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Author Ozhegov, R. V.; Gorshkov, K. N.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Filippenko, L. V.; Koshelets, V. P. url  openurl
  Title Terahertz imaging system based on superconducting integrated receiver Type Conference Article
  Year 2010 Publication Proc. 2-nd Int. Conf. Terahertz and Microwave radiation: Generation, Detection and Applications Abbreviated Journal Proc. 2-nd Int. Conf. Terahertz and Microwave radiation: Generation, Detection and Applications  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 20-22  
  Keywords SIS mixer, SIR  
  Abstract The development of terahertz imaging instruments for security systems is on the cutting edge of terahertz technology. We are developing a THz imaging system based on a superconducting integrated receiver (SIR). An SIR is a new type of heterodyne receiver based on an SIS mixer integrated with a flux-flow oscillator (FFO) and a harmonic mixer which is used for phase-locking the FFO. Developing an array of SIRs would allow obtaining amplitude and phase characteristics of incident radiation in the plane of the receiver. Employing an SIR in an imaging system means building an entirely new instrument with many advantages compare to traditional systems: i) high temperature resolution, comparable to the best results for incoherent receivers; ii) high spectral resolution allowing spectral analysis of various substances; iii) the local oscillator frequency can be varied to obtain images at different frequencies, effectively providing “color” images; iv) since a heterodyne receiver preserves the phase of the radiation, it is possible to construct 3D images. The paper presents a prototype THz imaging system using an 1 pixel SIR. We have studied the dependence of the noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) on the integration time and also possible ways of achieving best possible sensitivity. An NETD of 13 mK was obtained with an integration time of 1 sec a detection bandwidth of 4 GHz at a local oscillator frequency of 520 GHz. An important advantage of an FFO is its wide operation range: 300-700 GHz.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number ozhegov2010terahertz Serial 1397  
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Author Dieleman, Piter pdf  openurl
  Title Fundamental limitations of THz niobium and niobiumnitride SIS mixers Type Book Whole
  Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages  
  Keywords SIS  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Rijksuniversiteit, Groningen Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 529  
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Author Shitov, S. V.; Inatani, J.; Shan, W.-L.; Takeda, M; Wang, Z.; Uvarov, A. V.; Ermakov, A. B.; Uzawa, Y. openurl 
  Title Measurement of emissivity of the ALMA antenna panel at 840 GHz using NbN-based heterodyne SIS receiver Type Conference Article
  Year 2008 Publication Proc. 19th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 263-266  
  Keywords SIS mixer, reflection, emissivity, mirror, space telescope, space observatory  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 580  
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Author Karpov, A.; Miller, D.; Stern, J. A.; Bumble, B.; LeDuc, H. G.; Zmuidzinas, J. openurl 
  Title Broadband SIS mixer for 1 THz Band Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication Proc. 20th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 35-35  
  Keywords SIS mixer, noise temperature  
  Abstract We report the development of a low noise and broadband SIS mixer aimed for 1 THz channel of the Caltech Airborne Submillimeter Interstellar Medium Investigations Receiver (CASIMIR), designed for the Stratospheric Observatory for Far Infrared Astronomy, (SOFIA). The mixer uses an array of 0.24 µm² Nb/Al-AlN/NbTiN SIS junctions with critical current density of 30-50 KA/cm². The junctions are shaped in order to optimize the suppression of the Josephson DC currents. We are using a double slot planar antenna to couple the mixer chip with the telescope beam. The RF matching microcircuit is made using Nb and gold films. The mixer IF circuit is designed to cover 4 – 8 GHz band. A test receiver with the new mixer has a low noise operation in a 0.87 – 1.12 THz band. The minimum DSB receiver noise measured at 1 THz is 260 K (Y=1.64), apparently the lowest reported up to date. The receiver noise corrected for the loss in the LO injection beam splitter and in the cryostat window is 200 K. The combination of a broad operation band of about 250 GHz with a low receiver noise is making the new mixer a useful element for application at SOFIA. We will discuss the prospective of a further improvement of the sensitivity and extension of the upper frequency of operation of SIS mixer.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 614  
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Author Uzawa, Y.; Kojima, T.; Kroug, M.; Takeda, M.; Candotti, M.; Fujii, Y.; Shan, W.-L.; Kaneko, K.; Shitov, S.; Wang, M.-J. openurl 
  Title Development of the 787-950 GHz ALMA band 10 cartridge Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication Proc. 20th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 12-12  
  Keywords SIS mixer, noise temperature, ALMA, band 10  
