| Records |
| Author |
Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Hübers, H.-W.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. |
| Title |
Development of terahertz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication  |
Proc. 6th European Conf. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 6th European Conf. Appl. Supercond. |
| Volume |
181 |
Issue |
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Pages |
2960-2965 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We present recent results of the development of phonon cooled hot-electron bolometric (HEB) mixers for airborne and balloon borne terahertz heterodyne receivers. Three iomportant issues have been addresses: the quality of NbN films the HEB mixers were made from, the spectral properties of the HEB mixers and the local oscillator power required for optical operation. Studies with an atomic force microscope indicate, that the performance of the HEB mixer might have been effected by the microstructure of the NbN film. Antenna gain and noise temperature were investigated at terahertz frequencies for a HEB embedded in either log-spiral or twin-slot feed antenna. Comparison suggests that at frequencies above 3 THz the spiral feed provides better overall performance. At 1.6 THz, a power of 2.5 µW was required from the local oscillator for optimal operation of the HEB mixer. |
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Sorrento, Italy |
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0750309814, 978-0750309813 |
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1505 |
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| Author |
Kawamura, J.; Blundell, R.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Voronov, B. |
| Title |
NbN hot-electron mixer measurements at 200 GHz |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
254-261 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We present noise and gain measurements of resistively driven NbN hot-electron mixers near 200 GHz. The device geometry is chosen so that the dominant cooling process of the hot-electrons is their interaction with the lattice. Except for a single batch, the intermediate frequency cut-off of these mixer elements is – 3 700 MHz, and has shown little variation among other batches of devices. At 100 MHz we measured intrinsic mixer losses as low as —3 dB. We measured the noise temperatures at several intermediate frequencies, and for the best de- vice at 137 MHz with 20 MHz bandwidth, we measured 2000 K; using a low-noise first- stage amplifier at 1.5 GHz with 200 MHz bandwidth, the receiver noise temperature measured 2800 K. We estimate that the noise contribution from the mixer is 500 K and the total losses are —15 dB at 137 MHz. |
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1626 |
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| Author |
Hesler, J. L.; Hall, W. R.; Crowe, T. W.; Weikle, R. M.; Bradley, R. F.; Pan, Shing-Kuo |
| Title |
Submm wavelenght waveguide mixers using planar Schottky barier diods |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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462 |
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no |
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270 |
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Kawamura, J.; Blundell, R.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Golts'man, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Voronov B. |
| Title |
Superconductive NbN hot-electron bolometric mixer performance at 250 GHz |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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331-336 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
Thin film NbN (<40 A) strips are used as waveguide mixer elements. The electron cooling mechanism for the geometry is the electron-phonon interaction. We report a receiver noise temperature of 750 K at 244 GHz, with / IF = 1.5 GHz, Af= 500 MHz, and Tphysical = 4 K. The instantaneous bandwidth for this mixer is 1.6 GHz. The local oscillator (LO) power is 0.5 1.tW with 3 dB-uncertainty. The mixer is linear to 1 dB up to an input power level 6 dB below the LO power. We report the first detection of a molecular line emission using this class of mixer, and that the receiver noise temperature determined from Y-factor measurements reflects the true heterodyne sensitivity. |
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no |
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945 |
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| Author |
Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm; Semenov, Alexei; Schubert, Josef; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Voronov, Boris; Gershenzon, Evgeni |
| Title |
Performance of the phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometric mixer between 0.7 THz and 5.2 THz |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Proc. 8-th Int. Conf. on Terahertz Electronics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 8-th Int. Conf. on Terahertz Electronics |
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117-119 |
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NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We report on the phonon cooled NbN hot electron bolometer as mixer in the terahertz frequency range. Its hybrid antenna consists of a hyperhemispheric silicon lens and a logarithmic-spiral feed antenna. Noise temperatures have been measured between 0.7 THz and 5.2 THz. A quarter wavelength layer of Parylene works as antireflection coating for the silicon lens and reduces the noise temperature by about 30. It was found that the antenna pattern at 2.5 THz is determined by the feed antenna and not by the diameter of the lens. |
