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Smirnov, K.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Divochiy, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Ryabchun, S.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Polonsky, S. |
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Title |
Ultrathin NbN film superconducting single-photon detector array |
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Conference Article |
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2007 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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61 |
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1081-1085 |
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SSPD array |
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We report on the fabrication process of the 2 × 2 superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) array. The SSPD array is made from ultrathin NbN film and is operated at liquid helium temperatures. Each detector is a nanowire-based structure patterned by electron beam lithography process. The advances in fabrication technology allowed us to produce highly uniform strips and preserve superconducting properties of the unpatterned film. SSPD exhibit up to 30% quantum efficiency in near infrared and up to 1% at 5-μm wavelength. Due to 120 MHz counting rate and 18 ps jitter, the time-domain multiplexing read-out is proposed for large scale SSPD arrays. Single-pixel SSPD has already found a practical application in non-invasive testing of semiconductor very-large scale integrated circuits. The SSPD significantly outperformed traditional single-photon counting avalanche diodes. |
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408 |
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Semenov, Alexei D.; Richter, Heiko; Hubers, Heinz-Wilhelm; Gunther, Burghardt.; Smirnov, Andrey; Il'in, Konstantin S.; Siegel, Michael; Karamarkovic, Jugoslav P. |
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Title |
Terahertz performance of integrated lens antennas with a hot-electron bolometer |
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2007 |
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IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
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55 |
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2 |
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239-247 |
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HEB, lens antenna |
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0018-9480 |
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538 |
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Cherednichenko, Sergey; Drakinskiy, Vladimir; Berg, Therese; Kollberg, Erik L.; Angelov, Iltcho |
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Title |
The direct detection effect in the hot-electron bolometer mixer sensitivity calibration |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
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55 |
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3 |
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504-510 |
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HEB, mixer, direct detection effect |
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0018-9480 |
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RPLAB @ lobanovyury @ |
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555 |
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Słysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Zwiller, V.; Latta, C.; Böhi, P.; Pearlman, A.J.; Cross, A.S.; Pan, D.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Komissarov, I.; Verevkin, A.; Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minayeva, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Fibre-coupled, single photon detector based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for quantum communications |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
Publication |
J. Modern Opt. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Modern Opt. |
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54 |
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2-3 |
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315-326 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present a novel, two-channel, single photon receiver based on two fibre-coupled, NbN, superconducting, single photon detectors (SSPDs). The SSPDs are nanostructured superconducting meanders and are known for ultrafast and efficient detection of visible-to-infrared photons. Coupling between the NbN detector and optical fibre was achieved using a micromechanical photoresist ring placed directly over the SSPD, holding the fibre in place. With this arrangement, we obtained coupling efficiencies up to ∼30%. Our experimental results showed that the best receiver had a near-infrared system quantum efficiency of 0.33% at 4.2 K. The quantum efficiency increased exponentially with the photon energy increase, reaching a few percent level for visible-light photons. The photoresponse pulses of our devices were limited by the meander high kinetic inductance and had the rise and fall times of approximately 250 ps and 5 ns, respectively. The receiver's timing jitter was in the 37 to 58 ps range, approximately 2 to 3 times larger than in our older free-space-coupled SSPDs. We stipulate that this timing jitter is in part due to optical fibre properties. Besides quantum communications, the two-detector arrangement should also find applications in quantum correlation experiments. |
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0950-0340 |
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1434 |
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Kitaygorsky, Jennifer; Komissarov, I.; Jukna, A.; Minaeva, O.; Kaurova, N.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Voronov, B.; Milostnaya, I.; Gol'tsman, G.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Fluctuations in two-dimensional superconducting NbN nanobridges and nanostructures meanders |
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2007 |
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Proc. APS March Meeting |
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Proc. APS March Meeting |
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52 |
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1 |
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L9.00013 |
