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Author Tassin, Philippe; Koschny, Thomas; Kafesaki, Maria; Soukoulis, Costas M.
Title (up) A comparison of graphene, superconductors and metals as conductors for metamaterials and plasmonics Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 259-264
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Recent advancements in metamaterials and plasmonics have promised a number of exciting applications, in particular at terahertz and optical frequencies. Unfortunately, the noble metals used in these photonic structures are not particularly good conductors at high frequencies, resulting in significant dissipative loss. Here, we address the question of what is a good conductor for metamaterials and plasmonics. For resonant metamaterials, we develop a figure-of-merit for conductors that allows for a straightforward classification of conducting materials according to the resulting dissipative loss in the metamaterial. Application of our method predicts that graphene and high-Tc superconductors are not viable alternatives for metals in metamaterials. We also provide an overview of a number of transition metals, alkali metals and transparent conducting oxides. For plasmonic systems, we predict that graphene and high-Tc superconductors cannot outperform gold as a platform for surface plasmon polaritons, because graphene has a smaller propagation length-to-wavelength ratio.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 790
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Author Novotny, Lukas; van Hulst, Niek
Title (up) Antennas for light Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 83-90
Keywords optical antennas
Abstract Optical antennas are devices that convert freely propagating optical radiation into localized energy, and vice versa. They enable the control and manipulation of optical fields at the nanometre scale, and hold promise for enhancing the performance and efficiency of photodetection, light emission and sensing. Although many of the properties and parameters of optical antennas are similar to their radiowave and microwave counterparts, they have important differences resulting from their small size and the resonant properties of metal nanostructures. This Review summarizes the physical properties of optical antennas, provides a summary of some of the most important recent developments in the field, discusses the potential applications and identifies the future challenges and opportunities.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 748
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Author Goulielmakis, Eleftherios
Title (up) Attosecond photonics: Extreme ultraviolet catastrophes Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 3 Pages 142-143
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses, which emerge from the interaction of atoms with intense laser fields, play a central role in modern ultrafast science and the exploration of electron behaviour. Recent work now shows that catastrophe theory can help optimize the properties of these pulses.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 791
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Author Ulhaq, A.; Weiler, S.; Ulrich, S. M.; Roßbach, R.; Jetter, M.; Michler, P.
Title (up) Cascaded single-photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands of a quantum dot Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 238-242
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Emission from a resonantly excited quantum emitter is a fascinating research topic within the field of quantum optics and is a useful source for different types of quantum light fields. The resonance spectrum consists of a single spectral line that develops into a triplet above saturation of the quantum emitter. The three closely spaced photon channels from the resonance fluorescence have different photon statistical signatures. We present a detailed photon statistics analysis of the resonance fluorescence emission triplet from a solid-state-based artificial atom, that is, a semiconductor quantum dot. The photon correlation measurements demonstrate both `single' and `cascaded' photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands. The bright and narrow sideband emission (5.9 × 106 photons per second into the first lens) can be conveniently frequency-tuned by laser detuning over 15 times its linewidth (Δv ~ 1.0 GHz). These unique properties make the Mollow triplet sideband emission a valuable light source for quantum light spectroscopy and quantum information applications, for example.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 788
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Author Kono, Junichiro
Title (up) Coherent terahertz control Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 5 Issue Pages 5-6
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Spin and charge terahertz excitations in solids are promising for implementing future technologies such as spintronics and quantum computation, but coherently controlling them has been a significant challenge. Researchers have now manipulated coherent spin waves in an antiferromagnet using the intense magnetic field of ultrashort terahertz pulses.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 773
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Author Kosako, Terukazu; Kadoya, Yutaka; Hofmann, Holger F.
