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| Author |
Korneev, Alexander; Korneeva, Yulia; Florya, Irina; Elezov, Michael; Manova, Nadezhda; Tarkhov, Michael; An, Pavel; Kardakova, Anna; Isupova, Anastasiya; Chulkova, Galina; Voronov, Boris |
| Title |
Recent advances in superconducting NbN single-photon detector development |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume |
8072 |
Issue |
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Pages |
807202 (1 to 10) |
| Keywords |
SSPD |
| Abstract |
Superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) is a planar nanostructure patterned from 4-nm-thick NbN film deposited on sapphire substrate. The sensitive element of the SSPD is 100-nm-wide NbN strip. The device is operated at liquid helium temperature. Absorption of a photon leads to a local suppression of superconductivity producing subnanosecond-long voltage pulse. In infrared (at 1550 nm and longer wavelengths) SSPD outperforms avalanche photodiodes in terms of detection efficiency (DE), dark counts rate, maximum counting rate and timing jitter. Efficient single-mode fibre coupling of the SSPD enabled its usage in many applications ranging from single-photon sources research to quantum cryptography. Recently we managed to improve the SSPD performance and measured 25% detection efficiency at 1550 nm wavelength and dark counts rate of 10 s-1. We also improved photon-number resolving SSPD (PNR-SSPD) which realizes a spatial multiplexing of incident photons enabling resolving of up to 4 simultaneously absorbed photons. Another improvement is the increase of the photon absorption using a λ/4 microcavity integrated with the SSPD. And finally in our strive to increase the DE at longer wavelengths we fabricated SSPD with the strip almost twice narrower compared to the standard 100 nm and demonstrated that in middle infrared (about 3 μm wavelength) these devices have DE several times higher compared to the traditional SSPDs. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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663 |
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Pernice, W.; Schuck, C.; Li, M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Sergienko, A. V.; Tang, H. X. |
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High speed travelling wave single-photon detectors with near-unity quantum efficiency |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
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arXiv |
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arXiv |
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1-14 |
| Keywords |
SPD |
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Ultrafast, high quantum efficiency single photon detectors are among the most sought-after elements in modern quantum optics and quantum communication. Close-to-unity photon detection efficiency is essential for scalable measurement-based quantum computation, quantum key distribution, and loophole-free Bell experiments. However, imperfect modal matching and finite photon absorption rates have usually limited the maximum attainable detection efficiency of single photon detectors. Here we demonstrate a superconducting nanowire detector atop nanophotonic waveguides and achieve single photon detection efficiency up to 94% at telecom wavelengths. Our detectors are fully embedded in a scalable, low loss silicon photonic circuit and provide ultrashort timing jitter of 18ps at multi-GHz detection rates. Exploiting this high temporal resolution we demonstrate ballistic photon transport in silicon ring resonators. The direct implementation of such a detector with high quantum efficiency, high detection speed and low jitter time on chip overcomes a major barrier in integrated quantum photonics. |
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arXiv:1108.5299 |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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661 |
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Marsili, Francesco; Najafi, Faraz; Dauler, Eric; Bellei, Francesco; Hu, Xiaolong; Csete, Maria; Molnar, Richard J.; Berggren, Karl K. |
| Title |
Single-photon detectors based on ultranarrow superconducting nanowires |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Nano Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nano Lett. |
| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
2048–2053 |
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SNSPD |
| Abstract |
We report efficient single-photon detection (η = 20% at 1550 nm wavelength) with ultranarrow (20 and 30 nm wide) superconducting nanowires, which were shown to be more robust to constrictions and more responsive to 1550 nm wavelength photons than standard superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, based on 90 nm wide nanowires. We also improved our understanding of the physics of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors, which we used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of ultranarrow-nanowire detectors by a factor of 4, thus relaxing the requirements on the read-out circuitry and making the devices suitable for a broader range of applications. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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659 |
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Marsili, Francesco; Najafi, Faraz; Herder, Charles; Berggren, Karl K. |
| Title |
Electrothermal simulation of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
| Volume |
98 |
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9 |
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3 |
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SNAP |
| Abstract |
We developed an electrothermal model of NbN superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs) on sapphire substrates. SNAPs are single-photon detectors consisting of the parallel connection of N superconducting nanowires. We extrapolated the physical constants of the model from experimental data and we simulated the time evolution of the device resistance, temperature and current by solving two coupled electrical and thermal differential equations describing the nanowires. The predictions of the model were in good quantitative agreement with the experimental results. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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658 |
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Масленникова, А. В.; Рябчун, С. А.; Финкель, М. И.; Каурова, Н. С.; Исупова, А. А.; Воронов, Б. М.; Гольцман, Г. Н. |
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Широкополосные смесители на горячих электронах на основе NbN наноструктур |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Труды Московского физико-технического института |
