|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Sobolewski, R.; Verevkin, A.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Lipatov, A.; Wilsher, K. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Ultrafast superconducting single-photon optical detectors and their applications |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1151-1157 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
|
|
Abstract |
We present a new class of ultrafast single-photon detectors for counting both visible and infrared photons. The detection mechanism is based on photon-induced hotspot formation, which forces the supercurrent redistribution and leads to the appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin, submicrometer-width, superconducting stripe. The devices were fabricated from 3.5-nm- and 10-nm-thick NbN films, patterned into <200-nm-wide stripes in the 4 /spl times/ 4-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ or 10 /spl times/ 10-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ meander-type geometry, and operated at 4.2 K, well below the NbN critical temperature (T/sub c/=10-11 K). Continuous-wave and pulsed-laser optical sources in the 400-nm-to 3500-nm-wavelength range were used to determine the detector performance in the photon-counting mode. Experimental quantum efficiency was found to exponentially depend on the photon wavelength, and for our best, 3.5-nm-thick, 100-/spl mu/m/sup 2/-area devices varied from >10% for 405-nm radiation to 3.5% for 1550-nm photons. The detector response time and jitter were /spl sim/100 ps and 35 ps, respectively, and were acquisition system limited. The dark counts were below 0.01 per second at optimal biasing. In terms of the counting rate, jitter, and dark counts, the NbN single-photon detectors significantly outperform their semiconductor counterparts. Already-identified applications for our devices range from noncontact testing of semiconductor CMOS VLSI circuits to free-space quantum cryptography and communications. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1051-8223 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
509 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Schubert, J.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Hübers, H.-W.; Schwaab, G.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Noise temperature of an NbN hot-electron bolometric mixer at frequencies from 0.7 THz to 5.2 THz |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
748-750 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
We report on noise temperature measurements of an NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometric mixer in the terahertz frequency range. The devices were 3 nm thick films with in-plane dimensions 1.7 × 0.2 µm2 and 0.9 × 0.2 µm2 integrated in a complementary logarithmic-spiral antenna. Measurements were performed at seven frequencies ranging from 0.7 THz to 5.2 THz. The measured DSB noise temperatures are 1500 K (0.7 THz), 2200 K (1.4 THz), 2600 K (1.6 THz), 2900 K (2.5 THz), 4000 K (3.1 THz), 5600 K (4.3 THz) and 8800 K (5.2 THz). |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
298 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Kroug, M.; Cherednichenko, S.; Choumas, M.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Hübers, H.-W.; Richter, H.; Loudkov, D.; Voronov, B.; Gol'Tsman, G. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
HEB quasi-optical heterodyne receiver for THz frequencies |
Type |
Conference Article |
|
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Proc. 12th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
244-252 |
|
|
Keywords |
HEB mixer, NbN, MgO, conversion gain bandwidth, noise temperature |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
San Diego, CA, USA |
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
319 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Sobolewski, Roman; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Detection efficiency of large-active-area NbN single-photon superconducting detectors in the ultraviolet to near-infrared range |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
80 |
Issue |
25 |
Pages |
4687-4689 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QE |
|
|
Abstract |
We report our studies on spectral sensitivity of meander-type, superconducting NbN thin-film single-photon detectors (SPDs), characterized by GHz counting rates of visible and near-infrared photons and negligible dark counts. Our SPDs exhibit experimentally determined quantum efficiencies ranging from ∼0.2% at the 1.55 μm wavelength to ∼70% at 0.4 μm. Spectral dependences of the detection efficiency (DE) at the 0.4 to 3.0-μm-wavelength range are presented. The exponential character of the DE dependence on wavelength, as well as its dependence versus bias current, is qualitatively explained in terms of superconducting fluctuations in our ultrathin, submicron-width superconducting stripes. The DE values of large-active-area NbN SPDs in the visible range are high enough for modern quantum communications. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
331 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Semenov, A. D.; Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm; Richter, H.; Birk, M.; Krocka, M.; Mair, U.; Vachtomin, Yu. B.; Finkel, M. I.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Smirnov, K. V.; Kaurova, N. S.; Drakinski, V. N.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer for terahertz heterodyne receivers |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
168-171 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
We present recent results showing the development of superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer mixer for German receiver for astronomy at terahertz frequencies and terahertz limb sounder. The mixer is incorporated into a planar feed antenna, which has either logarithmic spiral or double-slot configuration, and backed on a silicon lens. The hybrid antenna had almost frequency independent and symmetric radiation pattern slightly broader than expected for a diffraction limited antenna. At 2.5 THz the best 2200 K double side-band receiver noise temperature was achieved across a 1 GHz intermediate frequency bandwidth centred at 1.5 GHz. For this operation regime, a receiver conversion efficiency of -17 dB was directly measured and the loss budget was evaluated. The mixer response was linear at load temperatures smaller than 400 K. Implementation of the MgO buffer layer on Si resulted in an increased 5.2 GHz gain bandwidth. The receiver was tested in the laboratory environment by measuring a methanol emission line at 2.5 THz. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
343 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Gol'tsman, G. N.; Loudkov, D. N. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Terahertz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers and their application in radio astronomy |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Radiophys. Quant. Electron. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
