bundles of carbon nanotubes containing single wall metallic carbon nanotubes, quasioptically coupled through a lithographically fabricated antenna, and a silicon lens. The measured data are consistent with a bolometric detection process in the metallic tubes and the devices show promise for operation well above 4.2 K.  
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  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes NEP is not shown Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 566  
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Author Hocker, L. O.; Sokoloff, D. R.; Daneu, V.; Szoke, A.; Javan, A. openurl 
  Title Frequency mixing in the infrared and far-infrared using a metal-to-metal point contact diode Type Journal Article
  Year 1968 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl Phys Lett  
  Volume 12 Issue 12 Pages  
  Keywords (up) optical antennas  
  Abstract Metal‐to‐metal point contact diodes were used to obtain the 54‐GHz beat notes between two adjacent 10.6‐μ CO2 laser transitions. The speed of the diodes in the far‐infrared is at least 1000 GHz. This was tested with a 337‐μ HCN laser.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 742  
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Author Sprengers, J. P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Jahanmirinejad, S.; Frucci, G.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore A. openurl 
  Title Waveguide superconducting single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 99 Issue 18 Pages 181110(1-3)  
  Keywords (up) optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD  
  Abstract The monolithic integration of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits, and single-photon detectors enables complex and scalable quantum photonic integrated circuits, for application in linear-optics quantum computing and quantum communications. Here, we demonstrate a key component of such a circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (~0%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (~0 ps), and response time in the ns range and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks, and modulators.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 847  
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Author Sekine, Norihiko; Hosako, Iwao openurl 
  Title Intensity modulation of terahertz quantum cascade lasers under external light injection Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 95 Issue Pages 201106(1-3)  
  Keywords (up) QCL modulation, THz, terahertz  
  Abstract We investigated the light-current characteristics of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers under external light injection, which excites interband transitions in the active materials. It was found that the amount of reduction in the THz power was constant for all injection currents above threshold, and the dependence of the reduction amount on the wavelength of the external light was observed to show a resonancelike feature. The dominant intensity modulation mechanism was found to be the loss change caused by interband transitions in the active region. Further, the effective coupling efficiency plays an important role in the intensity modulation.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 630  
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Author Walther, Christoph; Scalari, Giacomo; Faist, Jerome; Beere, Harvey; Ritchie, David openurl 
  Title Low frequency terahertz quantum cascade laser operating from 1.6 to 1.8 THz Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 89 Issue Pages 231121(1-3)  
  Keywords (up) QCL, 360 uW at 1.6 THz  
  Abstract The authors report a GaAs/Al0.1Ga0.9As quantum cascade laser based on a bound-to-continuum transition optimized for low frequency operation. High tunability of the gain curve is achieved by the Stark effect and laser emission is measured between 1.6 and 1.8 THz. Pulsed mode operation up to 95 K and continuous wave operation up to 80 K are reported. The dynamical range in current is as high as 43%.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 629  
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Author Zwiller, V.; Aichele, T.; Seifert, W.; Persson, J.; Benson, O. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Generating visible single photons on demand with single InP quantum dots Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 1509-1511  
  Keywords (up) single photon, quantum dot, InP  
  Abstract  
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  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 503  
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Author Marsili, Francesco; Najafi, Faraz; Herder, Charles; Berggren, Karl K. openurl 
  Title Electrothermal simulation of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 98 Issue 9 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SNAP  
  Abstract We developed an electrothermal model of NbN superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs) on sapphire substrates. SNAPs are single-photon detectors consisting of the parallel connection of N superconducting nanowires. We extrapolated the physical constants of the model from experimental data and we simulated the time evolution of the device resistance, temperature and current by solving two coupled electrical and thermal differential equations describing the nanowires. The predictions of the model were in good quantitative agreement with the experimental results.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 658  
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Author Baek, Burm; Lita, Adriana E.; Verma, Varun; Nam, Sae Woo openurl 