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Труды МФТИ |
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3 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
31-34 |
| Keywords |
HEB mixer |
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Мы приводим данные исследования полосы преобразования смесителей на горячих электронах (hot-electron bolometer, НЕВ), изготовленных на основе тонких пленок NbN. Зависимость полосы преобразования от длины смесительного элемента находится в прекрасном согласии с результатами теоретической модели HEB-смесителя, в котором энергетическая релаксация электронов одновременно происходит по двум каналам: фононному и диффузионному. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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646 |
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Ларионов, П.А.; Рябчун, С.А.; Финкель, М.И.; Гольцман, Г.Н. |
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Вывешенный сверхпроводящий детектор терагерцового диапазона |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Труды Московского физико-технического института |
Abbreviated Journal |
Труды МФТИ |
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3 |
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2 |
Pages |
29-30 |
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вывешенный болометр, терагерцовый диапазон, сверхпроводящие пленки |
| Abstract |
Рассматриваются технологические особенности создания чувствительного вывешен- ного детектора терагерцевого диапазона на основе плёнки MoRe. Предлагается воз- можный маршрут создания такого детектора и поясняется выбор материалов, ис- пользуемых для создания детектора. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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645 |
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Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. |
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New generation of nanowire NbN superconducting single-photon detector for mid-infrared |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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21 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
323-326 |
| Keywords |
SSPD |
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We present a break-through approach to mid-infrared single-photon detection based on nanowire NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD). Although SSPD became a mature technology for telecom wavelengths (1.3-1.55 μm) its further expansion to mid-infrared wavelength was hampered by low sensitivity above 2 μm. We managed to overcome this limit by reducing the nanowire width to 50 nm, while retaining high superconducting properties and connecting the wires in parallel to produce a voltage response of sufficient magnitude. The new device exhibits 10 times better quantum efficiency at 3.5 μm wavelength than the “standard” SSPD. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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644 |
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Beck, M.; Klammer, M.; Lang, S.; Leiderer, P.; Kabanov, V. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Demsar, J. |
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Energy-gap dynamics of superconducting NbN thin films studied by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Phys. Rev. Lett. |
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Phys. Rev. Lett. |
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107 |
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17 |
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4 |
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NbN thin film, energy gap dynamics |
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Using time-domain terahertz spectroscopy we performed direct studies of the photoinduced suppression and recovery of the superconducting gap in a conventional BCS superconductor NbN. Both processes are found to be strongly temperature and excitation density dependent. The analysis of the data with the established phenomenological Rothwarf-Taylor model enabled us to determine the bare quasiparticle recombination rate, the Cooper pair-breaking rate and the electron-phonon coupling constant, λ=1.1±0.1, which is in excellent agreement with theoretical estimates. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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641 |
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Tretyakov, Ivan; Ryabchun, Sergey; Finkel, Matvey; Maslennikova, Anna; Kaurova, Natalia; Lobastova, Anastasia; Voronov, Boris; Gol'tsman, Gregory |
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Low noise and wide bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer mixers |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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98 |
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033507 (1 to 3) |
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NbN HEB mixer |
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We report a record double sideband noise temperature of 600 K (5hν/kB) offered by a NbN hot-electron bolometer receiver at 2.5 THz. Allowing for standing wave effects, this value was found to be constant in the intermediate frequency range 1–7 GHz, which indicates that the mixer has an unprecedentedly large noise bandwidth in excess of 7 GHz. The insight into this is provided by gain bandwidth measurements performed at the superconducting transition. They show that the dependence of the bandwidth on the mixer length follows the model for an HEB mixer with diffusion and phonon cooling of the hot electrons. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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638 |
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Манова, Н.Н.; Корнеева, Ю.П.; Корнеев, А.А.; Слыш, В.; Воронов, Б.М.; Гольцман, Г.Н. |
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Сверхпроводниковый NbN однофотонный детектор, интегрированный с четвертьволновым резонатором |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Письма в Журнал технической физики |
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ПЖТФ |
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37 |
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10 |
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7 |
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SSPD |
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Исследована спектральная зависимость квантовой эффективности сверхпроводниковых NbN однофотонных детекторов, интегрированных с оптическими четвертьволновыми резонаторами с использованием диэлектриков Si3N4, SiO2, SiO. |
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