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Author |
Sekine, Norihiko; Hosako, Iwao |
Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Intensity modulation of terahertz quantum cascade lasers under external light injection |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
95 |
Issue |
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Pages |
201106(1-3) |
Keywords |
QCL modulation, THz, terahertz |
Abstract |
We investigated the light-current characteristics of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers under external light injection, which excites interband transitions in the active materials. It was found that the amount of reduction in the THz power was constant for all injection currents above threshold, and the dependence of the reduction amount on the wavelength of the external light was observed to show a resonancelike feature. The dominant intensity modulation mechanism was found to be the loss change caused by interband transitions in the active region. Further, the effective coupling efficiency plays an important role in the intensity modulation. |
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630 |
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Walther, Christoph; Scalari, Giacomo; Faist, Jerome; Beere, Harvey; Ritchie, David |
Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Low frequency terahertz quantum cascade laser operating from 1.6 to 1.8 THz |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
89 |
Issue |
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Pages |
231121(1-3) |
Keywords |
QCL, 360 uW at 1.6 THz |
Abstract |
The authors report a GaAs/Al0.1Ga0.9As quantum cascade laser based on a bound-to-continuum transition optimized for low frequency operation. High tunability of the gain curve is achieved by the Stark effect and laser emission is measured between 1.6 and 1.8 THz. Pulsed mode operation up to 95 K and continuous wave operation up to 80 K are reported. The dynamical range in current is as high as 43%. |
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629 |
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Dorenbos, S. N.; Reiger, E. M.; Perinetti, U.; Zwiller, V.; Zijlstra, T.; Klapwijk, T. M. |
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Low noise superconducting single photon detectors on silicon |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
93 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
131101 |
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0003-6951 |
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RPLAB @ s @ |
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436 |
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Gaggero, A.; Nejad, S. Jahanmiri; Marsili, F.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Bitauld, D.; Sahin, D.; Hamhuis, G. J.; Nötzel, R.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore, A. |
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Nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors on GaAs for integrated quantum photonic applications |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
97 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
3 |
Keywords |
SSPD |
Abstract |
We demonstrate efficient nanowire superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs) based on NbN thin films grown on GaAs. NbN films ranging from 3 to 5 nm in thickness have been deposited by dc magnetron sputtering on GaAs substrates at 350 °C. These films show superconducting properties comparable to similar films grown on sapphire and MgO. In order to demonstrate the potential for monolithic integration, SSPDs were fabricated and measured on GaAs/AlAs Bragg mirrors, showing a clear cavity enhancement, with a peak quantum efficiency of 18.3% at λ = 1300 nm and T = 4.2 K. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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681 |
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Siddiqi, I.; Prober, D. E. |
Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Nb–Au bilayer hot-electron bolometers for low-noise THz heterodyne detection |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
84 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1404 |
Keywords |
HEB, mixers, dynamic range, saturation, LO power, local oscillator power, Nb |
Abstract |
The sensitivity of present Nb diffusion-cooled hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers is not quantum limited, and can be improved by reducing the superconducting transition temperature TC. Lowering TC reduces thermal fluctuations, resulting in a decrease of the mixer noise temperature TM. However, lower TC mixers have reduced dynamic range and saturate more easily due to background noise. We present 30 GHz microwave measurements on a bilayer HEB system, Nb–Au, in which TC can be tuned with Au layer thickness to obtain the maximum sensitivity for a given noise background. These measurements are intended as a guide for the optimization of THz mixers. Using a Nb–Au mixer with TC = 1.6 K, we obtain TM = 50 K with 2 nW of local oscillator (LO) power. Good mixer performance is observed over a wide range of LO power and bias voltage and such a device should not exhibit saturation in a THz receiver. |
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0003-6951 |
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571 |
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Karasik, B. S.; Elantiev, A. I. |
Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Noise temperature limit of a superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
68 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
853-855 |
Keywords |
HEB mixer noise temperature, Johnson noise, thermal fluctuation noise, noise bandwidth |
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0003-6951 |
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260 |
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Hadfield, Robert. H.; Habif, Jonathan L.; Schlafer, John; Schwall, Robert. E.; Nam, Sae Woo |
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Quantum key distribution at 1550 nm with twin superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
89 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
241129 |
Keywords |
SSPD, quantum cryptography |
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0003-6951 |
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533 |
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Zhang, W.; Khosropanah, P.; Gao, J. R.; Kollberg, E. L.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Bansal, T.; Barends, R.; Klapwijk, T. M. |
Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Quantum noise in a terahertz hot electron bolometer mixer |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
96 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
111113-(1-3) |
Keywords |
HEB mixer, quantum limit, quantum noise, vacuum box, THz, Terahertz |
Abstract |
We have measured the noise temperature of a single, sensitive superconducting NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer in a frequency range from 1.6 to 5.3 THz, using a setup with all the key components in vacuum. By analyzing the measured receiver noise temperature using a quantum noise (QN) model for HEB mixers, we confirm the effect of QN. The QN is found to be responsible for about half of the receiver noise at the highest frequency in our measurements. The beta-factor (the quantum efficiency of the HEB) obtained experimentally agrees reasonably well with the calculated value. |
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624 |
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Floet, D. Wilms; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Gao, J. R. |