Title (up) Directional control of light by a nano-optical Yagi–Uda antenna Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue Pages 312 - 315
Keywords optical antennas
Abstract The plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles can direct light from optical emitters in much the same way that radiofrequency antennas direct the emission from electrical circuits. Recently, rapid progress has been made in the realization of single-element antennas for optical waves. Because most of these devices are designed to optimize the local near-field coupling between the antenna and an emitter, the possibility of modifying the spatial radiation pattern has not yet received as much attention. In the radiofrequency regime, a typical antenna design for high directivity is the Yagi–Uda antenna, which essentially consists of a one-dimensional array of antenna elements driven by a single feed element. By fabricating a corresponding array of nanoparticles, similar radiation patterns can be obtained in the optical regime. Here, we present the experimental demonstration of directional control of radiation from a nano-optical Yagi–Uda antenna composed of appropriately tuned gold nanorods.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 747
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Author Brida, G.; Genovese, M.; Ruo Berchera, I.
Title (up) Experimental realization of sub-shot-noise quantum imaging Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 227-230
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract The properties of quantum states have led to the development of new technologies, ranging from quantum information to quantum metrology. A recent field of research to emerge is quantum imaging, which aims to overcome the limits of classical imaging by making use of the spatial properties of quantum states of light . In particular, quantum correlations between twin beams represent a fundamental resource for these studies. One of the most interesting proposed schemes takes advantage of the spatial quantum correlations between parametric down-conversion light beams to realize sub-shot-noise imaging of weak absorbing objects, leading ideally to noise-free imaging. Here, we present the first experimental realization of this scheme, showing its potential to achieve a larger signal-to-noise ratio than classical imaging methods. This work represents the starting point for this quantum technology, which we anticipate will have applications when there is a requirement for low-photon-flux illumination (for example for use with biological samples).
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 771
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Author Hase, Muneaki; Katsuragawa, Masayuki; Constantinescu, Anca Monia; Petek, Hrvoje
Title (up) Frequency comb generation at terahertz frequencies by coherent phonon excitation in silicon Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue Pages 243–247
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract High-order nonlinear light–matter interactions in gases enable the generation of X-ray and attosecond light pulses, metrology and spectroscopy1. Optical nonlinearities in solid-state materials are particularly interesting for combining optical and electronic functions for high-bandwidth information processing2. Third-order nonlinear optical processes in silicon have been used to process optical signals with bandwidths greater than 1 GHz (ref. 2). However, fundamental physical processes for a silicon-based optical modulator in the terahertz bandwidth range have not yet been explored. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast phononic modulation of the optical index of silicon by irradiation with intense few-cycle femtosecond pulses. The anisotropic reflectivity modulation by the resonant Raman susceptibility at the fundamental frequency of the longitudinal optical phonon of silicon (15.6 THz) generates a frequency comb up to seventh order. All-optical >100 THz frequency comb generation is realized by harnessing the coherent atomic motion of the silicon crystalline lattice at its highest mechanical frequency.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 794
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Author Khasminskaya, S.; Pyatkov, F.; Słowik, K.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Kovalyuk, V.; Rath, P.; Vetter, A.; Hennrich, F.; Kappes, M. M.; Gol'tsman, G.; Korneev, A.; Rockstuhl, C.; Krupke, R.; Pernice, W. H. P.
Title (up) Fully integrated quantum photonic circuit with an electrically driven light source Type Journal Article
Year 2016 Publication Nat. Photon. Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 10 Issue 11 Pages 727-732
Keywords Carbon nanotubes and fullerenes, Integrated optics, Single photons and quantum effects, Waveguide integrated single-photon detector
Abstract Photonic quantum technologies allow quantum phenomena to be exploited in applications such as quantum cryptography, quantum simulation and quantum computation. A key requirement for practical devices is the scalable integration of single-photon sources, detectors and linear optical elements on a common platform. Nanophotonic circuits enable the realization of complex linear optical systems, while non-classical light can be measured with waveguide-integrated detectors. However, reproducible single-photon sources with high brightness and compatibility with photonic devices remain elusive for fully integrated systems. Here, we report the observation of antibunching in the light emitted from an electrically driven carbon nanotube embedded within a photonic quantum circuit. Non-classical light generated on chip is recorded under cryogenic conditions with waveguide-integrated superconducting single-photon detectors, without requiring optical filtering. Because exclusively scalable fabrication and deposition methods are used, our results establish carbon nanotubes as promising nanoscale single-photon emitters for hybrid quantum photonic devices.
