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Author Kawamura, Jonathan; Blundell, Raymond; Tong, C.-Y. Edward; Papa, D. Cosmo; Hunter, Todd R.; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Cherednichenko, Sergei; Voronov, Boris; Gershenzon, Eugene url  openurl
  Title First light with an 800 GHz phonon-cooled HEB mixer receiver Type Conference Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.  
  Volume Issue Pages 35-43  
  Keywords HEB, mixer, LO power, local oscillator power, saturation effect, dynamic range  
  Abstract Phonon-cooled superconductive hot-electron bolometric (HEB) mixers are incorporated in a waveguide receiver designed to operate near 800 Gliz. The mixer elements are thin-film nio- bium nitride microbridges with dimensions of 4 nm thickness, 0.2 to 0.3 p.m in length and 2 jun in width. At 780 GHz the best receiver noise temperature is 840 K (DSB). The mixer IF bandwidth is 2.0 GHz, the absorbed LO power is —0.1 1.1W. A fixed-tuned version of the re- ceiver was installed at the Submillimeter Telescope Observatory on Mt. Graham, Arizona, to conduct astronomical observations. These observations represent the first time that a receiver incorporating any superconducting HEB mixer has been used to detect a spectral line of celes- tial origin.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Pasadena, California, USA Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 572  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Burke, P. J.; Schoelkopf, R. J.; Prober, D. E.; Skalare, A.; Karasik, B. S.; Gaidis, M. C.; McGrath, W. R.; Bumble, B.; LeDuc, H. G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Mixing and noise in diffusion and phonon cooled superconducting hot-electron bolometers Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1999 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 85 Issue 3 Pages 1644-1653  
  Keywords HEB, mixer  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 556  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Uzawa, Y.; Miki, S.; Wang, Z.; Kawakami, A.; Kroug, M.; Yagoubov, P.; Kollberg, E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Performance of a quasi-optical NbN hot-electron bolometric mixer at terahertz frequencies Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2002 Publication Superconductor Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 141-145  
  Keywords HEB, mixer  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ s @ Serial 548  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Гольцман, Г.Н.; Лудков, Д.Н. openurl 
  Title Сверхпроводниковые смесители на горячих электронах терагерцового диапазона и их применение в радиоастрономии Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2003 Publication Изв. высших учебных заведений. Радиофизика Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 46 Issue 8/9 Pages  
  Keywords HEB, mixers  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language russian Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ s @ Serial 473  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Tong, C.-Y.E.; Meledin, D.V.; Marrone, D.P.; Paine, S.N.; Gibson, H.; Blundell, R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Near field vector beam measurements at 1 THz Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2003 Publication IEEE Microw. Compon. Lett. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue 6 Pages 235-237  
  Keywords HEB, mixer, waveguide, LO power, local oscillator power, saturation effect, dynamic range  
  Abstract We have performed near-field vector beam measurements at 1.03 THz to characterize and align the receiver optics of a superconducting receiver. The signal source is a harmonic generator mounted on an X-Y translation stage. We model the measured two-dimensional complex beam pattern by a fundamental Gaussian mode, from which we derive the position of the beam center, the beam radius and the direction of propagation. By performing scans in the planes separated by 400 mm, we have confirmed that our beam pattern measurements are highly reliable.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1531-1309 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ lobanovyury @ Serial 574  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Siddiqi, I.; Prober, D. E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Nb–Au bilayer hot-electron bolometers for low-noise THz heterodyne detection Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2004 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 84 Issue 8 Pages 1404  
  Keywords HEB, mixers, dynamic range, saturation, LO power, local oscillator power, Nb  
