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Henrich, D.; Dorner,S.; Hofherr, M.; Il'in, K.; Semenov, A.; Heintze, E.; Scheffler, M.; Dressel, M.; Siegel, M. |
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Title |
Broadening of hot-spot response spectrum of superconducting NbN nanowire single-photon detector with reduced nitrogen content |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Phys. |
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Volume |
112 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, magnetron sputtering, spectrum, NbN film, nitrogen concentration |
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Abstract |
The spectral detection efficiency and the dark count rate of superconducting nanowire
single-photon detectors (SNSPD) have been studied systematically on detectors made from thin
NbN films with different chemical compositions. Reduction of the nitrogen content in the 4 nm
thick NbN films results in a decrease of the dark count rates more than two orders of magnitude
and in a red shift of the cut-off wavelength of the hot-spot SNSPD response. The observed
phenomena are explained by an improvement of uniformity of NbN films that has been confirmed
by a decrease of resistivity and an increase of the ratio of the measured critical current to the
depairing current. The latter factor is considered as the most crucial for both the cut-off
wavelength and the dark count rates of SNSPD. Based on our results we propose a set of criteria
for material properties to optimize SNSPD in the infrared spectral region. VC 2012 American
Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757625] |
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D. Henrich, S. Dorner, M. Hofherr, K. Il'in, A. Semenov, E. Heintze, M. Scheffler, M. Dressel, M. Siegel |
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English |
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Broadening of hot-spot response spectrum of superconducting NbN nanowire single-photon detector with reduced nitrogen content |
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RPLAB @ seleznev @ |
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877 |
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Author |
Smirnov, E.; Golikov, A.; Zolotov, P.; Kovalyuk, V.; Lobino, M.; Voronov, B.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector on lithium niobate |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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Volume |
1124 |
Issue |
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Pages |
051025 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, lithium niobate, LN |
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Abstract |
We demonstrate superconducting niobium nitride nanowires folded on top of lithium niobate substrate. We report of 6% system detection efficiency at 20 s−1 dark count rate at telecommunication wavelength (1550 nm). Our results shown great potential for the use of NbN nanowires in the field of linear and nonlinear integrated quantum photonics. |
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1742-6588 |
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1194 |
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McCarthy, Aongus; Krichel, Nils J.; Gemmell, Nathan R.; Ren, Ximing; Tanner, Michael G.; Dorenbos, Sander N.; Zwiller, Val; Hadfield, Robert H.; Buller, Gerald S. |
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Title |
Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Opt. Express |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
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Volume |
21 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
8904-8915 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, lidar, SSPD applications, SNSPD applications |
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Abstract |
This paper highlights a significant advance in time-of-flight depth imaging: by using a scanning transceiver which incorporated a free-running, low noise superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, we were able to obtain centimeter resolution depth images of low-signature objects in daylight at stand-off distances of the order of one kilometer at the relatively eye-safe wavelength of 1560 nm. The detector used had an efficiency of 18% at 1 kHz dark count rate, and the overall system jitter was ~100 ps. The depth images were acquired by illuminating the scene with an optical output power level of less than 250 µW average, and using per-pixel dwell times in the millisecond regime. |
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1053 |
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Author |
Elezov, M.; Scherbatenko, M.; Sych, D.; Goltsman, G.; Arakelyan, S.; Evlyukhin, A.; Kalachev, A.; Naumov, A. |
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Title |
Towards the fiber-optic Kennedy quantum receiver |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
EPJ Web Conf. |
Abbreviated Journal |
EPJ Web Conf. |
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Volume |
220 |
Issue |
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Pages |
03011 (1 to 2) |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, Kennedy quantum receiver |
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Abstract |
We consider practical aspects of using standard fiber-optic elements and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for the development of a practical quantum receiver based on the Kennedy scheme. Our receiver allows to discriminate two phase-modulated coherent states of light at a wavelength of 1.5 microns in continuous mode with bit rate 200 Kbit/s and error rate about two times below the standard quantum limit. |
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2100-014X |
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1288 |
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Elvira, D.; Michon, A.; Fain, B.; Patriarche, G.; Beaudoin, G.; Robert-Philip, I.; Vachtomin, Y.; Divochiy, A. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Sagnes, I.; Beveratos, A. |
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Title |
Time-resolved spectroscopy of InAsP/InP(001) quantum dots emitting near 2 μm |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
131907 (1 to 3) |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, InAsP/InP quantum dots |
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Abstract |
By using superconducting single photon detectors, we perform time-resolved characterization of a small ensemble of InAsP/InP quantum dots grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy, emitting at wavelengths between 1.6 and 2.2 μm. We demonstrate that alloying phosphorus with InAs allows to shift the emission wavelength toward higher wavelengths, while keeping the high optical quality of these quantum dots at room temperature, with no decrease in their radiative lifetime. This work was partially supported by Russian Ministry of Science and Education: Federal State Program “Scientific and Educational Cadres of Innovative” state Contract Nos. 02.740.0228, 14.740.11.0343, 14.740.11.0269, and P931, and RFBR Project No. 09-02-12364. |
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0003-6951 |
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1238 |
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Пентин, И. В.; Смирнов, К. В.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б.; Смирнов, А. В.; Ожегов, Р. В.; Дивочий, А. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н. |
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Title |
Быстродействующий терагерцевый приемник и инфракрасный счетчик одиночных фотонов на эффекте разогрева электронов в сверхпроводниковых тонкопленочных наноструктурах |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Труды МФТИ |
