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Pentin, Ivan; Finkel, Matvey; Maslennikov, Sergey; Vakhtomin, Yuri; Smirnov, Konstantin; Kaurova, Nataliya; Goltsman, Gregory |
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Title |
Superconducting hot-electron-bolometer mixers for the mid-IR |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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10 |
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IR NbN HEB mixers |
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The work presents the result of development of the NbN superconducting hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixer. The sensitive element of the mixer is directly coupled to mid-IR radiation, and doesn’t have planar metallic antenna. Investigations of noise characteristics of NbN HEB mixer were performed at the frequency 28.4 THz (λ = 10.6 µm) by using gas-discharge CW CO2-laser without consideration of optical and electrical losses in the heterodyne receiver. The noise temperature of NbN HEB mixer with the size of the sensitive element 10 µm × 10 µm was 2320 K (~ 1.5hν/kB) at the heterodyne frequency of 28.4 THz. The noise temperature was determined by measuring the Y-factor taking into account the term which describes fluctuations of zero-point oscillations in accordance with the fluctuation-dissipation theorem of Calle-Welton. Isothermal method was used to estimate the absorbed heterodyne radiation power which was 9 µW at the optimal operating point for the minimum noise temperature of NbN HEB mixer. |
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Russian |
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1684-1719 |
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http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/oct17/9/abstract.html (Russian) Гетеродинный приемник со сверхпроводниковым смесителем на эффекте электронного разогрева для среднего инфракрасного диапазона |
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1747 |
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Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, Roman; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Gol'tsman, G. |
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Title |
Ultimate sensitivity of superconducting single-photon detectors in the visible to infrared range |
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Miscellaneous |
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2004 |
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ResearchGate |
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ResearchGate |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our quantum efficiency (QE) and noise equivalent power (NEP) measurements of the meandertype ultrathin NbN superconducting single-photon detector in the visible to infrared radiation range. The nanostructured devices with 3.5-nm film thickness demonstrate QE up to~ 10% at 1.3–1.55 µm wavelength, and up to 20% in the entire visible range. The detectors are sensitive to infrared radiation with the wavelengths down to~ 10 µm. NEP of about 2× 10-18 W/Hz1/2 was obtained at 1.3 µm wavelength. Such high sensitivity together with GHz-range counting speed, make NbN photon counters very promising for efficient, ultrafast quantum communications and another applications. We discuss the origin of dark counts in our devices and their ultimate sensitivity in terms of the resistive fluctuations in our superconducting nanostructured devices. |
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Not attributed to any publisher! File name: PR9VervekinSfin_f.doc; Author: JAOLEARY; Last modification date: 2004-02-26 |
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1751 |
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Korneev, A. A. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Superconducting NbN microstrip single-photon detectors |
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Abstract |
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2021 |
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Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
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Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
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11771 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors (SSPD) invented two decades ago have evolved to a mature technology and have become devices of choice in the advanced applications of quantum optics, such as quantum cryptography and optical quantum computing. In these applications SSPDs are coupled to single-mode fibers and feature almost unity detection efficiency, negligible dark counts, picosecond timing jitter and MHz photon count rate. Meanwhile, there are great many applications requiring coupling to multi-mode fibers or free space. ‘Classical’ SSPDs with 100-nm-wide superconducting strip and covering area of about 100 µm2 are not suitable for further scaling due to degradation of performance and low fabrication yield. Recently we have demonstrated single-photon counting in micron-wide superconducting bridges and strips. Here we present our approach to the realization of practical photon-counting detectors of large enough area to be efficiently coupled to multi-mode fibers or free space. The detector is either a meander or a spiral of 1-µm-wide strip covering an area of 50x50 µm2. Being operated at 1.7K temperature it demonstrates the saturated detection efficiency (i.e. limited by the absorption in the detector) up to 1550 nm wavelength, about 10 ns dead time and timing jitter in range 50-100 ps. |
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SPIE |
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Prochazka, I.; Štefaňák, M.; Sobolewski, R.; Gábris, A. |
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Quantum Optics and Photon Counting; SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, 2021, Online Only |
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1784 |
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Корнеев, А. А.; Окунев, О. В.; Чулкова, Г. М.; Смирнов, К. В.; Милостная, И. И.; Минаева, О. В.; Корнеева, Ю. П.; Каурова, Н. С.; Воронов, Б. М.; Гольцман, Г. Н. |
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Спонтанные и фотоиндуцированные резистивные состояния в узких сверхпроводящих NbN полосках |
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2015 |
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NbN films |
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Монография посвящена актуальной проблеме современной фотоники: разработке высокочувствительных и быстродействующих сверхпроводниковых однофотонных детекторов на основе тонкой пленки NbN. В работе исследуются неравновесные процессы, протекающие в тонкой сверхпроводящей пленке после поглощения инфракрасного фотона и приводящие к возникновению резистивного состояния. На этих процессах основан механизм фотоотклика исследуемого в работе однофотонного детектора. В частности, исследуются зависимости квантовой эффективности и скорости темнового счета от геометрических параметров детектора: толщины пленки, ширины полоски, а также от величины транспортного тока детектора. Монография предназначена для студентов старших курсов, аспирантов и начинающих исследователей, работающих в области сверхпроводниковой наноэлектроники и радиофизики. |
