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Author Lindgren, M.; Currie, M.; Zeng, W.-S.; Sobolewski, R.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Picosecond response of a superconducting hot-electron NbN photodetector Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Supercond.
Volume 6 Issue 7-9 Pages 423-428
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract The ps optical response of ultrathin NbN photodetectors has been studied by electro-optic sampling. The detectors were fabricated by patterning ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) NbN films deposited on sapphire by reactive magnetron sputtering into either a 5×10 μm2 microbridge or 25 1 μm wide, 5 μm long strips connected in parallel. Both structures were placed at the center of a 4 mm long coplanar waveguide covered with Ti/Au. The photoresponse was studied at temperatures ranging from 2.15 K to 10 K, with the samples biased in the resistive (switched) state and illuminated with 100 fs wide laser pulses at 395 nm wavelength. At T=2.15 K, we obtained an approximately 100 ps wide transient, which corresponds to a NbN detector response time of 45 ps. The photoresponse can be attributed to the nonequilibrium electron heating effect, where the incident radiation increases the temperature of the electron subsystem, while the phonons act as the heat sink. The high-speed response of NbN devices makes them an excellent choice for an optoelectronic interface for superconducting digital circuits, as well as mixers for the terahertz regime. The multiple-strip detector showed a linear dependence on input optical power and a responsivity =3.9 V/W.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0964-1807 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes (up) Approved no
Call Number Serial 1584
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Author Goltsman, Gregory
Title Superconducting thin film nanostructures as terahertz and infrared heterodyne and direct detectors Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication 16th ISEC Abbreviated Journal 16th ISEC
Volume Issue Pages Th-I-QTE-03 (1 to 3)
Keywords waveguide SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chipquantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device.
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Area Expedition Conference IEEE/CSC & ESAS Superconductivity News Forum
Notes (up) Approved no
Call Number Serial 1745
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Author Gol’tsman, G.N.
Title Overview of recent results for superconducting NbN terahertz and optical detectors and mixers Type Miscellaneous
Year 2014 Publication SM2 – Seminar on Terahertz Photonics Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 0562
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, HEB
Abstract We present our recent achievements in the development of sensitive and ultrafast thin-film superconducting sensors: hot-electron bolometers (HEB), HEB-mixers for terahertz range and infrared single-photon counters. These sensors have already demonstrated a performance that makes them devices-of-choice for many terahertz and optical applications.
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Notes (up) Approved no
Call Number Serial 1746
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Author Shcherbatenko, M.; Elezov, M.; Manova, N.; Sedykh, K.; Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Dryazgov, M.; Simonov, N.; Feimov, A.; Goltsman, G.; Sych, D.
Title Single-pixel camera with a large-area microstrip superconducting single photon detector on a multimode fiber Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 118 Issue 18 Pages 181103
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract High sensitivity imaging at the level of single photons is an invaluable tool in many areas, ranging from microscopy to astronomy. However, development of single-photon sensitive detectors with high spatial resolution is very non-trivial. Here we employ the single-pixel imaging approach and demonstrate a proof-of-principle single-pixel single-photon imaging setup. We overcome the problem of low light gathering efficiency by developing a large-area microstrip superconducting single photon detector coupled to a multi-mode optical fiber interface. We show that the setup operates well in the visible and near infrared spectrum, and is able to capture images at the single-photon level.

We thank Philipp Zolotov and Pavel Morozov for NbN film fabrication, ARC coating, and fiber coupling of the detector. We also thank Swabian Instruments GmbH and Dr. Helmut Fedder personally for the kindly provided experimental equipment (Time Tagger Ultra 8). The work in the part of SNSPD research and development was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research Project No. 18-29-20100. The work in the part of the optical setup and imaging was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research Project No. 20-32-51004.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes (up) Approved no
Call Number Serial 1770
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Author Korneev, A. A.
Title Superconducting NbN microstrip single-photon detectors Type Abstract
Year 2021 Publication Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting Abbreviated Journal Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting
Volume 11771 Issue Pages
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors (SSPD) invented two decades ago have evolved to a mature technology and have become devices of choice in the advanced applications of quantum optics, such as quantum cryptography and optical quantum computing. In these applications SSPDs are coupled to single-mode fibers and feature almost unity detection efficiency, negligible dark counts, picosecond timing jitter and MHz photon count rate. Meanwhile, there are great many applications requiring coupling to multi-mode fibers or free space. ‘Classical’ SSPDs with 100-nm-wide superconducting strip and covering area of about 100 µm2 are not suitable for further scaling due to degradation of performance and low fabrication yield. Recently we have demonstrated single-photon counting in micron-wide superconducting bridges and strips. Here we present our approach to the realization of practical photon-counting detectors of large enough area to be efficiently coupled to multi-mode fibers or free space. The detector is either a meander or a spiral of 1-µm-wide strip covering an area of 50x50 µm2. Being operated at 1.7K temperature it demonstrates the saturated detection efficiency (i.e. limited by the absorption in the detector) up to 1550 nm wavelength, about 10 ns dead time and timing jitter in range 50-100 ps.
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Publisher SPIE Place of Publication Editor Prochazka, I.; Štefaňák, M.; Sobolewski, R.; Gábris, A.
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Area Expedition Conference Quantum Optics and Photon Counting; SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, 2021, Online Only
Notes (up) Approved no
Call Number Serial 1784
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