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Author Meledin, Denis; Pavolotsky, Alexey; Desmaris, Vincent.; Lapkin, Igor; Risacher, Christophe; Perez, Victor; Henke, Douglas; Nystrom, Olle; Sundin, Erik; Dochev, Dimitar; Pantaleev, Miroslav; Fredrixon, Mathias; Strandberg, Magnus; Voronov, Boris; Goltsman, Gregory; Belitsky, Victor
Title A 1.3-THz balanced waveguide HEB mixer for the APEX telescope Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 57 Issue 1 Pages 89-98
Keywords HEB, mixer, waveguide, balanced, NbN
Abstract In this paper, we report about the development, fabrication, and characterization of a balanced waveguide hot electron bolometer (HEB) receiver for the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment telescope covering the frequency band of 1.25–1.39 THz. The receiver uses a quadrature balanced scheme and two HEB mixers, fabricated from 4- to 5-nm-thick NbN film deposited on crystalline quartz substrate with an MgO buffer layer in between. We employed a novel micromachining method to produce all-metal waveguide parts at submicrometer accuracy (the main-mode waveguide dimensions are 90×180 μm). We present details on the mixer design and measurement results, including receiver noise performance, stability and “first-light” at the telescope site. The receiver yields a double-sideband noise temperature averaged over the RF band below 1200 K, and outstanding stability with a spectroscopic Allan time more than 200 s.
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ISSN 0018-9480 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ lobanovyury @ Serial 554
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Author Ryabchun, Sergey; Tong, Cheuk-Yu Edward; Paine, Scott; Lobanov, Yury; Blundell, Raymond; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Temperature resolution of an HEB receiver at 810 GHz Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 293-296
Keywords HEB mixer
Abstract We present the results of direct measurements of the temperature resolution of an HEB receiver operating at 810 GHz, in both continuum and spectroscopic modes. In the continuum mode, the input of the receiver was switched between black bodies with different physical temperatures. With a system noise temperature of around 1100 K, the receiver was able to resolve loads which differed in temperature by about 1 K over an integration time of 5 seconds. This resolution is significantly worse than the value of 0.07 K given by the radiometer equation. In the spectroscopic mode, a gas cell filled with carbonyl sulphide (OCS) gas was used and the emission line at 813.3537060 GHz was measured using the receiver in conjunction with a digital spectrometer. From the observed spectra, we determined that the measurement uncertainty of the equivalent emission temperature was 2.8 K for an integration time of 0.25 seconds and a spectral resolution of 12 MHz, compared to a 1.4 K temperature resolution given by the radiometer equation. This relative improvement is due to the fact that at short integration times the contribution from 1/f noise and drift are less dominant. In both modes, the temperature resolution was improved by about 40% with the use of a feedback loop which adjusted the level of an injected microwave radiation to maintain a constant operating current of the HEB mixer. This stabilization scheme has proved to be very effective to keep the temperature resolution of the HEB receiver to close to the theoretical value given by the radiometer equation.
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Call Number Serial 636
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Author Mohan, Nishant; Minaeva, Olga; Goltsman, Gregory N.; Saleh, Mohammed F.; Nasr, Magued B.; Sergienko, Alexander V.; Saleh, Bahaa E.; Teich, Malvin C.
Title Ultrabroadband coherence-domain imaging using parametric downconversion and superconducting single-photon detectors at 1064 nm Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Appl. Opt. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Opt.
Volume 48 Issue 20 Pages 4009–4017
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, SPAD
Abstract Coherence-domain imaging systems can be operated in a single-photon-counting mode, offering low detector noise; this in turn leads to increased sensitivity for weak light sources and weakly reflecting samples. We have demonstrated that excellent axial resolution can be obtained in a photon-counting coherence-domain imaging (CDI) system that uses light generated via spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) in a chirped periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate (chirped-PPSLT) structure, in conjunction with a niobium nitride superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD). The bandwidth of the light generated via SPDC, as well as the bandwidth over which the SSPD is sensitive, can extend over a wavelength region that stretches from 700 to 1500 nm. This ultrabroad wavelength band offers a near-ideal combination of deep penetration and ultrahigh axial resolution for the imaging of biological tissue. The generation of SPDC light of adjustable bandwidth in the vicinity of 1064 nm, via the use of chirped-PPSLT structures, had not been previously achieved. To demonstrate the usefulness of this technique, we construct images for a hierarchy of samples of increasing complexity: a mirror, a nitrocellulose membrane, and a biological sample comprising onion-skin cells.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 652
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Author Dauler, Eric; Kerman, Andrew; Robinson, Bryan; Yang, Joel; Voronov, Boris; Goltsman, Gregory; Hamilton, Scott; Berggren, Karl
Title Photon-number-resolution with sub-30-ps timing using multi-element superconducting nanowire single photon detectors Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication J. Modern Opt. Abbreviated Journal J. Modern Opt.
Volume 56 Issue 2 Pages 364-373
