| Records |
| Author |
Hübers, H.-W.; Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Birk, M.; Krocka, M.; Mair, U.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Voronov, B. |
| Title |
Terahertz Heterodyn Receiver with a hot-electron bolometer mixer |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication  |
Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop |
Abbreviated Journal |
Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop |
| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
3-24 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz (THz) heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a µW power from the local oscillator (LO). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, are of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated the performance of the receiver. This yields important information for the development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA) [1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR. |
| Address |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
NASA |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Wolf, U.; Farhoomand, J.; McCreight, C.R. |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
NASA CP |
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| Notes |
Volume: 211408 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1537 |
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| Author |
Tong, C. E.; Blundell, R.; Papa, D. C.; Smith, M.; Kawamura, J.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Voronov, B. |
| Title |
An all solid-state superconducting heterodyne receiver at terahertz frequencies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
IEEE Microw. Guid. Wave Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Microw. Guid. Wave Lett. |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
366-368 |
| Keywords |
waveguide NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
A superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer-receiver operating from 1 to 1.26 THz has been developed. This heterodyne receiver employs two solid-state local oscillators each consisting of a Gunn oscillator followed by two stages of varactor frequency multiplication. The measured receiver noise temperature is 1350 K at 1.035 THz and 2700 K at 1.26 THz. This receiver demonstrates that tunable solid-state local oscillators, supplying only a few micro-watts of output power, can be used in terahertz receiver applications. |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1051-8207 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1565 |
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| Author |
Meledin, D.; Tong, C.-Y. E.; Blundell, R.; Goltsman, G. |
| Title |
Measurement of intermediate frequency bandwidth of hot electron bolometer mixers at terahertz frequency range |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett. |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
493-495 |
| Keywords |
waveguide NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We have developed a new experimental setup for measuring the IF bandwidth of superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers. In our measurement system we use a chopped hot filament as a broadband signal source, and can perform a high-speed IF scan with no loss of accuracy when compared to coherent methods. Using this technique we have measured the 3 dB IF bandwidth of hot electron bolometer mixers, designed for THz frequency operation, and made from 3-4 nm thick NbN film deposited on an MgO buffer layer over crystalline quartz. |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1531-1309 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1509 |
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| Author |
Tong, C.-Y. E.; Meledin, D.; Loudkov, D.; Blundell, R.; Erickson, N.; Kawamura, J.; Mehdi, I.; Gol’tsman, G. |
| Title |
A 1.5 THz Hot-Electron Bolometer mixer operated by a planar diode based local oscillator |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
751-754 |
| Keywords |
waveguide NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We have developed a 1.5 THz superconducting NbN Hot-Electron Bolometer mixer. It is operated by an all-solid-state Local Oscillator comprising of a cascade of 4 planar doublers following an MMIC based W-band power amplifier. The threshold available pump power is estimated to be 1 /spl mu/W. |
| Address |
Philadelphia, PA, USA |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1516 |
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| Author |
Shurakov, Alexander; Tong, Edward; Blundell, Raymond; Gol'tsman, Gregory |
| Title |
Microwave stabilization of HEB mixer by a microchip controller |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-3 |
| Keywords |
HEB mixer stability, microwave injection, Allan variance, Allan time |
| Abstract |
The stability of a Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB) mixer can be improved by the use of microwave injection. In this article we report a refinement of this approach. We introduce a microchip controller to facilitate the implementation of the stabilization scheme, and demonstrate that the feedback loop effectively suppresses drifts in the HEB bias current, leading to an improvement in the receiver stability. The measured Allan time of the mixer's IF output power is increased to > 10 s. |
| Address |
Montreal, QC, Canada |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
857 |
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| Author |
Loudkov, D.; Tong, C. Y. E.; Blundell, R.; Kaurova, N.; Grishina, E.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. |
| Title |
An investigation of the performance of the superconducting HEB슠mixer as a function of its RF슠embedding impedance |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
472-475 |
| Keywords |
HEB mixer |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
IEEE |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Approved |
no |
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Serial |
371 |
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| Author |
Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Okunev, O. V.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Ekstrom, H.; Jacobsson, S.; Kollberg, E. |
| Title |
NbN hot electron superconducting mixers for 100 GHz operation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
3065-3068 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
NbN is a promising superconducting material for hot-electron superconducting mixers with an IF bandwidth larger than 1 GHz. In the 1OO GHz frequency range, the following parameters were obtained for 50 /spl Aring/ thick NbN films at 4.2 K: receiver noise temperature (DSB) /spl sim/1000 K; conversion loss /spl sim/10 dB; IF bandwidth /spl sim/1 GHz; and local oscillator power /spl sim/1 /spl mu/W. An increase of the critical current of the NbN film, increased working temperature, and a better mixer matching may allow a broader IF bandwidth up to 2 GHz, reduced conversion losses down to 3-5 dB and a receiver noise temperature (DSB) down to 200-300 K. |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1051-8223 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
About LO power required |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
255 |
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| Author |
Hans Ekstrom; Karasik, Boris S.; Kollberg, Erik L.; Sigfrid Yngvesson |
| Title |
Conversion gain and noise of niobium superconducting hot–electron–mixers |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
43 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
938-947 |
| Keywords |
Nb HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
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Approved |
no |
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Serial |
254 |
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| Author |
Kawamura, J. H.; Tong, C.-Y.E.; Blundell, R.; Cosmo Papa, D.; Hunter, T. R.; Gol'tsman, G.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E. |
| Title |
An 800 GHz NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer receiver |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
3753-3756 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We describe a heterodyne receiver developed for astronomical applications to operate in the 350 /spl mu/m atmospheric window. The waveguide receiver employs a superconductive NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer. The double sideband receiver noise temperature closely follows 1 kGHz/sup -1/ across 780-870 GHz, with the intermediate frequency centered at 1.4 GHz. The conversion loss is about 15 dB. The receiver was installed for operation at the University of Arizona/Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Submillimeter Telescope facility. The instrument was successfully used to conduct test observations of a number of celestial sources in a number of astronomically important spectral lines. |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1051-8223 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
288 |
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| Author |
Kroug, M.; Cherednichenko, S.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Hübers, H. W.; Richter, H. |
| Title |
NbN hot electron bolometric mixers for terahertz receivers |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
962-965 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
Sensitivity and gain bandwidth measurements of phonon-cooled NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers are presented. The best receiver noise temperatures are: 700 K at 1.6 THz and 1100 K at 2.5 THz. Parylene as an antireflection coating on silicon has been investigated and used in the optics of the receiver. The dependence of the mixer gain bandwidth (GBW) on the bias voltage has been measured. Starting from low bias voltages, close to operating conditions yielding the lowest noise temperature, the GBW increases towards higher bias voltages, up to three times the initial value. The highest measured GBW is 9 GHz within the same bias range the noise temperature increases by a factor of two. |
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Conference |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
312 |
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