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Author Sclafani, M.; Marksteiner, M.; Keir, F. M. L.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Sensitivity of a superconducting nanowire detector for single ions at low energy Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2012 Publication Nanotechnol. Abbreviated Journal Nanotechnol.  
  Volume 23 Issue 6 Pages 065501 (1 to 5)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single ion detector, SSID, SNSID  
  Abstract We report on the characterization of a superconducting nanowire detector for ions at low kinetic energies. We measure the absolute single-particle detection efficiency eta and trace its increase with energy up to eta = 100%. We discuss the influence of noble gas adsorbates on the cryogenic surface and analyze their relevance for the detection of slow massive particles. We apply a recent model for the hot-spot formation to the incidence of atomic ions at energies between 0.2 and 1 keV. We suggest how the differences observed for photons and atoms or molecules can be related to the surface condition of the detector and we propose that the restoration of proper surface conditions may open a new avenue for SSPD-based optical spectroscopy on molecules and nanoparticles.  
  Address Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0957-4484 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:22248823 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1380  
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Author Schuck, C.; Pernice, W. H. P.; Minaeva, O.; Li, Mo; Gol'tsman, G.; Sergienko, A. V.; Tang, H. X. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Matrix of integrated superconducting single-photon detectors with high timing resolution Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2013 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 2201007-2201007  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, array, matrix  
  Abstract We demonstrate a large grid of individually addressable superconducting single photon detectors on a single chip. Each detector element is fully integrated into an independent waveguide circuit with custom functionality at telecom wavelengths. High device density is achieved by fabricating the nanowire detectors in traveling wave geometry directly on top of silicon-on-insulator waveguides. Our superconducting single photon detector matrix includes detector designs optimized for high detection efficiency, low dark count rate, and high timing accuracy. As an example, we exploit the high timing resolution of a particularly short nanowire design to resolve individual photon round-trips in a cavity ring-down measurement of a silicon ring resonator.  
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  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1373  
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Author Lusche, Robert; Semenov, Alexey; Huebers, Heinz-Willhelm; Ilin, Konstantin; Siegel, Michael; Korneeva, Yuliya; Trifonov, Andrey; Korneev, Alexander; Goltsman, Gregory url  openurl
  Title Effect of the wire geometry and an externally applied magnetic field on the detection efficiency of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors Type Abstract
  Year (up) 2013 Publication INIS Abbreviated Journal INIS  
  Volume 46 Issue 8 Pages 1-3  
  Keywords TaN, NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract The interest in single-photon detectors in the near-infrared wavelength regime for applications, e.g. in quantum cryptography has immensely increased in the last years. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) already show quite reasonable detection efficiencies in the NIR which can even be further improved. Novel theoretical approaches including vortex-assisted photon counting state that the detection efficiency in the long wavelength region can be enhanced by the detector geometry and an applied magnetic field. We present spectral measurements in the wavelength range from 350-2500 nm of the detection efficiency of meander-type TaN and NbN SNSPD with varying nanowire line width from 80 to 250 nm. Due to the used experimental setup we can accurately normalize the measured spectra and are able to extract the intrinsic detection efficiency (IDE) of our detectors. The results clearly indicate an improvement of the IDE depending on the wire width according to the theoretic models. Furthermore we experimentally found that the smallest detectable photon-flux can be increased by applying a small magnetic field to the detectors.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1374  
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Author Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Ilin, K.; Siegel, M.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Vodolazov, D.; Hübers, H.-W. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effect of the wire width on the intrinsic detection efficiency of superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2014 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.  
  Volume 116 Issue 4 Pages 043906 (1 to 9)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, TaN  
  Abstract A thorough spectral study of the intrinsic single-photon detection efficiency in superconducting TaN and NbN nanowires with different widths has been performed. The experiment shows that the cut-off of the intrinsic detection efficiency at near-infrared wavelengths is most likely controlled by the local suppression of the barrier for vortex nucleation around the absorption site. Beyond the cut-off quasi-particle diffusion in combination with spontaneous, thermally activated vortex crossing explains the detection process. For both materials, the reciprocal cut-off wavelength scales linearly with the wire width where the scaling factor agrees with the hot-spot detection model.  