  Abstract We are developing the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 10 (787-950 GHz) receiver cartridge. The incoming beam from the 12-m antenna is reflected by a pair of two ellipsoidal mirrors placed in the cartridge, and then split into two orthogonal polarizations by a free-standing wire-grid. Each beam enters a corrugated feed horn attached to a double-side-band (DSB) mixer block. The mixer uses a full-height waveguide and an NbTiN- or NbN-based superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer chip. We are testing the following three types of mixer chips: 1) Nb SIS junctions + NbTiN/SiO2/Al tuning circuits on a quartz substrate, 2) Nb SIS junctions + NbN/SiO2/Al tuning circuits on an MgO substrate, and 3) NbN SIS junctions + NbN or NbTiN tuning circuits on an MgO substrate. The IF system uses a 4-12-GHz cooled low-noise InP-based MMIC amplifier developed by Caltech. So far, the type 1) has shown the best performance. At LO frequencies from 800 to 940 GHz, the mixer noise temperatures measured by using the standard Y-factor method were below 240 K at an operating physical temperature of 4 K. The lowest noise temperature, 169 K, was obtained at the center frequency of the band 10, as designed. These well-developed technologies will be implemented in the band 10 cartridge to achieve the ALMA specifications.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 615  
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Author Billade, Bhushan; Belitsky, Victor; Pavolotsky, Alexey; Lapkin, Igor; Kooi, Jacob openurl 
  Title ALMA band 5 (163-211 GHz) sideband separation mixer Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication Proc. 20th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 19-23  
  Keywords SIS mixer, noise temperature, ALMA, band 5  
  Abstract We present the design of ALMA Band 5 sideband separation SIS mixer and experimental results for the double side band mixer and first measurement results 2SB mixer. In this mixer, the LO injection circuitry is integrated on the mixer substrate using a directional coupler, combining microstrip lines with slot-line branches in the ground plane. The isolated port of the LO coupler is terminated by wideband floating elliptical termination. The mixer employs two SIS junctions with junction area of 3 µm² each, in the twin junction configuration, followed by a quarter wave transformer to match the RF probe. 2SB mixer uses two identical but mirrored chips, whereas each DSB mixer has the same end-piece configuration. The 2S mixer has modular design such that DSB mixers are measured independently and then integrated into 2SB simply by placing around the middle piece. Measurements of the DSB mixer show noise temperature of around 40K over the entire band. 2SB mixer is not fully characterized yet, however, preliminary measurement indicates SSB (un-corrected) noise temperature of 80K.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 616  
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Author Li, Chao-Te; Chen, Tse-Jun; Ni, Tong-Liang; Lu, Wei-Chun; Chiu, Chuang-Ping; Chen, Chong-Wen; Chang, Yung-Chin; Wang, Ming-Jye Shi, Sheng-Cai openurl 
  Title Development of SIS mixers for SMA 400-520 GHz band Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication Proc. 20th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 24-30  
  Keywords SIS mixer, noise temperature, SMA  
  Abstract SIS junction mixers were developed for SMA 400-520 GHz band. The results show receiver noise temperature around 100 K across the band, with noise contribution from RF loss and IF estimated to be around 50 K and 20K, respectively. Two schemes were used to tune out junction's parasitic capacitance. When a parallel inductor is employed, the input impedance is close to Rn, which facilitates impedance matching between the junction and the waveguide probe. Waveguide probes were designed to achieve a low feed-point impedance to match to the junction resistance. Optimum embedding impedances for lower receiver noise temperature were investigated. Performances of two schemes and composition of receiver noise were also discussed.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 617  
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Author Jackson, B. D.; Hesper, R.; Adema, J.; Barkhof, J.; Baryshev, A. M.; Zijlstra, T.; Zhu, S.; Klapwijk, T. M. openurl 
  Title Series production of state-of-the-art 602-720 GHz SIS receivers for band 9 of ALMA Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication Proc. 20th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 7-11  
  Keywords SIS mixer, noise temperature, ALMA, band 9  
  Abstract The Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) requires the development and production of 73 state-of-the-art receivers for the 602-720 GHz range – the ALMA Band 9 cartridges. Development and pre-production of the first 8 cartridges was completed between 2003 and 2008, resulting in a cartridge design that meets the project's challenging requirements. The cartridge design remains essentially unchanged for production, while the production and test processes developed during pre-production have been fine-tuned to address the biggest new challenge for this phase – ramping up production to a rate of 2 cartridges per month over 2009-2012.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 618  
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Author Kooi, Jacob Willem pdf  isbn
openurl 
  Title Advanced receivers for submillimeter and far infrared astronomy Type Book Whole