46 |
Issue |
8/9 |
Pages |
604-617 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
We review the latest developments, research, and radioastronomy applications of hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers operated in the terahertz waveband. The physical principles of operation of terahertz HEB mixers are presented, their manufacturing from ultrathin NbN films, the main HEB-mixer parameters and their measurement techniques are discussed, and practical terahertz radioastronomy projects based on heterodyne receivers with HEB mixers are considered. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0033-8443 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
UDC 537.312.62 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
472 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Meledin, Denis; Pavolotsky, Alexey; Desmaris, Vincent.; Lapkin, Igor; Risacher, Christophe; Perez, Victor; Henke, Douglas; Nystrom, Olle; Sundin, Erik; Dochev, Dimitar; Pantaleev, Miroslav; Fredrixon, Mathias; Strandberg, Magnus; Voronov, Boris; Goltsman, Gregory; Belitsky, Victor |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
A 1.3-THz balanced waveguide HEB mixer for the APEX telescope |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
57 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
89-98 |
|
|
Keywords |
HEB, mixer, waveguide, balanced, NbN |
|
|
Abstract |
In this paper, we report about the development, fabrication, and characterization of a balanced waveguide hot electron bolometer (HEB) receiver for the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment telescope covering the frequency band of 1.25–1.39 THz. The receiver uses a quadrature balanced scheme and two HEB mixers, fabricated from 4- to 5-nm-thick NbN film deposited on crystalline quartz substrate with an MgO buffer layer in between. We employed a novel micromachining method to produce all-metal waveguide parts at submicrometer accuracy (the main-mode waveguide dimensions are 90×180 μm). We present details on the mixer design and measurement results, including receiver noise performance, stability and “first-light†at the telescope site. The receiver yields a double-sideband noise temperature averaged over the RF band below 1200 K, and outstanding stability with a spectroscopic Allan time more than 200 s. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0018-9480 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
RPLAB @ lobanovyury @ |
Serial |
554 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Beck, M.; Klammer, M.; Lang, S.; Leiderer, P.; Kabanov, V. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Demsar, J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Energy-gap dynamics of superconducting NbN thin films studied by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy |
Type |
Miscellaneous |
|
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
arXiv |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
NbN thin film, energy gap dynamics |
|
|
Abstract |
Using time-domain Terahertz spectroscopy we performed direct studies of the photoinduced suppression and recovery of the superconducting gap in a conventional BCS superconductor NbN. Both processes are found to be strongly temperature and excitation density dependent. The analysis of the data with the established phenomenological Rothwarf-Taylor model enabled us to determine the bare quasiparticle recombination rate, the Cooper pair-breaking rate and the electron-phonon coupling constant, \lambda = 1.1 +/- 0.1, which is in excellent agreement with theoretical estimates. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
Duplicated as 641 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
|
Serial |
1388 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Tretyakov, Ivan; Ryabchun, Sergey; Finkel, Matvey; Maslennikov, Sergey; Maslennikova, Anna; Kaurova, Natalia; Lobastova, Anastasia; Voronov, Boris; Gol'tsman, Gregory |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Ultrawide noise bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer mixers with in situ gold contacts |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
21 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
620-623 |
|
|
Keywords |
NbN HEB mixer bandwidth |
|
|
Abstract |
We report a noise bandwidth of 7 GHz in the new generation of NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers that are being developed for the space observatory Millimetron. The HEB receiver driven by a 2.5-THz local oscillator offered a noise temperature of 600 K in a 50-MHz final detection bandwidth. As the filter center frequency was swept this value remained nearly constant up to the cutoff frequency of the cryogenic amplifier at 7 GHz. We believe that such a low value of the noise temperature is due to reduced radio frequency (RF) loss at the interface between the superconducting film and the gold contacts. We have also performed gain bandwidth measurements at the superconducting transition on HEB mixers with various lengths and found them to be in excellent agreement with the results of the analytical and numerical models developed for the HEB mixer with both diffusion and phonon cooling of hot electrons. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
RPLAB @ gujma @ |
Serial |
716 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Lobanov, Y.; Tong, E.; Blundell, R.; Hedden, A.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Large-signal frequency response of an HEB mixer: from 300 MHz to terahertz |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
|
|
|
Volume |
21 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
628-631 |
|
|
Keywords |
waveguide NbN HEB mixers |
|
|
Abstract |
We present a study of the large signal frequency response of an HEB mixer over a wide frequency range. In our experiments, we have subjected the HEB mixer to incident electromagnetic radiation from 0.3 GHz to 1 THz. The mixer element is an NbN film deposited on crystalline quartz. The mixer chip is mounted in a waveguide cavity, coupled to free space with a diagonal horn. At microwave frequencies, electromagnetic radiation is applied through the coaxial bias port of the mixer block. At higher frequencies the input signal passes via the diagonal horn feed. At each frequency, the incident power is varied and a family of I-V curves is recorded. From the curves we identify 3 distinct regimes of operation of the mixer separated by the phonon relaxation frequency and the superconducting energy gap frequency observed at about 3 GHz and 660 GHz respectively. In this paper, we will present observed curves and discuss the results of our experiment. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
RPLAB @ gujma @ |
Serial |
719 |
|
Permanent link to this record |