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Author |
Peruzzo, Alberto; Laing, Anthony; Politi, Alberto; Rudolph, Terry; O'Brien, Jeremy L. |
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Title |
Multimode quantum interference of photons in multiport integrated devices |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Nature Communications |
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Nat. Comm. |
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2 |
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224 |
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6 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Photonics is a leading approach in realizing future quantum technologies and recently, optical waveguide circuits on silicon chips have demonstrated high levels of miniaturization and performance. Multimode interference (MMI) devices promise a straightforward implementation of compact and robust multiport circuits. Here, we show quantum interference in a 2×2 MMI coupler with visibility of V=95.6+/-0.9%. We further demonstrate the operation of a 4×4 port MMI device with photon pairs, which exhibits complex quantum interference behaviour. We have developed a new technique to fully characterize such multiport devices, which removes the need for phase-sensitive measurements and may find applications for a wide range of photonic devices. Our results show that MMI devices can operate in the quantum regime with high fidelity and promise substantial simplification and concatenation of photonic quantum circuits. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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763 |
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Author |
Novotny, Lukas; van Hulst, Niek |
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Title |
Antennas for light |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Photon. |
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5 |
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2 |
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83-90 |
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optical antennas |
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Optical antennas are devices that convert freely propagating optical radiation into localized energy, and vice versa. They enable the control and manipulation of optical fields at the nanometre scale, and hold promise for enhancing the performance and efficiency of photodetection, light emission and sensing. Although many of the properties and parameters of optical antennas are similar to their radiowave and microwave counterparts, they have important differences resulting from their small size and the resonant properties of metal nanostructures. This Review summarizes the physical properties of optical antennas, provides a summary of some of the most important recent developments in the field, discusses the potential applications and identifies the future challenges and opportunities. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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748 |
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Kosako, Terukazu; Kadoya, Yutaka; Hofmann, Holger F. |
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Title |
Directional control of light by a nano-optical Yagi–Uda antenna |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Photon. |
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4 |
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312 - 315 |
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optical antennas |
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The plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles can direct light from optical emitters in much the same way that radiofrequency antennas direct the emission from electrical circuits. Recently, rapid progress has been made in the realization of single-element antennas for optical waves. Because most of these devices are designed to optimize the local near-field coupling between the antenna and an emitter, the possibility of modifying the spatial radiation pattern has not yet received as much attention. In the radiofrequency regime, a typical antenna design for high directivity is the Yagi–Uda antenna, which essentially consists of a one-dimensional array of antenna elements driven by a single feed element. By fabricating a corresponding array of nanoparticles, similar radiation patterns can be obtained in the optical regime. Here, we present the experimental demonstration of directional control of radiation from a nano-optical Yagi–Uda antenna composed of appropriately tuned gold nanorods. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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747 |
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Schwarz, Brent |
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Title |
Lidar: Mapping the world in 3D |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Photon. |
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4 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
429-430 |
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LIDAR |
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A high-definition LIDAR system with a rotating sensor head containing 64 semiconductor lasers allows the efficient generation of 3D environment maps at unprecedented levels of detail. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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696 |
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Author |
Konstantatos, Gerasimos; Sargent, Edward H. |
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Title |
Nanostructured materials for photon detection |
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2010 |
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Nature Nanotechnology |
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Nat. Nanotech. |
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5 |
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6 |
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391–400 |
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The detection of photons underpins imaging, spectroscopy, fibre-optic communications and time-gated distance measurements. Nanostructured materials are attractive for detection applications because they can be integrated with conventional silicon electronics and flexible, large-area substrates, and can be processed from the solution phase using established techniques such as spin casting, spray coating and layer-by-layer deposition. In addition, their performance has improved rapidly in recent years. Here we review progress in light sensing using nanostructured materials, focusing on solution-processed materials such as colloidal quantum dots and metal nanoparticles. These devices exhibit phenomena such as absorption of ultraviolet light, plasmonic enhancement of absorption, size-based spectral tuning, multiexciton generation, and charge carrier storage in surface and interface traps. |
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SSPD |
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no |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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684 |