Keywords PNR SSPD; SNSPD; photon-number-resolution; superconducting nanowire single photon detector; timing jitter; system detection efficiency
Abstract A photon-number-resolving detector based on a four-element superconducting nanowire single photon detector is demonstrated to have sub-30-ps resolution in measuring the arrival time of individual photons. This detector can be used to characterize the photon statistics of non-pulsed light sources and to mitigate dead-time effects in high-speed photon counting applications. Furthermore, a 25% system detection efficiency at 1550 nm was demonstrated, making the detector useful for both low-flux source characterization and high-speed photon-counting and quantum communication applications. The design, fabrication and testing of this detector are described, and a comparison between the measured and theoretical performance is presented.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 700
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Author Smirnov, Konstantin; Vachtomin, Yury; Divochiy, Alexander; Antipov, Andrey; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Dependence of dark count rates in superconducting single photon detectors on the filtering effect of standard single mode optical fibers Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Appl. Phys. Express Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Express
Volume 8 Issue 2 Pages 022501 (1 to 4)
Keywords
Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher IOP Publishing Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1882-0778 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ smirnov2015dependence Serial 1049
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Author Samsonova, Alena; Zolotov, Philipp; Baeva, Elmira; Lomakin, Andrey; Titova, Nadezhda; Kardakova, Anna; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Signatures of surface magnetic disorder in thin niobium films Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-1
Keywords Temperature measurement, Temperature dependence, Superconducting magnets, Superconducting transition temperature, Substrates, Resistance, Scattering
Abstract We present our studies on the evolution of the normal and superconducting properties with thickness of thin Nb films with a low level of non-magnetic disorder (kFl 150 for the thickest film in the set). The analysis of the superconducting behavior points to the presence of magnetic moments, hidden in the native oxide on the surface of Nb films. Using the Abrikosov-Gorkov theory, we obtain the density of surface magnetic moments of 1013 cm-2, which is in agreement with the previously reported data for Nb films.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1162
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Author Pentin, Ivan; Finkel, Matvey; Maslennikov, Sergey; Vakhtomin, Yuri; Smirnov, Konstantin; Kaurova, Nataliya; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Superconducting hot-electron-bolometer mixers for the mid-IR Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Rus. J. Radio Electron. Abbreviated Journal Rus. J. Radio Electron.
Volume Issue 10 Pages
Keywords IR NbN HEB mixers
Abstract The work presents the result of development of the NbN superconducting hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixer. The sensitive element of the mixer is directly coupled to mid-IR radiation, and doesn’t have planar metallic antenna. Investigations of noise characteristics of NbN HEB mixer were performed at the frequency 28.4 THz (λ = 10.6 µm) by using gas-discharge CW CO2-laser without consideration of optical and electrical losses in the heterodyne receiver. The noise temperature of NbN HEB mixer with the size of the sensitive element 10 µm × 10 µm was 2320 K (~ 1.5hν/kB) at the heterodyne frequency of 28.4 THz. The noise temperature was determined by measuring the Y-factor taking into account the term which describes fluctuations of zero-point oscillations in accordance with the fluctuation-dissipation theorem of Calle-Welton. Isothermal method was used to estimate the absorbed heterodyne radiation power which was 9 µW at the optimal operating point for the minimum noise temperature of NbN HEB mixer.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1684-1719 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/oct17/9/abstract.html (Russian) Гетеродинный приемник со сверхпроводниковым смесителем на эффекте электронного разогрева для среднего инфракрасного диапазона Approved no
Call Number Serial 1747
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Author Goltsman, Gregory N.; Vachtomin, Yuriy B.; Antipov, Sergey V.; Finkel, Matvey I.; Maslennikov, Sergey N.; Polyakov, Stanislav L.; Svechnikov, Sergey I.; Kaurova, Natalia S.; Grishina, Elisaveta V.; Voronov, Boris M.
Title Low-noise NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixers for terahertz heterodyne receivers Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proc. 9-th WMSCI Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9-th WMSCI
Volume 9 Issue Pages 154-159
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract
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Publisher International Institute of Informatics and Systemics Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 547
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Author Korneeva, Yuliya; Florya, Irina; Vdovichev, Sergey; Moshkova, Mariya; Simonov, Nikita; Kaurova, Natalia; Korneev, Alexander; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Comparison of hot-spot formation in NbN and MoN thin superconducting films after photon absorption Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity Abbreviated Journal IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductiv
Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 5
Keywords Thin film devices, Superconducitng photoncounting devices, Nanowire single-photon detectors
Abstract In superconducting single-photon detectors SSPD