  Year 2008 Publication University of Groningen Abbreviated Journal RUG  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages  
  Keywords HEB, SIS, TES, NEP, noise temperature, IF bandwidth, waveguide, impedance, conversion gain, FTS, integrated array, stability, Allan variance, multi-layer antireflection coating  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis Doctoral thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-90-367-3653-4 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 881  
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Author Ozhegov, R. V.; Gorshkov, K. N.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Finkel, M. I.; Goltsman, G. N.; Kiselev, O. S.; Kinev, N. V.; Filippenko, L. V.; Koshelets, V. P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Terahertz imaging system based on superconducting heterodyne integrated receiver Type Conference Article
  Year 2014 Publication Proc. THz and Security Applications Abbreviated Journal Proc. THz and Security Applications  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 113-125  
  Keywords SIS mixer, SIR, THz imaging  
  Abstract The development of terahertz imaging instruments for security systems is on the cutting edge of terahertz technology. We are developing a THz imaging system based on a superconducting integrated receiver (SIR). An SIR is a new type of heterodyne receiver based on an SIS mixer integrated with a flux-flow oscillator (FFO) and a harmonic mixer which is used for phase-locking the FFO. Employing an SIR in an imaging system means building an entirely new instrument with many advantages compared to traditional systems.

In this project we propose a prototype THz imaging system using an 1 pixel SIR and 2D scanner. At a local oscillator frequency of 500 GHz the best noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of the SIR is 10 mK at an integration time of 1 s and a detection bandwidth of 4 GHz. The scanner consists of two rotating flat mirrors placed in front of the antenna consisting of a spherical primary reflector and an aspherical secondary reflector. The diameter of the primary reflector is 0.3 m. The operating frequency of the imaging system is 600 GHz, the frame rate is 0.1 FPS, the scanning area is 0.5 × 0.5 m2, the image resolution is 50 × 50 pixels, the distance from an object to the scanner was 3 m. We have obtained THz images with a spatial resolution of 8 mm and a NETD of less than 2 K.
 
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Netherlands Place of Publication Dordrecht Editor Corsi, C.; Sizov, F.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 978-94-017-8828-1 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1368  
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Author Samsonova, Alena; Zolotov, Philipp; Baeva, Elmira; Lomakin, Andrey; Titova, Nadezhda; Kardakova, Anna; Goltsman, Gregory doi  openurl
  Title Signatures of surface magnetic disorder in thin niobium films Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) Issue Pages 1-1  
  Keywords Temperature measurement, Temperature dependence, Superconducting magnets, Superconducting transition temperature, Substrates, Resistance, Scattering  
  Abstract We present our studies on the evolution of the normal and superconducting properties with thickness of thin Nb films with a low level of non-magnetic disorder (kFl 150 for the thickest film in the set). The analysis of the superconducting behavior points to the presence of magnetic moments, hidden in the native oxide on the surface of Nb films. Using the Abrikosov-Gorkov theory, we obtain the density of surface magnetic moments of 1013 cm-2, which is in agreement with the previously reported data for Nb films.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1162  
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Author Gayduchenko, I. A.; Moskotin, M. V.; Matyushkin, Y. E.; Rybin, M. G.; Obraztsova, E. D.; Ryzhii, V. I.; Goltsman, G. N.; Fedorov, G. E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The detection of sub-terahertz radiation using graphene-layer and graphene-nanoribbon FETs with asymmetric contacts Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication Materials Today: Proc. Abbreviated Journal Materials Today: Proc.  
  Volume (up) 5 Issue 13 Pages 27301-27306  
  Keywords graphene nanoribbons, graphene-nanoribbon, GNR FET, field effect transistor  
  Abstract We report on the detection of sub-terahertz radiation using single layer graphene and graphene-nanoribbon FETs with asymmetric contacts (one is the Schottky contact and one – the Ohmic contact). We found that cutting graphene into ribbons a hundred nanometers wide leads to a decrease of the response to sub-THz radiation. We show that suppression of the response in the graphene nanoribbons devices can be explained by unusual properties of the Schottky barrier on graphene-vanadium interface.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2214-7853 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1316  
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Author Emelianov, A. V.; Nekrasov, N. P.; Moskotin, M. V.; Fedorov, G. E.; Otero, N.; Romero, P. M.; Nevolin, V. K.; Afinogenov, B. I.; Nasibulin, A. G.; Bobrinetskiy, I. I. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Individual SWCNT transistor with photosensitive planar junction induced by two‐photon oxidation Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Adv. Electron. Mater. Abbreviated Journal Adv. Electron. Mater.  
