|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Yngvesson, K. S. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron bolometer detectors and mixers based on a superconducting-two-dimensional electron gas-superconductor structure |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
163-166 |
|
|
Keywords |
S-2DEG-S HEB mixers, detectors, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures, NbN |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1603 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Finkel, M. I.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Vachtomin, Yu. B.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Smirnov, K. V.; Seleznev, V. A.; Korotetskaya, Yu. P.; Kaurova, N. S.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron bolometer mixer for 20 – 40 THz frequency range |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
393-397 |
|
|
Keywords |
IR NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
The developed HEB mixer was based on a 5 nm thick NbN film deposited on a GaAs substrate. The active area of the film was patterned as a 30×20 μm 2 strip and coupled with a 50 Ohm coplanar line deposited in situ. An extended hemispherical germanium lens was used to focus the LO radiation on the mixer. The responsivity of the mixer was measured in a direct detection mode in the 25÷64 THz frequency range. The noise performance of the mixer and the directivity of the receiver were investigated in a heterodyne mode. A 10.6 μm wavelength CW CO 2 laser was utilized as a local oscillator. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
Göteborg, Sweden |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
369 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Baselmans, J. J. A.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Baryshev, A.; Kooi, J.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron bolometer mixers with improved interfaces: sensitivity, LO power and stability |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proc. 15th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 15th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
17-24 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
We study twin slot antenna coupled NbN hot electron bolometer mixers with an improved contact structure and a small volume, ranging from 1 µm × 0.1 µm to 2 × 0.3 µm. We obtain a DSB receiver noise temperature of 900 K at 1.6 THz and 940 K at 1.9 THz. To explore the practical usability of such small HEB mixers we evaluate the LO power requirement, the sensitivity and the stability. We find that the LO power requirement of the smallest mixers is reduced to about 240 nW at the Si lens of the mixer. This value is larger than expected from the isothermal technique and the known losses in the lens by a factor of 3-3.5. The stability of these receivers is characterized using a measurement of the Allan Variance. We find an Allan time of 0.5 sec. in an 80 MHz bandwidth. A small increase in stability can be reached by using a higher bias at the expense of a significant amount of sensitivity. The stability is sufficient for spectroscopic applications in a 1 MHz bandwidth at a 1 Hz chopping frequency. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1491 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Yagoubov, P.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Schubert, J.; Hubers, H. W.; Svechnikov, S.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Wang, Z. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron bolometric mixers based on NbN films deposited on MgO substrates |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. |
|
|
Volume |
167 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
687-690 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
Barcelona, Spain |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
4th Europ. Conf. on Appl. Superconductivity, Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
297 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Gerecht, E.; Musante, C. F.; Schuch, R.; Lutz, C. R.; Jr.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Mueller, E. R.; Waldivian, J.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron detection and mixing experiments in NbN at 119 micrometer wavelength |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
284-293 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers, detectors |
|
|
Abstract |
We have performed preliminary experiments with the goal of demonstrating a Hot Electron Bolometric (HEB) mixer for a 119 micrometer wavelength (2.5 THz). We have chosen a NbN device of size 700 x 350 micrometers. This device can easily be coupled to a laser LO source, which is advantageous for performing a prototype experiment. The relatively large size of the device means that the LO power required is in the mW range; this power can be easily obtained from a THz laser source. We have measured the amount of laser power actually absorbed in the device, and from this have estimated the best optical coupling loss to be about 10 di . We are developing methods for improving the optical coupling further. Preliminary measurements of the response of the device to a chopped black-body have not yet resulted in a measured receiver noise temperature. We expect to be able to complete this measurement in the near future. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1629 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ekström, H.; Kroug, M.; Belitsky, V.; Kollberg, E.; Olsson, H.; Goltsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Yagoubov, P.; Voronov, B.; Yngvesson, S. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron mixers for THz applications |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Proc. 30th ESLAB |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 30th ESLAB |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
207-210 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
We have measured the noise performance of 35 A thin NbN HEB devices integrated with spiral antennas on antireflection coated silicon substrate lenses at 620 GHz. From the noise measurements we have determined a total conversion gain of the receiver of—16 dB, and an intrinsic conversion of about-10 dB. The IF bandwidth of the 35 A thick NbN devices is at least 3 GHz. The DSB receiver noise temperature is less than 1450 K. Without mismatch losses, which is possible to obtain with a shorter device, and with reduced loss from the beamsplitter, we expect to achieve a DSB receiver noise temperature of less ‘than 700 K. |
|
|
Address |
Noordwijk, Netherlands |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
Rolfe, E. J.; Pilbratt, G. |
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
Submillimetre and Far-Infrared Space Instrumentation |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1606 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Kollberg, Erik L.; Gershenzon, E.; Goltsman, G.; Yngvesson, K. S. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron mixers, the potential competition |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Proc. ESA Symp. on Photon Detectors for Space Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. ESA Symp. on Photon Detectors for Space Instrumentation |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
201-206 |
|
|
Keywords |
HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
There is an urgent need in radio astronomy for low noise heterodyne receivers for frequencies above about 500 GHz. It is not certain that mixers based on superconducting quasiparticle tunnelling (SIS mixers) may turn out to be the answer to this need. In order to try to find an alternative way for realizing low noise heterodyne receivers for submillimeter waves, so called hot electron bolometric effects for mixing are now being investigated. Two basically different approaches are tried, one based on semiconductors and one on superconductors. Both methods are briefly discussed in this overview paper. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
ESA Symposium on Photon Detectors for Space Instrumentation |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1667 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
|
|
Title |
Hot electron superconductive mixers |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 4th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
618-622 |
|
|
Keywords |
HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1656 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Yagoubov, P.; Hübers, H.-W.; Gol’tsman, G.; Semenov, A.; Gao, J.; Hoogeveen, R.; de Graauw, T.; Birk, M.; Selig, A.; de Korte, P. |
|
|
Title |
Hot-electron bolometer mixers – technology for far-infrared heterodyne instruments in future atmospheric chemistry missions |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Submillimeter Wave Earth Observation From Space |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Submillimeter Wave Earth Observation From Space |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
57-69 |
|
|
Keywords |
HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
Delmenhorst |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Logos-Verlag |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
Buehler, S.; Berlin |
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
3-89722-700-2 |
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
International Symposium on Submillimeter Wave Earth Observation from Space, ISSMWEOS01 |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1549 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
|
|
Title |
Hot-electron superconducting mixers |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
|
|
Volume |
2104 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
329-330 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
The creation of low noise heterodyne receivers for frequencies above 1 THz is in the urgentneed for radio astronomy, laser spectroscopy, plasma diagnostic, etc. In this paper we discussthe nonlinear effect related to hot electrons in superconductors, and their potential use in lownoise submilimeter wave mixer. We also discuss results achieved so far as well as possible futuredevelopments. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
SPIE |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
Birch, J.R.; Parker, T.J. |
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
18th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves |
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1654 |
|
Permanent link to this record |