the efficiency of local suppression of superconductivity and hotspot

formation is controlled by diffusivity and electron-phonon

interaction time. Here we selected a material, 3.6-nm-thick MoNx

film, which features diffusivity close to those of NbN traditionally

used for SSPD fabrication, but with electron-phonon interaction

time an order of magnitude larger. In MoNx detectors we study

the dependence of detection efficiency on bias current, photon

energy, and strip width and compare it with NbN SSPD. We

observe non-linear current-energy dependence in MoNx SSPD

and more pronounced plateaus in dependences of detection

efficiency on bias current which we attribute to longer electronphonon

interaction time.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ Serial 1114
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Author Seliverstov, Sergey V.; Rusova, Anastasia A.; Kaurova, Natalya S.; Voronov, Boris M.; Goltsman, Gregory N.
Title AC-biased superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer for frequency-domain multiplexing Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication Proc. 28th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 28th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue Pages 120-122
Keywords NbN HEB mixer
Abstract We present the results of characterization of fast and sensitive superconducting antenna-coupled THz direct detector based on NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) with AC-bias. We discuss the possibility of implementation of the AC-bias for design the readout system from the multi-element arrays of HEBs using standard technique of frequency-domain multiplexing. We demonstrate experimentally that this approach does not lead to significant deterioration of the HEB sensitivity compared with the value obtained for the same detector with DC- bias. Results of a numerical calculations of the HEB responsivity at AC-bias are in a good agreement with the experiment.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1174
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Author Kuzin, Aleksei; Elmanov, Ilia; Kovalyuk, Vadim; An, Pavel; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Silicon nitride focusing grating coupler for input and output light of NV-centers Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication Proc. 32-nd EMSS Abbreviated Journal Proc. 32-nd EMSS
Volume Issue Pages 349-353
Keywords NV-centers, focusing grating coupler
Abstract Here we presented the numerical results for the calculation of focusing grating coupler efficiency in the visible wavelength range. Using the finite element method, the optimal geometric parameters, including filling factor and grating period for a central wavelength of 637 nm, were found. Obtained results allow to input/output single-photon radiation from NV-centers, and can be used for research and development of a scalable on-chip quantum optical computing.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2724-0029 ISBN 978-88-85741-44-7 Medium
Area Expedition Conference 32nd European Modeling & Simulation Symposium
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1841
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Author Sych, Denis; Shcherbatenko, Michael; Elezov, Michael; Goltsman, Gregory N.
Title Towards the improvement of the heterodyne receiver sensitivity beyond the quantum noise limit Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2018 Publication Proc. 29th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 29th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue Pages 245-247
Keywords standard quantum limit, sub-SQL quantum receiver, Kennedy receiver, SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract Noise reduction in heterodyne receivers of the terahertz range is an important issue for astronomical applications. Quantum fluctuations, also known as shot noise, prohibit errorless measurements of the amplitude of electro-magnetic waves, and introduce the so-called standard quantum limit (SQL) on the minimum error of the heterodyne measurements. Nowadays, the sensitivity of modern heterodyne receivers approaches the SQL, and the growing demand for the improvement of measurement precision stimulates a number of both theoretical and experimental efforts to design novel measurement techniques aimed at overcoming the SQL. Here we demonstrate the first steps towards the practical implementation of a sub-SQL quantum receiver. As the principal resources, it requires a highly efficient single-photon counting detector and an interferometer-based scheme for mixing the signal with a low-power local oscillator. We describe the idea of such receiver and its main components.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1314