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Call Number RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ Serial 1105
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Author Lydersen, Lars; Wiechers, Carlos; Wittmann, Christoffer; Elser, Dominique; Skaar, Johannes; Makarov, Vadim
Title (up) Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue 10 Pages 686 - 689
Keywords quantum cryptography, hacking, QKD, APD
Abstract The peculiar properties of quantum mechanics allow two remote parties to communicate a private, secret key, which is protected from eavesdropping by the laws of physics. So-called quantum key distribution (QKD) implementations always rely on detectors to measure the relevant quantum property of single photons. Here we demonstrate experimentally that the detectors in two commercially available QKD systems can be fully remote-controlled using specially tailored bright illumination. This makes it possible to tracelessly acquire the full secret key; we propose an eavesdropping apparatus built of off-the-shelf components. The loophole is likely to be present in most QKD systems using avalanche photodiodes to detect single photons. We believe that our findings are crucial for strengthening the security of practical QKD, by identifying and patching technological deficiencies.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 657
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Author Usmani, Imam; Clausen, Christoph; Bussières, Félix; Sangouard, Nicolas; Afzelius, Mikael; Gisin, Nicolas
Title (up) Heralded quantum entanglement between two crystals Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 234-237
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Quantum networks must have the crucial ability to entangle quantum nodes. A prominent example is the quantum repeater, which allows the distance barrier of direct transmission of single photons to be overcome, provided remote quantum memories can be entangled in a heralded fashion. Here, we report the observation of heralded entanglement between two ensembles of rare-earth ions doped into separate crystals. A heralded single photon is sent through a 50/50 beamsplitter, creating a single-photon entangled state delocalized between two spatial modes. The quantum state of each mode is subsequently mapped onto a crystal, leading to an entangled state consisting of a single collective excitation delocalized between two crystals. This entanglement is revealed by mapping it back to optical modes and by estimating the concurrence of the retrieved light state. Our results highlight the potential of crystals doped with rare-earth ions for entangled quantum nodes and bring quantum networks based on solid-state resources one step closer.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 793
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Author Pile, David
Title (up) How many bits can a photon carry Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 1 Pages 14-15
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract Quantum physics offers a way to enhance the amount of information a photon can carry, with potential applications in optical communication, lithography, metrology and imaging.
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Notes View from... OSA Frontiers in Optics 2011: How many bits can a photon carry? Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 780
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Author He, Rongrui; Sazio, Pier J. A.; Peacock, Anna C.; Healy, Noel; Sparks, Justin R.; Krishnamurthi, Mahesh; Gopalan, Venkatraman; Badding, John V.
Title (up) Integration of gigahertz-bandwidth semiconductor devices inside microstructured optical fibres Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 3 Pages 174-179
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract The prospect of an all-fibre optical communications network in which light can be generated, modulated and detected within the fibre itself without the need for discrete optoelectronic devices is an appealing one. However, to become a reality, this approach requires the incorporation of optoelectronic materials and functionalities into silica fibres to create a new breed of semiconductor-fibre hybrid devices for performing various tasks. Here, we report the integration of precisely doped semiconductor materials and high-quality rectifying semiconductor junctions into microstructured optical fibres, enabling high-speed, in-fibre functionalities such as photodetection at telecommunications wavelengths. These semiconductor-fibre hybrid devices exhibit a bandwidth of up to 3 GHz and seamless coupling to standard single-mode optical fibres.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 783
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Author Schmidt, Markus A.
Title (up) Integration: Fibres embrace optoelectronics Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 6 Issue 3 Pages 143-145
Keywords fromIPMRAS
Abstract The demonstration of an in-fibre semiconductor photodetector with gigahertz bandwidth bodes well for the future development of hybrid fibre optoelectronics.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 789
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Author Schwarz, Brent
Title (up) Lidar: Mapping the world in 3D Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 4 Issue 7 Pages 429-430
Keywords LIDAR
Abstract A high-definition LIDAR system with a rotating sensor head containing 64 semiconductor lasers allows the efficient generation of 3D environment maps at unprecedented levels of detail.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 696
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