  Volume (up) 7 Issue 3 Pages 2000872  
  Keywords SWCNT transistors  
  Abstract The fabrication of planar junctions in carbon nanomaterials is a promising way to increase the optical sensitivity of optoelectronic nanometer-scale devices in photonic connections, sensors, and photovoltaics. Utilizing a unique lithography approach based on direct femtosecond laser processing, a fast and easy technique for modification of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) optoelectronic properties through localized two-photon oxidation is developed. It results in a novel approach of quasimetallic to semiconducting nanotube conversion so that metal/semiconductor planar junction is formed via local laser patterning. The fabricated planar junction in the field-effect transistors based on individual SWCNT drastically increases the photoresponse of such devices. The broadband photoresponsivity of the two-photon oxidized structures reaches the value of 2 × 107 A W−1 per single SWCNT at 1 V bias voltage. The SWCNT-based transistors with induced metal/semiconductor planar junction can be applied to detect extremely small light intensities with high spatial resolution in photovoltaics, integrated circuits, and telecommunication applications.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2199-160X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1843  
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Author Larrey, V.; Villegier, J. -C.; Salez, M.; Miletto-Granozio, F.; Karpov, A. doi  openurl
  Title Processing and characterization of high Jc NbN superconducting tunnel junctions for THz analog circuits and RSFQ Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume (up) 9 Issue 2 Pages 3216-3219  
  Keywords RSFQ, NbN, SIS  
  Abstract A generic NbN Superconducting Tunnel Junctions (STJ) technology has been developed using conventional substrates (Si and SOI-SIMOX) for making THz spectrometers including SIS receivers and RSFQ logic gates. NbN/MgO/NbN junctions with area of 1 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, Jc of 10 kA/cm/sup 2/ and low sub-gap leakage current (Vm>25 mV) are currently obtained from room temperature sputtered multilayers followed by a post-annealing at 250/spl deg/C. Using a thin MgO buffer layer deposited underneath the NbN electrodes, ensures lower NbN surface resistance values (Rs=7 /spl mu//spl Omega/) at 10 GHz and 4 K. Epitaxial NbN [100] films on MgO [100] with high gap frequency (1.4 THz) have also been achieved under the same deposition conditions at room temperature. The NbN SIS has shown good I-V photon induced steps when LO pumped at 300 GHz. We have developed an 8 levels Al/NbN multilayer process for making 1.5 THz SIS mixers (including Al antennas) on Si membranes patterned in SOI-SIMOX. Using the planarization techniques developed at the Si-MOS CEA-LETI Facility, we have also demonstrated on the possibility of extending our NbN technology to high level RSFQ circuit integration with 0.5 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ junction area, made on large area substrates (up to 8 inches).  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1081  
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Author Gayduchenko, I.; Xu, S. G.; Alymov, G.; Moskotin, M.; Tretyakov, I.; Taniguchi, T.; Watanabe, K.; Goltsman, G.; Geim, A. K.; Fedorov, G.; Svintsov, D.; Bandurin, D. A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Tunnel field-effect transistors for sensitive terahertz detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Nat. Commun. Abbreviated Journal Nat. Commun.  
  Volume (up) 12 Issue 1 Pages 543  
  Keywords field-effect transistors, bilayer graphene, BLG  
  Abstract The rectification of electromagnetic waves to direct currents is a crucial process for energy harvesting, beyond-5G wireless communications, ultra-fast science, and observational astronomy. As the radiation frequency is raised to the sub-terahertz (THz) domain, ac-to-dc conversion by conventional electronics becomes challenging and requires alternative rectification protocols. Here, we address this challenge by tunnel field-effect transistors made of bilayer graphene (BLG). Taking advantage of BLG's electrically tunable band structure, we create a lateral tunnel junction and couple it to an antenna exposed to THz radiation. The incoming radiation is then down-converted by the tunnel junction nonlinearity, resulting in high responsivity (>4 kV/W) and low-noise (0.2 pW/[Formula: see text]) detection. We demonstrate how switching from intraband Ohmic to interband tunneling regime can raise detectors' responsivity by few orders of magnitude, in agreement with the developed theory. Our work demonstrates a potential application of tunnel transistors for THz detection and reveals BLG as a promising platform therefor.  
  Address Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. bandurin@mit.edu  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2041-1723 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:33483488; PMCID:PMC7822863 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1261  
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