Zolotov, P., Vakhtomin, Y., Divochiy, A., Morozov, P., Seleznev, V., & Smirnov, K. (2017). Development of fast and high-effective single-photon detector for spectrum range up to 2.3 μm. In Proc. SPBOPEN (pp. 439–440).
Abstract: We present the results of development and testing of the single-photon-counting system operating in the wide spectrum rane up to 2.3 mcm. We managed to increase system detection efficiency up to 60% in the range of 1.7-2.3 mcm optimisation of the fabrication methods of superconducting single-photon detectors and application of the single-mode fiber with enlarged core diameter.
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Kovalyuk, V., Ferrari, S., Kahl, O., Semenov, A., Lobanov, Y., Shcherbatenko, M., et al. (2017). Waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector for on-chip quantum and spectral photonic application.
Abstract: By adopting a travelling-wave geometry approach, integrated superconductor- nanophotonic devices were fabricated. The architecture consists of a superconducting NbN- nanowire atop of a silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) nanophotonic waveguide. NbN-nanowire was operated as a single-photon counting detector, with up to 92% on-chip detection efficiency (OCDE), in the coherent mode, serving as a highly sensitive IR heterodyne mixer with spectral resolution (f/df) greater than 10^6 in C-band at 1550 nm wavelength.
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Goltsman, G. (2017). Superconducting thin film as infrared heterodyne and direct detectors. In 16th ISEC (pp. 1–3).
Abstract: We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chip-quantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device.
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Elezov, M. S., Ozhegov, R. V., Goltsman, G. N., Makarov, V., Vinogradov, E. A., Naumov, A. V., et al. (2017). Development of the experimental setup for investigation of latching of superconducting single-photon detector caused by blinding attack on the quantum key distribution system. In EPJ Web Conf. (Vol. 132, 01004 (1 to 2)).
Abstract: Recently bright-light control of the SSPD has been demonstrated. This attack employed a “backdoor” in the detector biasing scheme. Under bright-light illumination, SSPD becomes resistive and remains “latched” in the resistive state even when the light is switched off. While the SSPD is latched, Eve can simulate SSPD single-photon response by sending strong light pulses, thus deceiving Bob. We developed the experimental setup for investigation of a dependence on latching threshold of SSPD on optical pulse length and peak power. By knowing latching threshold it is possible to understand essential requirements for development countermeasures against blinding attack on quantum key distribution system with SSPDs.
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Goltsman, G. (2017). Superconducting thin film nanostructures as terahertz and infrared heterodyne and direct detectors. In 16th ISEC (Th-I-QTE-03 (1 to 3)).
Abstract: We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chipquantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device.
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Zhang, J., Verevkin, A., Slysz, W., Chulkova, G., Korneev, A., Lipatov, A., et al. (2017). Time-resolved characterization of NbN superconducting single-photon optical detectors. In J. C. Armitage (Ed.), Proc. SPIE (Vol. 10313, 103130F (1 to 3)). SPIE.
Abstract: NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are very promising devices for their picosecond response time, high intrinsic quantum efficiency, and high signal-to-noise ratio within the radiation wavelength from ultraviolet to near infrared (0.4 gm to 3 gm) [1-3]. The single photon counting property of NbN SSPDs have been investigated thoroughly and a model of hotspot formation has been introduced to explain the physics of the photon- counting mechanism [4-6]. At high incident flux density (many-photon pulses), there are, of course, a large number of hotspots simultaneously formed in the superconducting stripe. If these hotspots overlap with each other across the width w of the stripe, a resistive barrier is formed instantly and a voltage signal can be generated. We assume here that the stripe thickness d is less than the electron diffusion length, so the hotspot region can be considered uniform. On the other hand, when the photon flux is so low that on average only one hotspot is formed across w at a given time, the formation of the resistive barrier will be realized only when the supercurrent at sidewalks surpasses the critical current (jr) of the superconducting stripe [1]. In the latter situation, the formation of the resistive barrier is associated with the phase-slip center (PSC) development. The effect of PSCs on the suppression of superconductivity in nanowires has been discussed very recently [8, 9] and is the subject of great interest.
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Мошкова, М. А., Дивочий, А. В., Морозов, П. В., Золотов, Ф. И., Вахтомин, Ю. Б., & Смирнов, К. В. (2018). Высокоэффективные NBN однофотонные детекторы с разрешением числа фотонов. In Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. (pp. 400–401).
Abstract: Разработаны и исследованы сверхпроводниковые однофотонные детекторы, способные к разрешению до 3-х фотонов в коротком импульсе излучения и имеющие квантовую эффективность детектирования одиночных фотонов ~60% на длине волны lambda=1.55 мкм. Проведенная модернизация технологии изготовления детекторов, позволила получить приемные устройства с мультифотонной квантовой эффективностью, приближающейся к расчетным значениям.
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Smirnov, E., Golikov, A., Zolotov, P., Kovalyuk, V., Lobino, M., Voronov, B., et al. (2018). Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector on lithium niobate. In J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. (Vol. 1124, 051025).
Abstract: We demonstrate superconducting niobium nitride nanowires folded on top of lithium niobate substrate. We report of 6% system detection efficiency at 20 s−1 dark count rate at telecommunication wavelength (1550 nm). Our results shown great potential for the use of NbN nanowires in the field of linear and nonlinear integrated quantum photonics.
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Fedder, H., Oesterwind, S., Wick, M., Olbrich, F., Michler, P., Veigel, T., et al. (2018). Characterization of electro-optical devices with low jitter single photon detectors – towards an optical sampling oscilloscope beyond 100 GHz. In ECOC (pp. 1–3).
Abstract: We showcase an optical random sampling scope that exploits single photon counting and apply it to characterize optical transceivers. We study single photon detectors with a jitter down to 40 ps. The method can be extended beyond 100 GHz.
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Korneev, A., Kovalyuk, V., An, P., Golikov, A., Zubkova, E., Ferrari, S., et al. (2018). Superconducting single-photon detector for integrated waveguide spectrometer. In EPJ Web Conf. (Vol. 190, 04009).
Abstract: We present our recent achievements in the development of an on-chip spectrometer consisting of arrayed waveguide grating made of Si3N4 waveguides and NbN superconducting single-photon detector.
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