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Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. |
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New generation of nanowire NbN superconducting single-photon detector for mid-infrared |
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2011 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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21 |
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3 |
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323-326 |
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SSPD |
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We present a break-through approach to mid-infrared single-photon detection based on nanowire NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD). Although SSPD became a mature technology for telecom wavelengths (1.3-1.55 μm) its further expansion to mid-infrared wavelength was hampered by low sensitivity above 2 μm. We managed to overcome this limit by reducing the nanowire width to 50 nm, while retaining high superconducting properties and connecting the wires in parallel to produce a voltage response of sufficient magnitude. The new device exhibits 10 times better quantum efficiency at 3.5 μm wavelength than the “standard” SSPD. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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644 |
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Yamashita, Taro; Miki, Shigehito; Qiu, Wei; Fujiwara, Mikio; Sasaki, Masahide; Wang, Zhen |
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Temperature dependent performances of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors in an ultralow-temperature region |
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2010 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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21 |
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3 |
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336 - 339 |
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SNSPD |
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We report on the performance of a fiber-coupled superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) from 4 K down to the ultralow temperature of 16 mK for a 1550 nm wave length. The system detection efficiency (DE) increased with de creasing the temperature and reached the considerably high value of 15% with a dark count rate less than 100 cps below 1.5 K, even without an optical cavity structure. We also observed saturation of the system DE in its bias current dependency at 16 mK, which indicates that the device DE of our SNSPD nearly reached intrinsic DE despite the device having a large active area of 20 μm × 20 μm. The dark count was finite even at 16 mK and the black body radiation becomes its dominant origin in the low temperatures for fiber-coupled devices. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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656 |
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Kovalyuk, V.; Hartmann, W.; Kahl, O.; Kaurova, N.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Pernice, W. H. P. |
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Absorption engineering of NbN nanowires deposited on silicon nitride nanophotonic circuits |
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2013 |
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Opt. Express |
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Opt. Express |
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21 |
Issue |
19 |
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22683-22692 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, NbN nanoeires, Si3N4 waveguides |
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We investigate the absorption properties of U-shaped niobium nitride (NbN) nanowires atop nanophotonic circuits. Nanowires as narrow as 20nm are realized in direct contact with Si3N4 waveguides and their absorption properties are extracted through balanced measurements. We perform a full characterization of the absorption coefficient in dependence of length, width and separation of the fabricated nanowires, as well as for waveguides with different cross-section and etch depth. Our results show excellent agreement with finite-element analysis simulations for all considered parameters. The experimental data thus allows for optimizing absorption properties of emerging single-photon detectors co-integrated with telecom wavelength optical circuits. |
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1094-4087 |
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PMID:24104155 |
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1213 |
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McCarthy, Aongus; Krichel, Nils J.; Gemmell, Nathan R.; Ren, Ximing; Tanner, Michael G.; Dorenbos, Sander N.; Zwiller, Val; Hadfield, Robert H.; Buller, Gerald S. |
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Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection |
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2013 |
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Opt. Express |
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Opt. Express |
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21 |
Issue |
7 |
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8904-8915 |
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SSPD, SNSPD, lidar, SSPD applications, SNSPD applications |
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This paper highlights a significant advance in time-of-flight depth imaging: by using a scanning transceiver which incorporated a free-running, low noise superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, we were able to obtain centimeter resolution depth images of low-signature objects in daylight at stand-off distances of the order of one kilometer at the relatively eye-safe wavelength of 1560 nm. The detector used had an efficiency of 18% at 1 kHz dark count rate, and the overall system jitter was ~100 ps. The depth images were acquired by illuminating the scene with an optical output power level of less than 250 µW average, and using per-pixel dwell times in the millisecond regime. |
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1053 |
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Schuck, C.; Pernice, W. H. P.; Minaeva, O.; Li, Mo; Gol'tsman, G.; Sergienko, A. V.; Tang, H. X. |
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Title |
Matrix of integrated superconducting single-photon detectors with high timing resolution |
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2013 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
2201007-2201007 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD, array, matrix |
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We demonstrate a large grid of individually addressable superconducting single photon detectors on a single chip. Each detector element is fully integrated into an independent waveguide circuit with custom functionality at telecom wavelengths. High device density is achieved by fabricating the nanowire detectors in traveling wave geometry directly on top of silicon-on-insulator waveguides. Our superconducting single photon detector matrix includes detector designs optimized for high detection efficiency, low dark count rate, and high timing accuracy. As an example, we exploit the high timing resolution of a particularly short nanowire design to resolve individual photon round-trips in a cavity ring-down measurement of a silicon ring resonator. |
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1051-8223 |
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1373 |
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