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Freer, Erik M.; Grachev, Oleg; Duan, Xiangfeng; Martin, Samuel; Stumbo, David P. |
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Title |
High-yield self-limiting single-nanowire assembly with dielectrophoresis |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Nature Nanotechnology |
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Nat. Nanotech. |
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5 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
525–530 |
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Single-crystal nanowire transistors and other nanowire-based devices could have applications in large-area and flexible electronics if conventional top-down fabrication techniques can be integrated with high-precision bottom-up nanowire assembly. Here, we extend dielectrophoretic nanowire assembly to achieve a 98.5% yield of single nanowires assembled over 16,000 patterned electrode sites with submicrometre alignment precision. The balancing of surface, hydrodynamic and dielectrophoretic forces makes the self-assembly process controllable, and a hydrodynamic force component makes it self-limiting. Our approach represents a methodology to quantify nanowire assembly, and makes single nanowire assembly possible over an area limited only by the ability to reproduce process conditions uniformly. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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683 |
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Bonifas, Andrew P.; McCreery, Richard L. |
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‘Soft’ Au, Pt and Cu contacts for molecular junctions through surface-diffusion-mediated deposition |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Nature Nanotechnology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Nanotech. |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
612–617 |
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Virtually all types of molecular electronic devices depend on electronically addressing a molecule or molecular layer through the formation of a metallic contact. The introduction of molecular devices into integrated circuits will probably depend on the formation of contacts using a vapour deposition technique, but this approach frequently results in the metal atoms penetrating or damaging the molecular layer. Here, we report a method of forming 'soft' metallic contacts on molecular layers through surface-diffusion-mediated deposition, in which the metal atoms are deposited remotely and then diffuse onto the molecular layer, thus eliminating the problems of penetration and damage. Molecular junctions fabricated by this method exhibit excellent yield (typically >90%) and reproducibility, and allow examination of the effects of molecular-layer structure, thickness and contact work function. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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682 |
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Author |
Hadfield, Robert H. |
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Title |
Single-photon detectors for optical quantum information applications |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature Photonics |
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3 |
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696-705 |
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SPD |
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The past decade has seen a dramatic increase in interest in new single-photon detector technologies. A major cause of this trend has undoubtedly been the push towards optical quantum information applications such as quantum key distribution. These new applications place extreme demands on detector performance that go beyond the capabilities of established single-photon detectors. There has been considerable effort to improve conventional photon-counting detectors and to transform new device concepts into workable technologies for optical quantum information applications. This Review aims to highlight the significant recent progress made in improving single-photon detector technologies, and the impact that these developments will have on quantum optics and quantum information science. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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678 |
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Lydersen, Lars; Wiechers, Carlos; Wittmann, Christoffer; Elser, Dominique; Skaar, Johannes; Makarov, Vadim |
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Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination |
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2010 |
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Nature Photonics |
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Nat. Photon. |
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4 |
Issue |
10 |
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686 - 689 |
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quantum cryptography, hacking, QKD, APD |
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The peculiar properties of quantum mechanics allow two remote parties to communicate a private, secret key, which is protected from eavesdropping by the laws of physics. So-called quantum key distribution (QKD) implementations always rely on detectors to measure the relevant quantum property of single photons. Here we demonstrate experimentally that the detectors in two commercially available QKD systems can be fully remote-controlled using specially tailored bright illumination. This makes it possible to tracelessly acquire the full secret key; we propose an eavesdropping apparatus built of off-the-shelf components. The loophole is likely to be present in most QKD systems using avalanche photodiodes to detect single photons. We believe that our findings are crucial for strengthening the security of practical QKD, by identifying and patching technological deficiencies. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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657 |
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Williams, Benjamin S. |
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Title |
Terahertz quantum-cascade lasers |
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2007 |
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Nature Photonics |
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1 |
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517-525 |
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QCL review |
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Six years after their birth, terahertz quantum-cascade lasers can now deliver milliwatts or more of continuous-wave coherent radiation throughout the terahertz range — the spectral regime between millimetre and infrared wavelengths, which has long resisted development. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and future prospects for these lasers, including efforts to increase their operating temperatures, deliver higher output powers and emit longer wavelengths. |
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