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  ISSN 0021-8979 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1357  
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Author Murphy, A.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Gol’tsman, G.; Bezryadin, A. url  openurl
  Title Dark counts initiated by macroscopic quantum tunneling in NbN superconducting photon detectors Type Miscellaneous
  Year (up) 2014 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords NbN SSPD  
  Abstract We perform measurements of the switching current distributions of three w = 120 nm wide, 4 nm thick NbN superconducting strips which are used for single-photon detectors. These strips are much wider than the diameter the vortex cores, so they are classified as quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D). We discover evidence of macroscopic quantum tunneling by observing the saturation of the standard deviation of the switching distributions at temperatures around 2 K. We analyze our results using the Kurkijarvi-Garg model and find that the escape temperature also saturates at low temperatures, confirming that at sufficiently low temperatures, macroscopic quantum tunneling is possible in quasi-2D strips and can contribute to dark counts observed in single photon detectors.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number murphy2014dark Serial 1356  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Hübers, H.-W. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effect of magnetic field on the photon detection in thin superconducting meander structures Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2014 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B  
  Volume 89 Issue 10 Pages 104513 (1 to 7)  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We have studied the influence of an externally applied magnetic field on the photon and dark count rates of meander-type niobium nitride superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Measurements have been performed at a temperature of 4.2 K, and magnetic fields up to 250 mT have been applied perpendicularly to the meander plane. While photon count rates are field independent at weak applied fields, they show a strong dependence at fields starting from approximately ±25 mT. This behavior, as well as the magnetic field dependence of the dark count rates, is in good agreement with the recent theoretical model of vortex-assisted photon detection and spontaneous vortex crossing in narrow superconducting lines. However, the local reduction of the superconducting free energy due to photon absorption, which is the fitting parameter in the model, increases much slower with the photon energy than the model predicts. Furthermore, changes in the free-energy during photon counts and dark counts depend differently on the current that flows through the meander. This indicates that photon counts and dark counts occur in different parts of the meander.  
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  ISSN 1098-0121 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1367  
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Author Gol’tsman, G.N. url  openurl
  Title Overview of recent results for superconducting NbN terahertz and optical detectors and mixers Type Miscellaneous
  Year (up) 2014 Publication SM2 – Seminar on Terahertz Photonics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 0562  
  Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, HEB  
  Abstract We present our recent achievements in the development of sensitive and ultrafast thin-film superconducting sensors: hot-electron bolometers (HEB), HEB-mixers for terahertz range and infrared single-photon counters. These sensors have already demonstrated a performance that makes them devices-of-choice for many terahertz and optical applications.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1746  
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Author Smirnov, K.; Vachtomin, Y.; Divochiy, A.; Antipov, A.; Goltsman, G. url  openurl
  Title The limitation of noise equivalent power by background radiation for infrared superconducting single photon detectors coupled to standard single mode optical fibers Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2015 Publication Rus. J. Radio Electron. Abbreviated Journal Rus. J. Radio Electron.  
  Volume Issue 5 Pages  
  Keywords NbN SSPD  
  Abstract We investigated the minimum level of the dark count rates and noise equivalent power of superconducting single photon detectors coupled to standard single mode optical fibers. We found that background radiation limits the minimum level of the dark count rates. We also proposed the effective method for reducing background radiation out of the required spectral range of the detector. Measured noise equivalent power of detector reaches 8.9×10-19 W×Hz1/2 at a wavelength of 1.55 μm and quantum efficiency 35%.  
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  Notes 14 pages Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1813  
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Author Shcherbatenko, M.; Lobanov, Y.; Semenov, A.; Kovalyuk, V.; Korneev, A.; Ozhegov, R.; Kazakov, A.; Voronov, B.M.; Goltsman, G.N. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Potential of a superconducting photon counter for heterodyne detection at the telecommunication wavelength Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2016 Publication Opt. Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express  
  Volume 24 Issue 26 Pages 30474-30484  
  Keywords NbN SSPD mixer, SNSPD  
  Abstract Here, we report on the successful operation of a NbN thin film superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) in a coherent mode (as a mixer) at the telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm. Providing the local oscillator power of the order of a few picowatts, we were practically able to reach the quantum noise limited sensitivity. The intermediate frequency gain bandwidth (also referred to as response or conversion bandwidth) was limited by the spectral band of a single-photon response pulse of the detector, which is proportional to the detector size. We observed a gain bandwidth of 65 MHz and 140 MHz for 7 x 7 microm2 and 3 x 3 microm2 devices, respectively. A tiny amount of the required local oscillator power and wide gain and noise bandwidths, along with unnecessary low noise amplification, make this technology prominent for various applications, with the possibility for future development of a photon counting heterodyne-born large-scale array.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1094-4087 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:28059394 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1207  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Korneeva, Y.; Sidorova, M.; Semenov, A.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S.; Mitsen, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Goltsman, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Comparison of hot-spot formation in NbC and NbN single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2016 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 1-4  
  Keywords NbC, NbN SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We report an experimental investigation of the hot-spot evolution in superconducting single-photon detectors made of disordered superconducting materials with different diffusivity and energy downconversion time values, i.e., 33-nm-thick NbN and 23-nm-thick NbC films. We have demonstrated that, in NbC film, only 405-nm photons produce sufficiently large hot spot to trigger a single-photon response. The dependence of detection efficiency on bias current for 405-nm photons in NbC is similar to that for 3400-nm photons in NbN. In NbC, large diffusivity and downconversion time result in 1-D critical current suppression profile compared with the usual 2-D profile in NbN.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1348  
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