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We have observed fluctuations, manifested as sub-nanosecond to nanosecond transient, millivolt-amplitude voltage pulses, generated in two-dimensional NbN nanobridges, as well as in extended superconducting meander nanostructures, designed for single photon counting. Both nanobridges and nano-stripe meanders were biased at currents close to the critical current and measured in a range of temperatures from 1.5 to 8 K. During the tests, the devices were blocked from all incoming radiation by a metallic enclosure and shielded from any external magnetic fields. We attribute the observed spontaneous voltage pulses to the Kosterlitz-Thouless-type fluctuations, where the high enough applied bias current reduces the binding energy of vortex-antivortex pairs and, subsequently, thermal fluctuations break them apart causing the order parameter to momentarily reduce to zero, which in turn causes a transient voltage pulse. The duration of the voltage pulses depended on the device geometry (with the high-kinetic inductance meander structures having longer, nanosecond, pulses) while their rate was directly related to the biasing current as well as temperature. |
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1027 |
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Author |
Финкель, М. И.; Масленников, С. Н.; Гольцман, Г. Н. |
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Title |
Концепция приёмного комплекса космического радиотелескопа «Миллиметрон» |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Известия высших учебных заведений. Радиофизика |
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50 |
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10-11 |
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924-934 |
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russian |
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RPLAB @ s @ mix_review_2007_rus |
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410 |
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Finkel, M. I.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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The concept of the receiving complex for the “Millimetron” space radio telescope |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
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50 |
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10-11 |
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837-846 |
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HEB, applications, Millimetron, VLBI |
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We consider the current status of research in the development of a submillimeter and far-infrared receiving instrument and propose promising solutions for the receivers of the spaceborne telescope “Millimetron,” which allow one to realize comprehensively the opportunities given by this international project administrated by the Astrospace Center of the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. |
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0033-8443 |
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411 |
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Author |
Novotny, L. |
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Title |
The history of near-field optics |
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Manuscript |
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2007 |
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Progress in Optics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Prog. Opt. |
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50 |
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137-180 |
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optical antennas |
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This article provides a review of early work and developments in the field of near-field optics. The roots trace back to the letters exchanged between Edward Hutchinson Synge and Albert Einstein in 1928 and, because of the analogy to antenna theory and lightning rods, the origins project back to the time of Benjamin Franklin who discovered the wonderful Effect of Points both in drawing off and throwing off the Electrical Fire. The modern interest was mainly inspired by the invention of scanning probe microscopy and by the first optical near-field measurements by Dieter W. Pohl and co-workers at the IBM Research Laboratory in R¨uschlikon, Switzerland, and also by parallel developments of other groups. Near-field optics received inspiration from the fields of surface enhanced spectroscopy and from studies of energy transfer. While optical near-fields were extensively exploited for overcoming the diffraction limit in optical imaging the study of their physical aspects revealed unique properties which cannot be imitated by free propagating radiation. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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752 |
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Pruessner, Marcel W.; Stievater, Todd H.; Rabinovich, William S. |
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Integrated waveguide Fabry-Perot microcavities with silicon/air Bragg mirrors |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Optics Letters |
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Opt. Lett. |
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32 |
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5 |
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533 |
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0146-9592 |
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484 |
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Zhang, Wen; Li, Ning; Jiang, Ling; Miao, Wei; Lin, Zhen-Hui; Yao, Qi-Jun; Shi, Sheng-Cai; Chen, Jian; Wu, Pei-Heng; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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Noise behaviour of a THz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer |
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2007 |
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Chinese Phys. Lett. |
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Chinese Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
6 |
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1778-1781 |
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NbN HEB mixers |
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A quasi-optical superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer is measured in the frequency range of 0.5–2.5 THz for understanding of the frequency dependence of noise temperature of THz coherent detectors. It has been found that noise temperature increasing with frequency is mainly due to the coupling loss between the quasi-optical planar antenna and the superconducting HEB bridge when taking account of non-uniform distribution of high-frequency current. With the coupling loss corrected, the superconducting HEB mixer demonstrates a noise temperature nearly independent of frequency. |
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0256-307X |
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