Abbreviated Journal |
Труды МФТИ |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
38-42 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, HEB |
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Abstract |
Представлены результаты создания приемных систем терагерцевого диапазона (0.3-70 ТГц), обладающих рекордным быстродействием (50 пс) и высокой чувствительностью (до 5x 10^(-14) Вт/Гц^(1/2)), а также однофотонных приемных систем ближнего инфракрасного диапазона с квантовой эффективностью 25 %, уровнем темнового счета 10-1c., максимальной скоростью счета ~ 100 МГц и временным разрешением до 50 пс. |
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no |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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707 |
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Author |
Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Divochiy, A. V.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Pentin, I. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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Title |
Infrared and terahertz detectors on basis of superconducting nanostructures |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Microwave and Telecom. Technol. (CriMiCo), 20th Int. Crimean Conf. |
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823-824 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, HEB |
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Results of development of single-photon receiving systems of visible, infrared and terahertz range based on thin-film superconducting nanostructures are presented. The receiving systems are produced on the basis of superconducting nanostructures, which function by means of hot-electron phenomena. |
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IEEE |
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RPLAB @ sasha @ smirnov2010infrared |
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1025 |
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Goltsman, G. N.; Korneev, A. A.; Finkel, M. I.; Divochiy, A. V.; Florya, I. N.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Tarkhov, M. A.; Ryabchun, S. A.; Tretyakov, I. V.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Kaurova, N. S.; Chulkova, G. M.; Voronov, B. M. |
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Superconducting hot-electron bolometer as THz mixer, direct detector and IR single-photon counter |
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Abstract |
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2010 |
Publication |
35th Int. Conf. Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves |
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1-1 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, HEB |
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We present a new generation of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) and hot-electron superconducting sensors with record characteristic for many terahertz and optical applications. |
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2162-2027 |
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RPLAB @ sasha @ goltsman2010superconducting |
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1028 |
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Zinoni, C.; Alloing, B.; Li, L. H.; Marsili, F.; Fiore, A.; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, A.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N. |
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Erratum: “Single photon experiments at telecom wavelengths using nanowire superconducting detectors” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 031106 (2007)] |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
089901 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, erratum |
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A calculation error was made in the original publication of this letter. The error was in the calculation of the noise equivalent power (NEP) values for the avalanche photodiode detector (APD) and the superconducting single photon detector (SSPD), the incorrect values were plotted on the right axis in Fig. 1(b). The correct NEP values were calculated with the same equation reported in the original letter and the revised Fig. 1(b) is shown below. The other conclusions of the paper remain unaltered. |
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0003-6951 |
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1395 |
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Rosfjord, Kristine M.; Yang, Joel K. W.; Dauler, Eric A.; Kerman, Andrew J.; Vikas Anant; Voronov, Boris M.; Gol'tsman, Gregory N.; Berggren, Karl K. |
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Nanowire Single-photon detector with an integrated optical cavity and anti-reflection coating |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Opt. Express |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
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14 |
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2 |
Pages |
527-534 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, cavity |
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We have fabricated and tested superconducting single-photon detectors and demonstrated detection efficiencies of 57% at 1550-nm wavelength and 67% at 1064 nm. In addition to the peak detection efficiency, a median detection efficiency of 47.7% was measured over 132 devices at 1550 nm. These measurements were made at 1.8K, with each device biased to 97.5% of its critical current. The high detection efficiencies resulted from the addition of an optical cavity and anti-reflection coating to a nanowire photodetector, creating an integrated nanoelectrophotonic device with enhanced performance relative to the original device. Here, the testing apparatus and the fabrication process are presented. The detection efficiency of devices before and after the addition of optical elements is also reported. |
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1094-4087 |
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PMID:19503367 |
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388 |
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Glejm, A. V.; Anisimov, A. A.; Asnis, L. N.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Divochiy, A. V.; Egorov, V. I.; Kovalyuk, V. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Kynev, S. M.; Nazarov, Yu. V.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Rupasov, A. V.; Smirnov, K. V.; Smirnov, M. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Kozlov, S. A. |
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Quantum key distribution in an optical fiber at distances of up to 200 km and a bit rate of 180 bit/s |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics |
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78 |
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3 |
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171-175 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, applications |
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An experimental demonstration of a subcarrier-wave quantum cryptography system with superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) that distributes a secure key in a single-mode fiber at distance of 25 km with a bit rate of 800 kbit/s, a distance of 100 km with a bit rate of 19 kbit/s, and a distance of 200 km with a bit rate of 0.18 kbit/s is described. |
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1062-8738 |
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RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ |
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940 |