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Resistive transition of niobium superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
73 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
2826 |
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HEB |
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0003-6951 |
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543 |
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Zwiller, Vale<cc><81>ry; Blom, Hans; Jonsson, Per; Panev, Nikolay; Jeppesen, Sören; Tsegaye, Tedros; Goobar, Edgard; Pistol, Mats-Erik; Samuelson, Lars; Björk, Gunnar |
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Single quantum dots emit single photons at a time: Antibunching experiments |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
Publication |
Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
78 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
2476 |
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antibunching, quantum dot |
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0003-6951 |
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502 |
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Burke, P. J.; Schoelkopf, R. J.; Prober, D. E.; Skalare, A.; Karasik, B. S.; Gaidis, M. C.; McGrath, W. R.; Bumble, B.; Leduc, H. G. |
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Spectrum of thermal fluctuation noise in diffusion and phonon cooled hot-electron mixers |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
72 |
Issue |
12 |
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1516-1518 |
Keywords |
HEB mixer; thermal fluctuation noise; TFN |
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A systematic study of the intermediate frequency noise bandwidth of Nb thin-film superconducting hot-electron bolometers is presented. We have measured the spectrum of the output noise as well as the conversion efficiency over a very broad intermediate frequency range (from 0.1 to 7.5 GHz) for devices varying in length from 0.08 μm to 3 μm. Local oscillator and rf signals from 8 to 40 GHz were used. For a device of a given length, the spectrum of the output noise and the conversion efficiency behave similarly for intermediate frequencies less than the gain bandwidth, in accordance with a simple thermal model for both the mixing and thermal fluctuation noise. For higher intermediate frequencies the conversion efficiency decreases; in contrast, the noise decreases but has a second contribution which dominates at higher frequency. The noise bandwidth is larger than the gain bandwidth, and the mixer noise is low, between 120 and 530 K (double side band). |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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760 |
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Baek, Burm; Lita, Adriana E.; Verma, Varun; Nam, Sae Woo |
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Superconducting a-WxSi1–x nanowire single-photon detector with saturated internal quantum efficiency from visible to 1850 nm |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
98 |
Issue |
25 |
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3 |
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SNSPD |
Abstract |
We have developed a single-photon detector based on superconducting amorphous tungsten–silicon alloy (a-WxSi1–x) nanowire. Our device made from a uniform a-WxSi1–x nanowire covers a practical detection area (16 μm×16 μm) and shows high sensitivity featuring a plateau of the internal quantum efficiencies, i.e., efficiencies of generating an electrical pulse per absorbed photon, over a broad wavelength and bias range. This material system for superconducting nanowire detector technology could overcome the limitations of the prevalent nanowire devices based on NbN and lead to more practical, ideal single-photon detectors having high efficiency, low noise, and high count rates. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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665 |
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Fu, K.; Zannoni, R.; Chan, C.; Adams, S. H.; Nicholson, J.; Polizzi, E.; Yngvesson, K. S. |
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Terahertz detection in single wall carbon nanotubes |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
92 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
033105 |
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HEB, single wall, carbon nanotube, CNT, SWNT, SWCNT, terahertz detection, THz |
Abstract |
It is reported that terahertz radiation from 0.69 to 2.54 THz has been sensitively detected in a device consisting of bundles of carbon nanotubes containing single wall metallic carbon nanotubes, quasioptically coupled through a lithographically fabricated antenna, and a silicon lens. The measured data are consistent with a bolometric detection process in the metallic tubes and the devices show promise for operation well above 4.2 K. |
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0003-6951 |
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NEP is not shown |
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566 |
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Hoevers, H. F. C.; Bento, A. C.; Bruijn, M. P.; Gottardi, L.; Korevaar, M. A. N.; Mels, W. A.; de Korte, P. A. J. |
Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Thermal fluctuation noise in a voltage biased superconducting transition edge thermometer |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
77 |
Issue |
26 |
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4421-4424 |
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TES; bolometer; thermal fluctuation noise; TFN |
Abstract |
The current noise at the output of a microcalorimeter with a voltage biased superconducting transition edge thermometer is studied in detail. In addition to the two well-known noise sources: thermal fluctuation noise from the heat link to the bath and Johnson noise from the resistive thermometer, a third noise source strongly correlated with the steepness of the thermometer is required to fit the measured noise spectra. Thermal fluctuation noise, originating in the thermometer itself, fully explains the additional noise. A simple model provides quantitative agreement between the observed and calculated noise spectra for all bias points in the superconducting transition. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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759 |
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Cao, Q.; Yoon, S. F.; Tong, C. Z.; Ngo, C. Y.; Liu, C. Y.; Wang, R.; Zhao, H. X. |
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Two-state competition in 1.3 μm multilayer InAs/InGaAs quantum dot lasers |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
95 |
Issue |
19 |
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3 |
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2DEG |
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The competition of ground state (GS) and excited state (ES) is investigated from the as-grown and thermally annealed 1.3 μm ten-layer p-doped InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) lasers. The modal gain competition between GS and ES are measured and analyzed around the ES threshold characteristics. Our results show that two-state competition is more significant in devices with short cavity length operating at high temperature. By comparing the as-grown and annealed devices, we demonstrate enhanced GS and suppressed ES lasing from the QD laser annealed at 600 °C for 15 s. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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673 |
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