  Title Superconducting a-WxSi1–x nanowire single-photon detector with saturated internal quantum efficiency from visible to 1850 nm Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 98 Issue 25 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SNSPD  
  Abstract We have developed a single-photon detector based on superconducting amorphous tungsten–silicon alloy (a-WxSi1–x) nanowire. Our device made from a uniform a-WxSi1–x nanowire covers a practical detection area (16 μm×16 μm) and shows high sensitivity featuring a plateau of the internal quantum efficiencies, i.e., efficiencies of generating an electrical pulse per absorbed photon, over a broad wavelength and bias range. This material system for superconducting nanowire detector technology could overcome the limitations of the prevalent nanowire devices based on NbN and lead to more practical, ideal single-photon detectors having high efficiency, low noise, and high count rates.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 665  
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Author Tanner, M. G.; Natarajan, C. M.; Pottapenjara, V. K.; O'Connor, J. A.; Warburton, R. J.; Hadfield, R. H.; Baek, B.; Nam, S.; Dorenbos, S. N.; Bermúdez Ureña, E.; Zijlstra, T.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Zwiller, V. openurl 
  Title Enhanced telecom wavelength single-photon detection with NbTiN superconducting nanowires on oxidized silicon Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 96 Issue 22 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SNSPD  
  Abstract Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have emerged as a highly promising infrared single-photon detector technology. Next-generation devices are being developed with enhanced detection efficiency (DE) at key technological wavelengths via the use of optical cavities. Furthermore, new materials and substrates are being explored for improved fabrication versatility, higher DE, and lower dark counts. We report on the practical performance of packaged NbTiN SNSPDs fabricated on oxidized silicon substrates in the wavelength range from 830 to 1700 nm. We exploit constructive interference from the SiO2/Si interface in order to achieve enhanced front-side fiber-coupled DE of 23.2 % at 1310 nm, at 1 kHz dark count rate, with 60 ps full width half maximum timing jitter.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 655  
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Author Terai, Hirotaka; Miki, Shigehito; Yamashita, Taro; Makise, Kazumasa; Wang, Zhen openurl 
  Title Demonstration of single-flux-quantum readout operation for superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 97 Issue 11 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SSPD  
  Abstract A readout circuit using superconducting single-flux-quantum (SFQ) circuits has been developed to realize an independently addressable array of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). We tested the SFQ readout circuits by connecting with SSPDs. The error rates of readout circuits were below 10–5 for input signal amplitude of greater than 18.2 μA. Detection efficiencies (DEs) for single-photon incidents were measured both with and without the connection of a readout circuit. The observed DEs traced almost the same curves regardless of the connection of the readout circuit, except that the SSPD is likely to latch by connecting the readout circuit.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 654  
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Author Gaggero, A.; Nejad, S. Jahanmiri; Marsili, F.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Bitauld, D.; Sahin, D.; Hamhuis, G. J.; Nötzel, R.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore, A. openurl 
  Title Nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors on GaAs for integrated quantum photonic applications Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 97 Issue 15 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SSPD  
  Abstract We demonstrate efficient nanowire superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs) based on NbN thin films grown on GaAs. NbN films ranging from 3 to 5 nm in thickness have been deposited by dc magnetron sputtering on GaAs substrates at 350 °C. These films show superconducting properties comparable to similar films grown on sapphire and MgO. In order to demonstrate the potential for monolithic integration, SSPDs were fabricated and measured on GaAs/AlAs Bragg mirrors, showing a clear cavity enhancement, with a peak quantum efficiency of 18.3% at λ = 1300 nm and T = 4.2 K.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 681  
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Author Stevens, M.; Hadfield, R.; Schwall, R.; Nam, S.W.; Mirin, R.; Gupta, J. doi  openurl
  Title Fast lifetime measurements of infrared emitters using a low-jitter superconduct- ing single-photon detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 89 Issue Pages 031109  
  Keywords (up) SSPD, jitter, QD, QW  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ akorneev @ Serial 611  
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Author Hadfield, Robert. H.; Habif, Jonathan L.; Schlafer, John; Schwall, Robert. E.; Nam, Sae Woo url  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantum key distribution at 1550 nm with twin superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 89 Issue 24 Pages 241129  
  Keywords (up) SSPD, quantum cryptography  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 533  
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