  Abstract The sensitivity of present Nb diffusion-cooled hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers is not quantum limited, and can be improved by reducing the superconducting transition temperature TC. Lowering TC reduces thermal fluctuations, resulting in a decrease of the mixer noise temperature TM. However, lower TC mixers have reduced dynamic range and saturate more easily due to background noise. We present 30 GHz microwave measurements on a bilayer HEB system, Nb–Au, in which TC can be tuned with Au layer thickness to obtain the maximum sensitivity for a given noise background. These measurements are intended as a guide for the optimization of THz mixers. Using a Nb–Au mixer with TC = 1.6 K, we obtain TM = 50 K with 2 nW of local oscillator (LO) power. Good mixer performance is observed over a wide range of LO power and bias voltage and such a device should not exhibit saturation in a THz receiver.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 571  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Cherednichenko, S.; Kollberg, E.; Angelov, I.; Drakinskiy, V.; Berg, T.; Merkel, H. openurl 
  Title Effect of the direct detection effect on the HEB receiver sensitivity calibration Type Conference Article
  Year (up) 2005 Publication Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 235-239  
  Keywords HEB, mixer, direct detection effect  
  Abstract We analyze the scale of the HEB receiver sensitivity calibration error caused by the so called “direct detection effect”. The effect comes from changing of the HEB parameters when whey face the calibration loads of different temperatures. We found that for HIFI Band 6 mixers (Herschel Space Observatory) the noise temperature error is of the order of 8% for 300K/77K loads (lab receiver) and 2.5% for 100K/10K loads (in HIFI). Using different approach we also predict that with an isolator between the mixer and the low noise amplifiers the error can be much smaller.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Göteborg, Sweden Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 360  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Baselmans, J. J. A.; Baryshev, A.; Reker, S. F.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Vahtomin, Yu.; Maslennikov, S.; Antipov, S.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. doi  openurl
  Title Direct detection effect in small volume hot electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2005 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 86 Issue 16 Pages 163503 (1 to 3)  
  Keywords HEB, mixer, direct detection effect  
  Abstract We measure the direct detection effect in a small volume (0.15μm×1μm×3.5nm)(0.15μm×1μm×3.5nm) quasioptical NbN phonon cooled hot electronbolometermixer at 1.6THz1.6THz. We find that the small signal sensitivity of the receiver is underestimated by 35% due to the direct detection effect and that the optimal operating point is shifted to higher bias voltages when using calibration loads of 300K300K and 77K77K. Using a 200GHz200GHzbandpass filter at 4.2K4.2K the direct detection effect virtually disappears. This has important implications for the calibration procedure of these receivers in real telescope systems.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 377  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Cherednichenko, S.; Drakinskiy, V.; Baubert, J.; Lecomte, B.; Dauplay, F.; Krieg, J. M.; Delorme, Y.; Feret, A.; Hübers, H. W.; Semenov, A. D.; Gol'tsman, G. N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title 2.5 THz multipixel heterodyne receiver based on NbN HEB mixers Type Conference Article
  Year (up) 2006 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE  
  Volume 6275 Issue Pages 62750I (1 to 11)  
  Keywords HEB, mixer, membrane  
  Abstract A 16 pixel heterodyne receiver for 2.5 THz has been developed based on NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers. The receiver uses a quasioptical RF coupling approach where HEB mixers are integrated into double dipole antennas on 1.5 µm thick Si3N4/SiO2 membranes. Spherical mirrors (one per pixel) and backshort distance from the antenna have been used to design the output mixer beam profile. The camera design allows all 16 pixel IF readout in parallel. The gain bandwidth of the HEB mixers on Si3N4/SiO2 membranes was found to be 0.7÷0.9 GHz, which is much smaller than for similar devices on silicon. Application of buffer layers and use of alternative types of membranes (e.g. silicon-on-insulator) is under investigation.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 561  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Cherednichenko, Sergey; Drakinskiy, Vladimir; Berg, Therese; Kollberg, Erik L.; Angelov, Iltcho url  doi
openurl 
  Title The direct detection effect in the hot-electron bolometer mixer sensitivity calibration Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2007 Publication IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 504-510  
  Keywords HEB, mixer, direct detection effect  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-9480 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ lobanovyury @ Serial 555  
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