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Author Wild, Wolfgang; Baryshev, Andrey; de Graauw, Thijs; Kardashev, Nikolay; Likhachev, Sergey; Goltsman, Gregory; Koshelets, Valery
Title Instrumentation for Millimetron – a large space antenna for THz astronomy Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication Proc. 19th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 19th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.
Volume Issue Pages 186-191
Keywords Millimetron space observatory, VLBI
Abstract Millimetron is a Russian-led 12m diameter submillimeter and far-infrared space observatory which is included in the Space Plan of the Russian Federation and funded for launch after 2015. With its large collecting area and state-of-the-art receivers, it will enable unique science and allow at least one order of magnitude improvement with respect to the Herschel Space Observatory. Millimetron is currently in a conceptual design phase carried out by the Astro Space Center in Moscow and SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research. It will use a passively cooled deployable antenna with a high-precision central 3.5m diameter mirror and high- precision antenna petals. The antenna is specified for observations up to ~2 THz over the whole 12m diameter, and to higher frequencies using the central 3.5m solid mirror. Millimetron will be operated in two basic observing modes: as a single-dish observatory, and as an element of a ground-space VLBI system. As single-dish, angular resolutions on the order of 3 to 12 arcsec will be achieved and spectral resolutions of up to 10 6 employing heterodyne techniques. As VLBI antenna, the chosen elliptical orbit will provide extremely large VLBI baselines resulting in micro-arcsec angular resolution. The scientific payload will consist of heterodyne and direct detection instruments covering the most important sub-/millimeter spectral regions (including some ALMA bands) and will build on the Herschel and ALMA heritage.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1412
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Author Goltsman, Gregory
Title Superconducting thin film nanostructures as terahertz and infrared heterodyne and direct detectors Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication 16th ISEC Abbreviated Journal 16th ISEC
Volume Issue Pages Th-I-QTE-03 (1 to 3)
Keywords waveguide SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chipquantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device.
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Area Expedition Conference IEEE/CSC & ESAS Superconductivity News Forum
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1745
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Author Elmanov, Ilia; Elmanova, Anna; Kovalyuk, Vadim; An, Pavel; Goltsman, Gregory
Title Integrated contra-directional coupler for NV-centers photon filtering Type (down) Conference Article
Year 2020 Publication Proc. 32-nd EMSS Abbreviated Journal Proc. 32-nd EMSS
Volume Issue Pages 354-360
Keywords NV-centers, nanodiamonds, quantum photonic integrated circuits, contra-direction coupler, Bragg gratings
Abstract We modelled an integrated optical contra-directional coupler on silicon nitride platform. Performance of the filter was studied depending on different parameters, including the grating period and the height of teeth of the Bragg grating near 637 nm operation wavelength. The obtained results can be used for a design and fabrication of quantum photonic integrated circuits with on-chip single-photon NV-centers in nanodiamonds.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2724-0029 ISBN 978-88-85741-44-7 Medium
Area Expedition Conference 32nd European Modeling & Simulation Symposium
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1839
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