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Author Semenov, A. D.; Hübers, H.-W.; Richter, H.; Birk, M.; Krocka, M.; Mair, U.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver with NbN hot-electron-bolometer mixer Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.  
  Volume 372-376 Issue Pages 448-453  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers, applications  
  Abstract We describe a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver for applications in astronomy and atmospheric research. The receiver employs a superconducting NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron-bolometer mixer and an optically pumped far-infrared gas laser as local oscillator. 2200 K double sideband mixer noise temperature was measured at 2.5 THz across a 1 GHz intermediate frequency bandwidth centred at 1.5 GHz. The total conversion losses were 17 dB. The mixer response was linear at load temperatures smaller than 400 K. The receiver was tested in the laboratory environment by measuring the methanol line in emission. Observed pressure broadening confirms the true heterodyne detection regime of the mixer.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1526  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cherednichenko, S.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Khosropanah, P.; Adam, A.; Kollberg, E.; Loudkov, D.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B.; Richter, H.; Huebers, H.-W. url  doi
openurl 
  Title 1.6 THz heterodyne receiver for the far infrared space telescope Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.  
  Volume 372-376 Issue Pages 427-431  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers, applications  
  Abstract A low noise heterodyne receiver is being developed for the terahertz range using a phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometric mixer based on 3.5 nm thick superconducting NbN film. In the 1–2 GHz intermediate frequency band the double-sideband receiver noise temperature was 450 K at 0.6 THz, 700 K at 1.6 THz and 1100 K at 2.5 THz. In the 3–8 GHz IF band the lowest receiver noise temperature was 700 K at 0.6 THz, 1500 K at 1.6 THz and 3000 K at 2.5 THz while it increased by a factor of 3 towards 8 GHz.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1527  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Semenov, Alexei; Hübers, Heinz.-Wilhelm; Richter, Heiko; Birk, Manfred; Krocka, Michael; Mair, Ulrich; Smirnov, Konstantin; Gol'tsman, Grigory; Voronov, Boris url  openurl
  Title Performance of terahertz heterodyne receiver with a superconducting hot-electron mixer Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.  
  Volume Issue Pages 229-234  
  Keywords  
  Abstract During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a microwatt power from the local oscillator (L0). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, is of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated its performance. This yields important information for future development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA) [1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1529  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Loudkov, D.; Khosropanah, P.; Cherednichenko, S.; Adam, A.; MerkeI, H.; Kollberg, E.; Gol'tsman, G. url  openurl
  Title Broadband fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) measurements of spiral and double-slot planar antennas at THz frequencies Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.  
  Volume Issue Pages 373-369  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract The direct responses of NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers, integrated with different planar antennas, are measured, using Fourier Transform Spectrometer (F1S). One spiral antenna and several double slot antennas, designed for 0.6, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.5 THz central frequencies, are investigated. The Optimization of the measurement set-up is discussed in terms of the beam splitter and the F11S-to-HEB coupling. The result shows that the spiral antenna is circular polarized and has a bandwidth of about 2 THz. The frequency bands of double slot antennas show some shift from the design values and their relative bandwidth increases by increasing the design frequency. The antenna responses do not depend on the HEB bias point and temperature, as long as the device is in the resistive state.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1530  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, Roman url  openurl
  Title Ultrafast NBN hot-electron single-photon detectors for electronic applications Type Abstract
  Year 2002 Publication Abstracts 8-th IUMRS-ICEM Abbreviated Journal Abstracts 8-th IUMRS-ICEM  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We present a new, simple to manufacture, single-photon detector (SPD), which can work from ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths of optical radiation and combines high speed of operation, high quantum efficiency (QE), and very low dark counts. The devices are superconducting and operate at temperature below 5 K. The physics of operation of our SPD is based on formation of a photon-induced resistive hotspot and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconductor.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference 8th IUMRS International Conference on Electronic Materials  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1532  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Gol'tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title An ultrafast NbN hot-electron single-photon detector for electronic applications Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 1689-1692  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QE, jitter, dark counts  