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Morozov, P.; Lukina, M.; Shirmanova, M.; Divochiy, A.; Dudenkova, V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Becker, W.; Shcheslavskiy, V. I. |
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Title |
Singlet oxygen phosphorescence imaging by superconducting single-photon detector and time-correlated single-photon counting |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Opt. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Lett. |
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Volume |
46 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1217-1220 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, applications |
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This Letter presents, to the best of our knowledge, a novel optical configuration for direct time-resolved measurements of luminescence from singlet oxygen, both in solutions and from cultured cells on photodynamic therapy. The system is based on the superconducting single-photon detector, coupled to the confocal scanner that is modified for the near-infrared measurements. The recording of a phosphorescence signal from singlet oxygen at 1270 nm has been done using time-correlated single-photon counting. The performance of the system is verified by measuring phosphorescence from singlet oxygen generated by the photosensitizers commonly used in photodynamic therapy: methylene blue and chlorin e6. The described system can be easily upgraded to the configuration when both phosphorescence from singlet oxygen and fluorescence from the cells can be detected in the imaging mode. Thus, co-localization of the signal from singlet oxygen with the areas inside the cells can be done. |
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English |
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0146-9592 |
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PMID:33720151 |
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1221 |
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Zinoni, C.; Alloing, B.; Li, L. H.; Marsili, F.; Fiore, A.; Lunghi, L.; Gerardino, A.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N. |
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Single-photon experiments at telecommunication wavelengths using nanowire superconducting detectors |
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2007 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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91 |
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3 |
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031106 (1 to 3) |
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SSPD, SNSPD, APD |
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The authors report fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors with specifications that exceed those of avalanche photodiodes, operating at telecommunication wavelength, in sensitivity, temporal resolution, and repetition frequency. The improved performance is demonstrated by measuring the intensity correlation function g(2)(τ) of single-photon states at 1300nm produced by single semiconductor quantum dots.
This work was supported by Swiss National Foundation through the “Professeur borsier” and NCCR Quantum Photonics program, FP6 STREP “SINPHONIA” (Contract No. NMP4-CT-2005-16433), IP “QAP” (Contract No. 15848), NOE “ePIXnet,” and the Italian MIUR-FIRB program. |
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0003-6951 |
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Erratum: 1395 |
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1396 |
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Takemoto, K.; Nambu, Y.; Miyazawa, T.; Sakuma, Y.; Yamamoto, T.; Yorozu, S.; Arakawa, Y. |
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Quantum key distribution over 120 km using ultrahigh purity single-photon source and superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Sci. Rep. |
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5 |
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14383 |
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SSPD, SNSPD applications, quantum key distribution, QKD |
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Advances in single-photon sources (SPSs) and single-photon detectors (SPDs) promise unique applications in the field of quantum information technology. In this paper, we report long-distance quantum key distribution (QKD) by using state-of-the-art devices: a quantum-dot SPS (QD SPS) emitting a photon in the telecom band of 1.5 μm and a superconducting nanowire SPD (SNSPD). At the distance of 100 km, we obtained the maximal secure key rate of 27.6 bps without using decoy states, which is at least threefold larger than the rate obtained in the previously reported 50-km-long QKD experiment. We also succeeded in transmitting secure keys at the rate of 0.307 bps over 120 km. This is the longest QKD distance yet reported by using known true SPSs. The ultralow multiphoton emissions of our SPS and ultralow dark count of the SNSPD contributed to this result. The experimental results demonstrate the potential applicability of QD SPSs to practical telecom QKD networks. |
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Ozhegov, R.; Elezov, M.; Kurochkin, Y.; Kurochkin, V.; Divochiy, A.; Kovalyuk, V.; Vachtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K.; Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
Quantum key distribution over 300 |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
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Volume |
9440 |
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1F (1 to 9) |
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SSPD, SNSPD applicatins, quantum key distribution, QKD |
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We discuss the possibility of polarization state reconstruction and measurement over 302 km by Superconducting Single- Photon Detectors (SSPDs). Because of the excellent characteristics and the possibility to be effectively coupled to singlemode optical fiber many applications of the SSPD have already been reported. The most impressive one is the quantum key distribution (QKD) over 250 km distance. This demonstration shows further possibilities for the improvement of the characteristics of quantum-cryptographic systems such as increasing the bit rate and the quantum channel length, and decreasing the quantum bit error rate (QBER). This improvement is possible because SSPDs have the best characteristics in comparison with other single-photon detectors. We have demonstrated the possibility of polarization state reconstruction and measurement over 302.5 km with superconducting single-photon detectors. The advantage of an autocompensating optical scheme, also known as “plugandplay” for quantum key distribution, is high stability in the presence of distortions along the line. To increase the distance of quantum key distribution with this optical scheme we implement the superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD). At the 5 MHz pulse repetition frequency and the average photon number equal to 0.4 we measured a 33 bit/s quantum key generation for a 101.7 km single mode ber quantum channel. The extremely low SSPD dark count rate allowed us to keep QBER at 1.6% level. |
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SPIE |
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Orlikovsky, A. A. |
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International Conference on Micro- and Nano-Electronics |
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RPLAB @ sasha @ ozhegov2014quantum |
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1048 |
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