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Darmstadt, Germany |
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International Conference on Terahertz Electronics [8th], Held inDarmstadt, Germany on 28-29 September 2000 |
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no |
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1553 |
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| Author |
Kawamura, J.; Blundell, R.; Tong, C-Y. E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Voronov, B.; Cherednichenko, S. |
| Title |
Phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixers for submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume |
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Pages |
23-28 |
| Keywords |
waveguide NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
The noise performance of receivers incorporating NbN phonon-cooled superconducting hot electron bolometric mixers is measured from 200 GHz to 900 GHz. The mixer elements are thin-film (thickness — 4 nm) NbN with —5 to 40 pm area fabricated on crystalline quartz sub- strates. The receiver noise temperature from 200 GHz to 900 GHz demonstrates no unexpected degradation with increasing frequency, being roughly TRx ,; 1-2 K The best receiver noise temperatures are 410 K (DSB) at 430 GHz, 483 K at 636 GHz, and 1150 K at 800 GHz. |
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275 |
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Kerr, A. R.; Feldman, M. J.; Pan, S.-K. |
| Title |
Receiver noise temperature, the quantum noise limit, and zero–point fluctuations |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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101-111 |
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277 |
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Kawamura, Jonathan; Blundell, Raymond; Tong, C.-Y. Edward; Papa, D. Cosmo; Hunter, Todd R.; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Cherednichenko, Sergei; Voronov, Boris; Gershenzon, Eugene |
| Title |
First light with an 800 GHz phonon-cooled HEB mixer receiver |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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35-43 |
| Keywords |
HEB, mixer, LO power, local oscillator power, saturation effect, dynamic range |
| Abstract |
Phonon-cooled superconductive hot-electron bolometric (HEB) mixers are incorporated in a waveguide receiver designed to operate near 800 Gliz. The mixer elements are thin-film nio- bium nitride microbridges with dimensions of 4 nm thickness, 0.2 to 0.3 p.m in length and 2 jun in width. At 780 GHz the best receiver noise temperature is 840 K (DSB). The mixer IF bandwidth is 2.0 GHz, the absorbed LO power is —0.1 1.1W. A fixed-tuned version of the re- ceiver was installed at the Submillimeter Telescope Observatory on Mt. Graham, Arizona, to conduct astronomical observations. These observations represent the first time that a receiver incorporating any superconducting HEB mixer has been used to detect a spectral line of celes- tial origin. |
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Pasadena, California, USA |
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572 |
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Palermo, C.; Varani, L.; Vaissière, J.-C.; Millithaler, J.-F.; Starikov, E.; Shiktorov, P.; Gruzinskis, V.; Azaïs, B. |
| Title |
Monte Carlo calculation of diffusion coefficient, noise spectral density and noise temperature in HgCdTe |
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Conference Article |
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2005 |
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Proc. AIP Conf. |
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780 |
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151-154 |
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460 |
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Hübers, H.-W.; Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Birk, Manfred; Krocka, Michael; Mair, Ulrich; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B. |
| Title |
Terahertz heterodyne receiver with a hot-electron bolometer mixer |
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Conference Article |
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2002 |
Publication |
Proc. Far-IR, Sub-mm, and mm Detector Technology Workshop |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Far-IR, Sub-mm, and mm Detector Technology Workshop |
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NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz (THz) heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a µW power from the local oscillator (LO). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, are of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated the performance of the receiver. This yields important information for the development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA)[1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR. |
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Monterey, CA, USA |
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Wold, J.; Davidson, J. |
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| Notes |
4 pages; Unconfirmed but cited in https://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/1622/1/bedorf.pdf; There is a Program of the Workshop: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7411055/far-ir-submm-mm-detector-technology-workshop-sofia-usra (there is no title of this article in the Program); There is also identical publication in Proc. ISSTT (Serial: 332, “A broadband terahertz heterodyne receiver with an NbN HEB mixer”). |
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1829 |
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