  Abstract We present the latest generation of our superconducting single-photon detector (SPD), which can work from ultraviolet to mid-infrared optical radiation wavelengths. The detector combines a high speed of operation and low jitter with high quantum efficiency (QE) and very low dark count level. The technology enhancement allows us to produce ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) structures that demonstrate QE hundreds of times better, at 1.55 μm, than previous 10 nm thick SPDs. The best, 10 × 10 μm2, SPDs demonstrate QE up to 5% at 1.55 μm and up to 11% at 0.86 μm. The intrinsic detector QE, normalized to the film absorption coefficient, reaches 100% at bias currents above 0.9 Ic for photons with wavelengths shorter than 1.3 μm.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1533  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Semenov, Alexei; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm; Engel, Andreas; Gol'tsman, Gregory N. url  openurl
  Title Background limited superconducting quantum detector for astronomy Type Abstract
  Year 2002 Publication NASA/ADS Abbreviated Journal NASA/ADS  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords SQD  
  Abstract We present the concept of the superconducting quantum detector for astronomy. Response to a single absorbed photon appears due to successive formation of a normal spot and phase-slip-centers in a narrow strip carrying sub-critical supercurrent. The detector simultaneously has a moderate energy resolution and a variable cut-off wavelength depending on both the material used and operation conditions. We simulated performance of the background-limited direct detector having the 100- micrometer cut-off wavelength. Low dark count rate will allow to realize 10-21 W Hz-1/2 noise equivalent power at 4 K background radiation. The intrinsic recovery time of the counter is rather determined by diffusion of nonequilibrium electrons, thus, thermal fluctuations do not hamper energy resolution of the detector. Provided an appropriate readout technique, the resolution should be better than 1/20 at 50- micrometer wavelength. Planar layout and relatively simple technology favor integration of the detector into an array.  
  Address Monterey, CA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop, held 1-3 April 2002  
  Notes id.62 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1535  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Verevkin, A.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M.; Smirnov, K. S.; Sobolewski, R. url  openurl
  Title Direct measurements of energy relaxation times in two-dimensional structures under quasi-equilibrium conditions Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Mater. Sci. Forum Abbreviated Journal Mater. Sci. Forum  
  Volume 384-3 Issue Pages 107-116  
  Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs  
  Abstract A new microwave technique was successfully applied for direct studies of energy relaxation times in two-dimensional AlGaAs/GaAs structures under quasi-equilibrium conditions in the nanosecond and picosecond time scale. We report our results of energy relaxation time measurements in the temperature range 1.6-50 K, in quantum Hall effect regime in magnetic fields up to 4 T.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference Materials Science Forum  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1536  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Hübers, H.-W.; Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Birk, M.; Krocka, M.; Mair, U.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Voronov, B. url  openurl
  Title Terahertz Heterodyn Receiver with a hot-electron bolometer mixer Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop Abbreviated Journal Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop  
  Volume Issue Pages 3-24  
  Keywords NbN HEB mixers  
  Abstract During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz (THz) heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a µW power from the local oscillator (LO). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, are of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated the performance of the receiver. This yields important information for the development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA) [1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher NASA Place of Publication Editor Wolf, U.; Farhoomand, J.; McCreight, C.R.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title NASA CP Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Volume: 211408 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1537  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Semenov, A.; Hübers, H.-W.; Engel, A.; Gol’tsman, G. url  openurl
  Title Superconducting quantum detector for far infrared astronomy Type Conference Article
  Year 2002 Publication Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop Abbreviated Journal Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop  
  Volume Issue Pages 3-49  
  Keywords SQD  
  Abstract We present the concept of the superconducting quantum detector for astronomy. Response to a single absorbed photon appears due to successive formation of a normal spot and phase-slip-centres in a narrow strip carrying sub-critical supercurrent. The detector simultaneously has a moderate energy resolution and a variable cut-off wavelength depending on both the material used and operation conditions. We simulated performance of the background-limited direct detector having the 100-micrometer cut-off wavelength. Low dark count rate will allow to realise 10-21 W Hz-1/2 noise equivalent power at 4 K background radiation. The detection mechanism provides a moderate 1/20 energy resolution at 50-micrometer wavelength.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher NASA Place of Publication Editor Wolf, J.; Farhoomand, J.; McCreight, C.R.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title NASA CP Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume (down) Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Volume: 211408 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1538  
Permanent link to this record
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