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Москва |
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МПГУ |
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978-5-4263-0269-3 |
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УДК: 535; Число страниц: 108 |
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1812 |
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Smirnov, K.; Vachtomin, Y.; Divochiy, A.; Antipov, A.; Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
The limitation of noise equivalent power by background radiation for infrared superconducting single photon detectors coupled to standard single mode optical fibers |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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5 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/sort_desc.gif) |
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NbN SSPD |
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We investigated the minimum level of the dark count rates and noise equivalent power of superconducting single photon detectors coupled to standard single mode optical fibers. We found that background radiation limits the minimum level of the dark count rates. We also proposed the effective method for reducing background radiation out of the required spectral range of the detector. Measured noise equivalent power of detector reaches 8.9×10-19 W×Hz1/2 at a wavelength of 1.55 μm and quantum efficiency 35%. |
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14 pages |
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1813 |
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Чулкова, Г. М.; Корнеев, А. А.; Смирнов, К. В.; Окунев, О. В. |
![find book details (via ISBN) isbn](https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/img/isbn.gif)
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Title |
Энергетическая релаксация в примесных металлах, двумерном электронном газе в AlGaAs-GaAs, сверхпроводниковых пленках NbN и детекторы субмиллиметрового и ик излучения на их основе |
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2012 |
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2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs, NbN detectors |
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Монография посвящена обзору исследований влияния эффектов электронного беспорядка на электронное взаимодействие в металлах, сверхпроводниках, полупроводниках, а также в различных низкоразмерных структурах. Актуальность поднятых в монографии вопросов определяется интенсивным развитием нанотехнологий, созданием новых наноструктурированных материалов и уникальных наноэлементов для электроники и фотоники. Упругое электронное рассеяние на границах наноструктур качественно меняет взаимодействие электронов с фонолами, что, безусловно, должно учитываться при проектировании соответствующей элементной базы. Прикладная часть работы посвящена контролируемой модификации электронных процессов для оптимизации новых наносенсоров на основе электронного разогрева в сверхпроводниковых и полупроводниковых структурах. Монография предназначена для студентов старших курсов, аспирантов и начинающих следователей, работающих в области сверхпроводниковой наноэлектроники. |
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Москва |
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Прометей, МПГУ |
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978-5-4263-0118-4 |
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УДК: 537.311 |
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1818 |
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Hübers, H.-W.; Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Birk, Manfred; Krocka, Michael; Mair, Ulrich; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B. |
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Title |
Terahertz heterodyne receiver with a hot-electron bolometer mixer |
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Conference Article |
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2002 |
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Proc. Far-IR, Sub-mm, and mm Detector Technology Workshop |
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Proc. Far-IR, Sub-mm, and mm Detector Technology Workshop |
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NbN HEB mixers |
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During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz (THz) heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a µW power from the local oscillator (LO). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, are of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated the performance of the receiver. This yields important information for the development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA)[1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR. |
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Monterey, CA, USA |
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Wold, J.; Davidson, J. |
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4 pages; Unconfirmed but cited in https://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/1622/1/bedorf.pdf; There is a Program of the Workshop: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7411055/far-ir-submm-mm-detector-technology-workshop-sofia-usra (there is no title of this article in the Program); There is also identical publication in Proc. ISSTT (Serial: 332, “A broadband terahertz heterodyne receiver with an NbN HEB mixer”). |
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1829 |
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Author |
Смирнов, Константин Владимирович |
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Title |
Энергетическая релаксация электронов в 2D-канале гетеропереходов GAAS/ALGAAS и транспортные процессы в структурах полупроводник-сверхпроводник на их основе |
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2000 |
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М. МПГУ |
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2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures, NbN films |
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Диссертация посвящена изучению электрон-фононного взаимодействия в двумерном электронном газе, образующемся на границе раздела полупроводников AlGaAs и GaAs, а также созданию на основе гетероперехода GaAs/AlGaAs и сверхпроводника NbN гибридных структур сверхпроводник-полупроводник-сверхпроводник и изучению их электрофизических свойств. |
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Москва, МПГУ |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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